Potaziyamu chromate. Kukonzekera katundu mankhwala ndi thupi. ntchito

potaziyamu chromate kapena hromovoloknisty potaziyamu (dzina mayiko: Kalium chromicum, Kaliumchromat, potaziyamu chromate) - ndi pawiri zochita kupanga, timibulu chikasu dongosolo orthorhombic, sungunuka m'madzi. Zimatanthauza salt asidi chromic H2CrO4, imene boma ufulu kulibe. Mu mankhwala chromate potaziyamu zotsatirazi chilinganizo: CrK2O4

Momwe chromate potaziyamu?

Hromovoloknisty potaziyamu analandira mu njira zingapo:

1. Mwa chromium chlorate okusayidi makutidwe ndi okosijeni potaziyamu (zimene zikuchitika pa kutentha madigiri 500-700):

Cr2O3 (chromium okusayidi) + KClO3 (potaziyamu chlorate) + K2CO3 (potaziyamu carbonate) = 2K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + KCl (potaziyamu mankhwala enaake) + 2CO2 (carbonic asidi mpweya)

2. Ndi Kutha kwa okusayidi chromium mu hydroxide potaziyamu :

CrO3 (chromium okusayidi) + 2KOH (hydroxide potaziyamu) = K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + H2O (madzi)

3. kuwonongeka kwa dichromate potaziyamu ndi Kutentha (anachita ikuchitika pa kutentha madigiri 500-600):

4K2Cr2O7 (potaziyamu dichromate) = 4K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + 2Cr2O3 (chromium okusayidi) + 3O2 (mpweya)

4. Ndi kukhudzana ndi njira kuikapo maganizo a hydroxide potaziyamu kuti dichromate potaziyamu :

K2Cr2O7 (potaziyamu dichromate) + 2KOH (potaziyamu hydroxide) = 2K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + H2O (madzi)

5. chikhalidwe cha mchere zina wotchedwa "tarapakait". Iwo hromovoloknisty aloyi potaziyamu.

Potaziyamu chromate mankhwala katundu:

1. kuchepetsa zidulo hromovoloknisty potaziyamu akulowa dichromate potassium amene chilinganizo K2Cr2O7. Chitsanzo ndi zimene zotsatirazi:

2K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + 2HCl (acid amathiridwa kuchepetsedwa) = K2Cr2O7 (potaziyamu dichromate) + 2KCl (mankhwala enaake potaziyamu) + H2O (madzi)

2. Mogwirizana ndi zidulo amphamvu ndi zosiyana chikuchitika Mwachitsanzo:

K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + 2HCl (acid amathiridwa mu mawonekedwe kuikapo maganizo) K = (Kr (cl) O3) (complexed chromium) + KCl (mankhwala enaake potaziyamu) + H2O (madzi)

3. Mu anachita ndi potaziyamu chromate otentha zidulo anaikira chionetsero oxidizing katundu. Chitsanzo ndi zimene zotsatirazi ikuchitika pa kutentha madigiri 90:

2K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + 16HCl (hydrochloric acid) = 2CrCl3 (chromium mankhwala enaake) + 3Cl2 (monga mafuta chlorine) + 4KCl (mankhwala enaake potaziyamu) + 8H2O (madzi)

4. Hromovoloknisty potaziyamu tilowe mu zochita kuwombola. Mwachitsanzo:

K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + 2AgNO3 (siliva nitrate) = Ag2CrO4 (siliva chromate, precipitates) + 2KNO3 (potaziyamu nitrate)
K2CrO4 (potaziyamu chromate) + Hg2 (NO3) 2 (Mercury nitrate) = Hg2CrO4 (Mercury chromate precipitates) + 2KNO3 (potaziyamu nitrate)

The thupi katundu wa chromate potaziyamu:

1. The kachulukidwe ndi 2,732 g / cm3.
2. potaziyamu chromate chimasungunula pa 968,3 ° C. Pa kutentha madigiri 668 akulowa wofiira hexagonal gawo - amapeza mtundu wina - wofiira. Komabe, pa kuzirala anakhala chikasu kachiwiri.
3. Mafomu timibulu chikasu rhombic dongosolo.
4. wa danga gulu P-Nam.
5. Limawatcha paramagnetic lapansi.
6. Osauka sungunuka Mowa, insoluble m'madzi. Sungunuka ethyl mowa ndi diethyl.
7. Unyinji molar ndi 194,19 g / mol.

Kuwala katundu wa chromate potaziyamu:

The refractive index wa 1,74

Kodi applicable potaziyamu chromate?

1. makampani a chikopa ntchito ngati wothandizira khungu. Mu ankaudaya nsalu ntchito ngati mordant.
2. ntchito monga mbali ya electrolyte zikuchokera wapadera mankhwala degreasing.
3. Monga brightener kwa phula ndi mafuta.
4. kaphatikizidwe organic monga oxidant ndi Mwachitsanzo, kupanga utoto.
5. Ndiponso hromovoloknisty njira potaziyamu ntchito yokonza electrochemical makutidwe ndi okosijeni a siliva, ndi ndime ya malonda mkuwa, siliva kasakaniza wazitsulo.
6. ntchito ngati mankhwala ofooketsa tizilombo mankhwala.
7. Laboratories dishwashing ndi osakaniza a mabuku wofanana moyikirapo sulfuric asidi ndi K2Cr2O7 njira, poyamba zimalimbikitsa mu kuzizira.

Potaziyamu dichromate (dzina luso - Chrompick)

Bwaloli timibulu mtundu red-lalanje. Palibe njira crystalline ali osalimba a 2,684 galamu pa centimeter kiyubiki, chimasungunula pa madigiri 397. Pa Kutentha zina linawola. Solubility m'madzi pa madigiri 20 ndi wofanana magalamu 12,48 mchere pa magalamu 100 a madzi. Potaziyamu dichromate chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga oxidant mu pyrotechnics ndi, makampani machesi, ndi monga reagent mu hromametrii.