Pleural Mesothelioma: Zizindikiro, Zoyambitsa, kupewa

Pleural Mesothelioma - loopsa kwambiri khansa matenda, amene anatsagana ndi zikamera ndi kukula kwa zotupa zilonda mu m'mapapo pleural Kakhungu. Mwachibadwa, matenda otere sikungawononge boma la m'mapapo ndi thupi lonse. N'chifukwa chake n'kofunika kwambiri kuphunzira zimene zimachititsa ndi zizindikiro za matenda. The m'mbuyomo matenda lolondola ndiponso chithandizo amasankha, m'pamenenso kukwaniritsa chikhululukiro ndi moyo wautali anthu.

Kodi pleural Mesothelioma? Photos ndi kufotokozera mwachidule

Khansa ya pleura wa - khansara osowa. Ngakhale kuti akhoza anapezeka pa msinkhu wina uliwonse, ambiri odwala matenda a membala okhwima wamwamuna, mwa njira ina nawo ntchito woopsawo. Komanso Dziwani kuti chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda ikukula chaka chilichonse.

Mesothelioma - chotupa chimene aumbike mwa ndondomeko zilonda kusintha maselo zaminyewa pleura. Choyamba, ali mawonekedwe a tinatake tozungulira yaing'ono kapena flakes, amene chiwerengero kumawonjezera monga matenda ili m'kati, kupanga mtundu wa kuwala padziko mthunzi.

Zosiyanasiyana zotupa zilonda

Mu mankhwala amakono, pali machitidwe angapo gulu. Malinga mtundu wa maselo pleural Mesothelioma kungakhale:

• epithelioid (mtundu ngati chotupa amapezeka 50-60% milandu);
• fibrous kapena sarcomatoid (chopezeka 10% milandu);
• 30-40% milandu onse chotupa ndi ziwiri gawo kapena wosanganiza (wopangidwa mwa mitundu onse selo).

Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka acinar akutali, selo kakang'ono, ndipo tubopapillyarnye malignancies bwino selo.

The pathogenesis matendawa

Pleural Mesothelioma - chifukwa cha zilonda kusintha kwa maselo pleural pamwamba epithelium (mesothelium). Pamene mfundo ndi aumbike mawonekedwe chotupa mu mbali iliyonse ya parietal kapena choipidwa pleura. Chonsecho pali akakufunsani mawonekedwe a matenda omwe maselo zilonda diffusely anagawira pa pleura ndi, enveloping kuwala choncho. Zikatero, ngati M'mimbamo pleural amakhalabe free, mkati kudzikundikira anati kwa hemorrhagic (ndi mwazi) kapena seroplastic exudate.

Popeza pleura kwambiri kulankhula ndi pericardium (envelopu enveloping minofu mtima), kenako maselo zilonda mu magawo ina akhoza amagwiranso ntchito zigawo za pericardium lapansi. Komanso amatha chotupa kuti metastasize kwa mwanabele.

The chikuchititsa mavuto a matenda

An funso chidwi, ndipo zimayambitsa matenda. Kumene, kuti athe kuphunzira limagwirira a zilonda kusintha kwa maselo si bwino anapambana. Komabe, akatswiri amakono apeza kuti pali zinthu zingapo chiopsezo kuti tifulumizane matenda zoipazi:

• Kuyambitsa zilonda kusintha kwa maselo angathe kulankhula ndi asibesitosi. Malinga ndi maphunziro zowerengera 9 pa anthu 10 amene anali wapezeka pleural Mesothelioma, poyamba ankagwira ntchito ndi nkhaniyi. Mwa njira, asibesitosi Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makampani pafupifupi 1970.
• Zifukwa monga matenda a anthu SV40 HIV, amene amadziwika mankhwala pansi dzina lina, womwe simian HIV. Kuyambira 1955 mpaka 1963, izo anagwira katemera lonse la anthu ndi poliyo. Mwatsoka, katemera anali zakhudzana ndi particles HIV. Kodi chimodzimodzi kupsyinjika izi kumatanthauza mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha Mesothelioma, mpaka kumapeto silikudziwika, koma kulumikiza agona.
• Chifukwa cha matenda mwina mmene thupi la cheza. Mwachitsanzo, Mesothelioma angathe pokhudzana ndi thupi la thorium woipa. Mwa njira, mankhwala kuti 1950s, anali ntchito pa mayeso radiological. Ndipo okhudzidwa pleural akhoza kugwirizana ndi radiotherapy kale anasamutsidwa.
• Contact ndi mankhwala ena komweko akhoza zoyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito mosalekeza ndi mitundu ina ya inks, solvents, mankhwala onyeketsa poyamba kumabweretsa airway chotupa, ndiyeno kusintha zilonda maselo.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda zimachitika chapansipansi?

Mwakucimbidza tiziuza kuti zilonda pleural Mesothelioma akufotokozera amazipanga kudya. Popanda matenda yake chabe miyezi ingapo matenda kungachititse kuti imfa ya munthu.

Kawirikawiri, ndi chizindikiro choyamba ndi ululu mmunsi mwa chifuwa, ndipo nthawizina kumbuyo. Komanso, odwala amadandaula kawirikawiri chifuwa youma, chomwenso ndi limodzi ndi mwachikondi. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda anati vuto Pomeza, hoarseness.

Pali zizindikiro zina zimene zigwirizana pamodzi Mesothelioma wa pleura lapansi. Zizindikiro monga thukuta kwambiri, ndi malungo. Nthawi zambiri, odwala kuona magazi m'thupi. N'zothekanso kulemera imfa, popanda kudya pang'ono kapena kusintha okwanira.

Popeza M'mimbamo pleural amasonkhana madzimadzi, mmodzi wa chisokonezo, ndi dyspnea si lokha pa zolimbitsa thupi, koma boma zina. Puncture ndi kuchotsa exudate thandizo pa nthawi magawowa alili. Komabe, pleural thickening amayikanikiza ziwalo mediastinal, nthawi zambiri kuchititsa chisokonezo pa mbali ya dongosolo mtima.

matenda a matenda

Kuwaona ku dotolo wodziwa akhoza kuganiza kuti wodwala ali pleural Mesothelioma. Matendawa lowonjezera ndi chifuwa X-ray. Koma ndi zizindikiro zochepa mukuonera zithunzi. Choncho, m'pofunika ndi ena maphunziro:

• The njira yaikulu matenda ndi CT jambulani. Pamene anali kumupima, muona pamaso pa effusion pleural, pleural thickening mfundo, chotupa misa yozungulira ndi compress ya m'mapapo, mediastinal kosangalatsa.
• Maginito kumveka kulingalira amapereka chithunzi bwino kwambiri mmene chotupa kufala. Mukhozanso kudziwa mlingo wa kuwonongeka kwa chifundamtima, ndi kufala kwa matenda ozungulira minofu zofewa.
• Kodi anasonyeza ndipo anachita positron umuna tomography, amene amalola kudziwa pamaso pa metastases kutali ndi mmene okhudzidwa lymph mfundo.

Ena mwa njira anachita pofuna kutsimikizira matenda a morphological

Pambuyo njira izi zimafunikira ndi morphological chitsimikiziro cha matenda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuona ngati zotupa wapezeka ndithu zilonda Mesothelioma.

Choyamba pa kuwunika kutenga exudation ku M'mimbamo pleural, limene anatumiza cytology. Mwatsoka, tilinazo njira imeneyi ndi 25-50% okha, choncho amafuna kufufuza zina. Nthawi zina anachita ndi phunziro histologic, yolondola yomwe, mwatsoka, si kwambiri ndipo pafupifupi 60%. Komabe, njira imeneyi ndi mosavuta ndi angakwanitse, komanso chifukwa chakuti kutumikiridwa mu malo oyamba.

njira More yeniyeni ndi olanda, makamaka Mediastinoscopy thoracoscopy (zikuphatikizapo matenda kutsegula chifuwa).

ndondomeko mankhwala ndi chiyani?

Mwatsoka, zotsatira za mankhwala amene ntchito mankhwala amakono kwa mankhwala amphamvu, ndi 20%. Ntchito "Cisplatin", "Mitomycin", "Etoposide", "Gemzar" ndi zina mankhwala ena akhoza kuchepetsa kukula chotupa ndi kukwaniritsa zofunika kukonza chikhalidwe mtima. Komabe, golide muyezo osakaniza mankhwala amphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, chiwembu akanakhoza kuyang'ana motere: "Gemcitabine" + "Alimta" kapena "Gemcitabine" + "Cisplatin".

Ngati pali pleural effusion, wodwala, akhonza kupatsidwa cytostatics kugwiritsira mwachindunji kuti patsekeke pleural. Nthawi zina cholinga chomwecho ntchito interferon. Izi zimathandiza m'mbuyo kapena kusiya kudzikundikira exudate chotero kwambiri atsogolere kupuma wodwalayo.

Mwachibadwa, kafukufuku yogwira zosiyanasiyana mankhwala odana ndi khansa akutsatiridwa ndi tsiku. Akuti zingamuthandize mankhwala - zoletsa a mtima za indofeliyamu kukula china. Mwatsoka, mlingo kupulumuka pakati pa odwala ndi osauka.

Zofunikira popanga munthu opaleshoni

matenda masamba MALO kwa kuzemba, makamaka pankhani magawo ina ya matenda. Choncho kaya opaleshoni zingatheke ngati wodwala matenda ndi Mesothelioma pleural? Opaleshoni chithandizo, nthawi zonse umachitikira pokhapokha ngati chotupa isanafalikire mu malo amodzi. Zikatero, kuchotsa ikuchitika pleura, nthawi zina pamodzi ndi gawo la phapo. njira akutsatiridwa m'ma 11-15% ya milandu. Kutalika kwa moyo ngakhale pambuyo mankhwala kwakukulu ndi miyezi 9-22, pa zaka zochepa kwambiri. The chifukwa yabwino kwambiri amapereka kuphatikiza mankhwala amene amachita pamodzi ndi mankhwala amphamvu.

Pleural Mesothelioma: Mapa

Khansa mulimonse oopsa. Choncho zimene adzakumane wodwala amene anapezeka ndi "pleural Mesothelioma"? Mapa, tsoka, si zolimbikitsa. Ndithudi, izo zonse zimadalira kwenikweni chimene GAWO matenda amawapeza. Akaunti ayenera kutenga msinkhu ndi umoyo wa wodwalayo, mphamvu ya mankhwala ntchito, ndi zina zotero. D. Nthawi zambiri, lamanja la mankhwala ku magawo oyambirira a matenda chingapezeke chikhululukiro, nthawi zina kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwala ndi zaka 5-6.

Mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri odwala ndi matenda akuthamanga pleural Mesothelioma (sitepe 4). Ndi angati ali ndi matenda? Mwatsoka, ngakhale ntchito njira zonse za mankhwala amakono kawirikawiri kupulumutsa moyo wa wodwala kwa miyezi yoposa 2-8.

Kodi pali njira kuteteza matenda?

Pleural Mesothelioma m'mapapo - matenda oopsa amazipanga kuti zimayambitsa imfa ya munthu. Mwatsoka yothandiza prophylactic wothandizila kulibe. Komabe, mosamala zinthu zikuluzikulu zimene zimachititsa zilonda kusintha kwa maselo, ndipo ngati n'kotheka kupewa iwo. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri a m'mapapo mwamphamvu amalangiza ntchito ndi asibesitosi, kukhala ndi mavuto ena, ndi zina zotero. D.

Mwachibadwa, m'pofunika kuti asiye kusuta fodya, khalidwe zingachititse ambiri matenda a dongosolo kupuma, kuphatikizapo. Ndipo chaka chilichonse n'kofunika kutenga njira X-ray Kupenda mapapo (chifuwa X-ray), chifukwa mwamsanga adzakhala anapezeka ndi matenda makamaka wamkulu mpata bwino chithandizo. chidwi ndi zofunika kulipira ogwira ntchito mafakitale woopsawo, amene thanzi ali pangozi yaikulu.