PPR mu nyumbayi - ndichiyani? kupanga kapangidwe ntchito (PPR) - okhutira, kapangidwe ndi zofunika

Zomangamanga ndi malo aakulu kwambiri pa chitukuko chamakono m'tawuni. Vuto limeneli lili osiyanasiyana ntchito, ulamuliro wa utsogoleli wa Matupi yoyang'anira amafuna yeniyeni, wopanda gulu. Komanso, zomangamanga ayenera kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha ndondomeko ya ntchito, zimathandiza kuti zokolola za pobereka, ndi mphamvu luso lapadera kwa kuphedwa. Choncho, onse gawo kukonzekera ndi kumanga yokha ndi Lamulo zochita malamulo. Lamulo limeneli, malamulo, malangizo amene kukhazikitsa ndondomeko, chimango kwa kukhazikitsa ntchito yomangayi.

ndi zolembedwa ntchito iti

Musanayambe ayambe kupanga ntchito, m'pofunika kuti ndi zolembedwa ntchito. Iwo adzaona kapangidwe tsogolo dongosolo, kuwerengera katundu zofunika, zomwe udzapereka chitetezo dongosolo, adzakhala kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chuma chofunika, mtengo kukopa ntchito, ndiponso luso. Komanso pa siteji kuyambirira kwa ntchitoyo, amene ali ndi udindo m'gulu la gululo, lonse yomanga ndondomeko. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa ntchito ya ntchito (PPR), zomwe cholinga chake ndicho kukwaniritsa zolinga za chitetezo cha anthu ndiponso okhudza ntchito pa dera la yomanga. PPR pomanga icho chiri, kudziwa zizindikiro mchitidwewu ndi malangizo lolamulira ntchito inayake mwachita. BPD zambiri osati mfundo za chinthu chonsecho chifukwa buku lalikulu, choncho aumbike mwa magawo angapo, anagawa ndi mtundu wa ntchito. Izi zikhoza payokha anayamba nkhani zamakono nkhalango chipangizo, denga, unsembe wa zinthu aliyense structural, ndi zina zotero. D.

Chifukwa kufunika ntchito yopanga

PPR kuti pomanga amafuna nyumba anapereka SNIP 3.01.01-85, amene kulamula ndipo amapereka mafotokozedwe pa chitukuko cha polojekiti, koyenera kuti chiyambi cha yomanga nyumba. Cholinga cha chilengedwe chake, monga momwe bukuli ndi chitukuko cha njira zoyezera yomanga awo kukhazikitsa ogwira mtima, kuchepetsa zinthu, ndalama ntchito, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo yomanga.

Amene angathe BPD

Kukula kwa BPD mu imafuna anthu ogwira ntchito izo, maphunziro yoyenera, luso logwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu, ndi zina zotero. D. Chifukwa bwino anapanga ntchito adzakhala kwambiri kuwongolera ntchito, kuchepetsa nthawi ya kumanga chinthu. Izi zofunika umisiri ndi zida makampani ano zomangamanga, amene mofulumira osauka njira, kuyambitsa umisiri watsopano, njira.

Kodi muyenera kulenga PPR

Kuyamba ntchito, muyenera azima mu nyumbayi. Ndi chiyani icho ndi momwe izo, anafotokozedwa ndi zikalata normative. Kukhala polojekiti akatswiri muyenera angapo mapepala, potengera zomwe analenga ntchito ya zomangamanga. Sitepe yoyamba ndi ntchito analengedwa ndi zofunika, zofuna ndi mfundo zofunika, mawu chitukuko kasitomala. Komanso, mufunika wamkulu (ntchito) zolembedwa za malo anakonza, ntchito ya yomanga.

Likunena zambiri pa ntchito pamalo makina wapadera, zipangizo, ntchito, zipangizo, kusonyeza sapulaya. Amapereka deta pa kafukufuku kale Anatuma, katundu ntchito, komanso kuganizira kusiyana dera yomanga kwa PPR. Kodi ndi mmene inu mufunira kuti? M'pofunika kuti polojekiti lalembedwa kutenga nkhani subtleties onse, n'zotheka zinthu zoipa khalidwe achilengedwe. Gwiritsani ntchito mfundo za boma la kutentha kwa mpweya yozungulira, chingasinthe kwa nthawi yeniyeni zomangamanga, mlingo pansi, chinyezi komanso zinthu zina zomwe ndi zofunika zingasokoneze njira ya zomangamanga.

Kodi ndi ntchito yopanga

PPR yomanga zikuchokera anapereka anapereka malamulo, zimene zikusonyeza kufunika zili asilikali zikalata atatu. Izi ambiri dongosolo zomangamanga (stroygenplana), ndandanda ndipo mudziwe, amene amasonyeza mbali ya zomangamanga anapezazo, mafotokozedwe, chowaloleza. mwatsatanetsatane SNIP limasonyeza zili zolembedwa izi, akupereka chitukuko chiwembu zonse, zofunika, kupezeka zizindikiro zina ndi kuwerengetsera. Mwachidule mukhoza zimaonetsa midadada ntchito mawu generic kuimira masomphenya a tichipeza mu yomanga PPR. Chimene icho chiri, chimene tichipeza, muyenera kudziwa aja amene chitukuko, chifukwa aliyense wa zinthu zitatu zikuluzikulu za ntchito amaliza angapo zigawo zina za chikalatacho.

ndandanda ntchito

Ichi ndi mtundu wa pachimake pa chitsanzo cha BPD m'tsogolo, chifukwa cha chitukuko woyenera kudzadalira kudalirika ndi khalidwe la ntchito m'tsogolo, komanso bwino kukhazikitsa. PPR SNP pomanga momveka bwino kuti kalendala ndi chikalata kwambiri kwa polojekiti lonse, chifukwa amapereka ndondomeko ya ntchito, zomwe zimachititsa yomanga zambiri zomveka mu ndondomeko kuphedwa. Komanso zinayenda, sizinatchulidwe onse mawu, masiteji, nthawi ndondomeko ya ntchito. ndandanda wokonzeka limachititsa kupita pa kukhala chikalata yotsatira, omwe ali mbali ya chinthu cha polojekiti.

Kumanga mbuye dongosolo

Pa nthawi imeneyi, choyamba muyenera kuwerenganso ndi kusankha zosinthika ambiri abwino a gulu la malo omangapo nyumba, umene asang'ambe kuchepetsa ndalama za zomangamanga. Komanso stroygenplana cholinga chake ndi kulenga zinthu kukhazikitsa ntchito yomanga, amene amafunika chitetezo.

The dongosolo ayenera kudziwa malo a zomangamanga, atengedwa mu nkhani angapo nyumba ndi maofesi. Komanso, iwo ayenera kupatsidwa kwa erection nyumba zosakhalitsa mmalire a chitukuko koyenera kukhazikitsa ntchito yomangayi. Ntchito kachitidwe alipo zofunikira pafupi zomangamanga ndi chilengedwe cha mauthenga kwanthawi yochepa yomanga. Tikumbukenso kuti gulu la ntchito zidzakhala zomuthandiza mphamvu mizere kupereka madzi ndi ukhondo. kufunika A ukapezeka misewu, akuyendetsa galimoto lalikulu, nsanja Crane ndi yobereka zipangizo malo. Stroygenplana ayenera kupereka malo osungira zipangizo, otetezeka unsembe wa Crane ndi magulu ake pa malo malo, kuganiza kuti kukweza mbali ina ya malo tikukonza.

ofotokozera cholemba

N'kofunika kwambiri kuposa chigawo ena CPD. Kumanga nyumba akhoza ziyeneretso chitetezo, koma ndi drafting oyenera ndiponso ndi mawu ofotokozera wapangidwa ndi mfundo zofunika. Sizinatchulidwe makhalidwe onse, kupereka yomanga kwambiri. Sankhani angapo a chitetezo kuntchito. Ayenera muli mudziwe kuti yokonza ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.

Lili chikalata kulungamitsidwa m'madera zofunika, nyumba pa malo kulumikizana, kukweza makina, zipangizo, zipangizo, omwe chinanena mu dongosolo mbuye yomanga. Izo zimasonyeza bwinobwino mu cholemba kuwerengetsera zonse zomwe zikusonyeza kufunika, komanso zizindikiro chuma yomanga.