Polytrauma - ndichiyani? thandizo vuto la polytrauma

Nthawi zambiri mu mbiri ya matenda a anthu, amene anagwa kuchokera kumwamba yabwino, kapena analowa ngozi ya galimoto, n'zotheka kusunga mawu monga polytrauma. Kodi ndi chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kupereka thandizo kwa wodwala? Izi ati m'nkhani. Komanso tiphunzira m'mene wodutsayo munthu angapulumutse moyo wa akuvutika ngozi, komanso ena njira yodziwira ndi chithandizo chagwiritsidwa mu nkhani iyi.

mafotokozedwe

Awiri kapena kuposa a zotupa zoopsa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimakhala amatchedwa polytrauma. Kodi izo ndi zimene zizindikiro ndi khalidwe la chikhalidwe ichi? Polytrauma - waukulu polysystemic ndi angapo limba choipa chimene pali ndondomeko pathological. Bukuli lili ndi kuphwanya njira m'deralo ndi ambiri anatengera, homeostasis.

Chotero chikhalidwe ndi oopsa chifukwa zilibe kuonekera kwathunthu. Zoonekeratu zitha kukhala kuwonongeka kunja:

• zoopsa mantha;
• pachimake magazi;
• kupuma kumangidwa;
• imfa ya chikumbumtima.

Zizindikiro zina zimachitika malinga ndi mtundu wa polytrauma.

madigiri

1. Mantha si anati. Kuonongeka mapapo. limba ntchito kwathunthu limzake.
2. Pali kudabwitsa 1 kapena 2 madigiri. Kuwonongeka kwa matupi sing'anga yokoka. Konzanso ntchito ya ziwalo kumafuna nthawi yaitali.
3. Kudabwitsa madigiri 2 kapena 3. Lolemera kuwonongeka. Pali imfa tsankho kapena wathunthu wa ntchito anakhudzidwa ziwalo.
4. Kudabwitsa magawo 3 kapena 4. Kuwonongeka ndi woopsa kwambiri moyo pachiswe, osati mu gawo pachimake, komanso pa chithandizo.

zotsatira

Various angapo ndipo amaphatikiza mawu kuwononga moyo pachiswe zingasiyane malire lonse, kotero m'pofunika m'kagulu m'magulu amenewa:

• akayakaya;
• nezhizneopasnaya;
• zakupha polytrauma.

Kodi ndi ndi kusiyana pakati pa mtundu uliwonse?

Nezhizneopasnoe kuwonongeka sayambitsa kuyan'anila za moyo wa chamoyo, osati moyo pachiswe.

kuvulala moyo pachiswe amakhudza ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe amene akhoza kuchiritsidwa mothandizidwa ndi thandizo yake ndi oyenerera.

Woopsa kuwonongeka - kuwonongedwa kwa ziwalo, omwe kale simungati mubwezeretsedwe ngakhale ndi opaleshoni.

choyamba-chithandizo

munthu patali ndi mankhwala, sangathe kupereka chisamaliro zonse zachipatala kwa wozunzidwayo amene wavutika chifukwa cha ngozi ya galimoto, ngozi kuntchito, ndi zina zotero. N. Komabe, thandizo vuto la polytrauma izipangidwa. Nthawi yomweyo isanafike madokotala posachedwa odutsa kapena munthu bwino ayenera kugwira mwai chosavuta ndi tsokali, amene atsogolere iye amati:

• Magazi asiye kutuluka ntchito tourniquet kapena aliyense zipangizo zina.
• Kumasulidwa wovulalayo kuchokera zovala (ngati n'koyenera).
• Kwezani thupi laling'ono kwa wozunzidwayo.

No mwai ena sali ofunika kuthera. Ndipotu, munthu kutali mankhwala, izo zikanakhala zosatheka kumvetsa wotani polytrauma analandira. Iwo angathe kudziwa yekha dokotala, ndiyeno pambuyo bwinobwino wodwala.

Akuphedwa zochitika zofunika

Pambuyo kale madokotala kukaona wodwala imafotokozedwa munthu wolephera zokhudza zonse monga polytrauma. chisamaliro Emergency anamwino mu nkhani iyi ndi iyi:

• Kuchira patency wa airway chapamwamba. Akatswiri kuchotsedwa ntchofu ndi masanzi ku M'mimbamo m'kamwa, kapena kutumikiridwa kwa chubu laryngeal chigoba kuvala woyera ndi yosalala kupuma.
• Ndiyotani pakuchotsa hypoxia. Madokotala amachita mpweya yokumba.
• Full amasiya kunja magazi.

Kuchita mwai izi ayenera wosasiyapo kuposa mphindi 4.

kusuntha wodwala

polytrauma mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa mwa makoma a kuchipatala. Choncho, munthuyo ayenera kuperekedwa ku chipatala. Ndipo zimenezi n'kofunika kuika mtima pa machira, matiresi wapadera kapena gulu (malingana msana chawonongeka mu malo zimene nanga).

Nthawi zambiri pali nthawi polytrauma anali analandira chifukwa cha ngozi ya galimoto. Pankhaniyi, pambuyo ngozi wovulalayo ali chikomokere, kapena thupi la makina ali clamped. Pankhaniyi, pamaso wovulalayo atachotsedwa chipinda zonyamula m'pofunika kupereka patency wabwinobwino wa airway chapamwamba. Izi zikhoza kutheka ndi wapadera kolala Schanz, angathe kukonza msana khomo lachiberekero.

dongosolo matenda

Pa chikuonetseratu wodwala mu akayakaya kuchipatala kukhwimitsa anapangidwa kuti:

1. Mwamsanga bwino. Katswiri macheke ngati munthu ali khola kapena ayi, decompensated kapena kufa. Komanso, dokotala pa nthawi yomweyo ikufotokoza kupuma, kuthamanga kwa magazi.
2. A gulu la akatswiri akuchita zinthu zomwe angathe kuthandiza wodwala moyo: Mwayi mitsempha, airway patency, ngalande wa M'mimbamo pleural, kuti apulumutse moyo.
3. Polumikiza wodwalayo unit mpweya, normalizes kupuma, kuwunika mpweya wabwino.
4. Kuchititsa matenda mwadzidzidzi:

• Kuphunzira pachifuwa, mutu, m'mimba, msana ndi miyendo.
• Ntchito ya catheter kuti chikhodzodzo.
• Matenda a pulsations zotumphukira.

5. Laboratory mayesero:

• Magazi clotting.
• Hemogram.
• gulu magazi ngakhale mlandu.
• Toxicology mosamala.

6. Sonography.
7. X-ray.
8. yopangidwa tomography.

chithandizo mu polytrauma m'chipatala

Kamodzi wovulalayo anabweretsa kuchipatala, nthawi yomweyo ndi kuyamba ochita akatswiri. Potsatira Kupenda wodwala wokonzedwera kwa opaleshoni kuti kuchepetsa kutaya mwazi wambiri (mwachitsanzo, chophukacho wa chiwindi kapena ndulu, mtima kuwonongeka ndi T. D.).

Imodzi ndi opaleshoni kuthandiza polytrauma limodzi ndi chithandizo tima kakasi. Wodwalayo jekeseni kukonzekera mwapadera.

N'zotheka ntchito polytrauma:

• Craniotomy ndi kuvulala ubongo.
• Opaleshoni chithandizo cha zilonda zimene magazi kwambiri.
• Amputation wa miyendo.
• Chithandizo cha fractures lotseguka, mafupa, mitsempha ya magazi, misempha.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mtima wa ikuchitika pa mankhwala madzimadzi, cholinga cha ndiko matenda kugwira ntchito kwa kachitidwe mtima ndi kupuma. Pa nthawi imeneyi wodwala kuchita maphunziro monga:

• aone achigaza ndi;
• X-ray cha mafupa a chiuno, chifuwa, mimba, m'makona.

maganizo kusintha

Anthu amene akuvutika zoopsa, chifukwa anatengera zonse moyo mudera ndi kofunikira pochitika kubwezeretsedwa. Ndipo osati pa thupi komanso pa mlingo maganizo. zitasintha amenewa ndi Madongosolo a anthu amene utachepa luso zinchito, kucheza, ndi zofunika wodzilamulira chisamaliro, ndi zina zotero. D. Psychological thandizo polytrauma akhale kwa akatswiri ndi pakati pa abale a wovulalayo. Nthawi ya konzanso kunyumba ayenera kuthandiza wodwalayo kuti nthawi zonse, koma mu nkhani palibe musayese kuchita chilichonse. Zimachitika kuti patapita polytrauma mtima anataya zofunika wodzilamulira utumiki. Vuto la banja - kuthandiza woberedwa kuchira msanga, kukonzanso kusintha moyo.

Psychological ndi chikhalidwe konzanso pazikhalanso zinthu monga:

• Kuphunzitsa kudziona chisamaliro cha wovulalayo.
• yophunzitsa banja wodwalayo.
• Organization za moyo wa wodwalayo kunyumba (a anatengera chipinda chimene munthu amakhala, zosowa).
• Kuphunzitsa luso moyo.
• Kuonetsetsa Landilani kugonana chikhalidwe.
• Sikumatha polojekiti ndi ntchito ndi zamaganizo a.

Akatswiri nawo konzanso

Kuthandizapo maganizo ndi thupi mu polytrauma ndi madokotala monga:

• Rehabilitator.
• Zamaganizo.
• physiotherapy katswiri.
• Dokotala wodziwa za vutoli.
• Optometrist.
• Yamaganizo.
• Katswiriyu.
• Podiatrist.
• Social Antchito.

Mfundo za ndondomeko chithandizo kwa odwala

1. Mwachangu. Kuchititsa matenda mabuku ayenera kutenga malo 1 ora pambuyo nkhaniyi.
2. Security. No mpheto ikuchitika ndi wodwala, sayenera zingawononge moyo wake.
3. Imodzi. miyezo matenda ndi achire ayenera idzachitika synchronously.

kulunjika polytrauma

Madokotala ovuta ndi anthu amene akuvutika kwambiri chifukwa cha ngozi. NKHANI polytrauma, choncho mavuto amenewa motere:

• The pachimake kuchepa kwa nthawi.
• Kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa wovulalayo zoyendera yachibadwa ngakhale mwa chipatala.
• Kuchepetsa osiyanasiyana njira yodziwira ndi achire chifukwa chakuti wodwalayo nthawizonse mu malo supine, n'zosatheka kusintha.
• Quick kufufuza pamimba kuvulala, Chigaza, chifuwa, m'mimba, mofulumira matenda ndi Kupha mavuto.

anapezazo

M'nkhani ino mwaphunzira zokhudza nkhani chofunika kwambiri ndi apakhungu, monga thandizo ku matenda a "polytrauma". ndi ndi pati kumawononga amenewa amafalitsidwa Kodi amenenso anapeza. Tinazindikira kuti dzuwa, molondola ndi kulemba zimene madokotala zimathandiza munthu osati kupulumuka ngozi, komanso kuti athe achire.