Project zolembedwa yomanga wa chinthu. The zikuchokera kapangidwe ndi kafukufuku zolembedwa

Zomangamanga ndi kumanga kumeneko momwe osauka anthu. mafakitale Awa ndi kusinthidwa ndipo zinthu zokondweretsa Yehova malinga ndi magawo ndi mibadwo. Kufunika kwa ogwira ntchito zomangamanga, monga okonza, mapulani, amaphunzitsidwa, oyeza, zinamvetsa mpaka nthawi ino. Onse ntchito pa mzere ntchito, likulu zomangamanga ntchito zogwirizana miyezo ndi zinthu luso erection nyumba. Project zolembedwa za ntchito yomanga chinthu imapereka yomanga yosafuna, atagona anapezazo ndi zochokera njira patsogolo.

The lamulo zikuchokera zikalata kapangidwe

chakuti mbali ya nkhani zovuta za zolembedwa kamangidwe, wofotokozedwa "Malamulo pa zikuchokera kapangidwe zolembedwa ndi zofunikira zina amanena."

Maonekedwe pansi nambala 87 anapanga February 2008, pafupifupi zambiri pa nkhani imeneyi ili Urban Planning Code, mu Gawo 48.

Mayiwo amapereka mlengi ambiri mogwirizana ndi kuti ntchito yomanga deta yaiwisi mmene muli chitukuko cha kamangidwe zolembedwa pa ntchito yomanga. deta Ofunika monga zoletsa mapulani m'matauni ndi zinthu monga mawu a Buku.

Kuchuluka kwa malamulowo

Terms ndi malamulo a chikalata alipo ntchito ngati olemera ntchito zolembedwa yomanga nyumbayo:

• Capital yomanga nyumba za mitundu yonse.
• Pa ena zigawo zina za zomangamanga Mwachitsanzo, tsankho kukhazikitsanso, kukonzanso ndi kukonza zina ndi nyumba.

Mitundu ya zinthu zimene kugwa pansi malamulowo

zinthu ndime kapangidwe ntchito kuti:

1. Industrial nyumba zikuphatikizapo nyumba zonse kwa kupanga mankhwala malinga, sali m'gulu mndandanda wa zinthu liniya.
2. Nyumba ya dera sanali zipatso, kugwera mu gulu la yamakolo, nyumba, banja ndi ntchito yomanga oyang'anira tauni.
3. nyumba mzere-mtundu zimawachitikira misewu, njanji, mapaipi, mphamvu mizere, mizere mpweya.

Kulekana kwa zolembedwa

Mogwirizana ndi makonzedwe a gulu la zikalata ikuchitika on:

• kapangidwe ndi chitukuko;
• ntchito kusodza.

Kutanthauzira mfundo osati magawo yokonza zikalata ntchito, iwo akuimilira waika zosiyanasiyana zolemba. Akamanena za gulu la ndondomeko mamangidwe pa siteji kuti zikalata zofunika ndi sunayambe mwakamodzi, ndipo malinga ndi magawo awiri.

Gawo loyamba "P"

The koyamba gawo ( "P" siteji) - polojekiti anavomerezedwa mu ambiri cholinga mawonekedwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zambiri njira. Anasankha mtundu wa nyumba, malo ake, kapangidwe ndi kukonza mapulani ndiponso njira kamangidwe, anaika njira yomanga atseka funso za ziwembu njira zamakono yomanga. Pa nthawi imeneyi mwachidule kafukufuku, anapatsidwa kufotokoza ambiri ntchito yomangayo.

phukusili wa zolembedwa chachikulu umamumvera ndondomeko Kupenda boma, lomwe ndi yongoyelekeza ndi ndemanga kuthana zolakwa za. Pambuyo kusintha kwa polojekiti lavomerezedwa kapena kukanidwa ndi makasitomala.

Chinthu wotsatira - "RP"

Gawo lachiwiri - "RP" - tichipeza mu kukafola mwa mamangidwe zambiri, limene lili ndi zolembedwa zambiri. njira zonse zodyerana ali mwatsatanetsatane. Zojambula Basic, kutengeramo sitepe "P" pogwiritsa ntchito mwatsatanetsatane decrypted zofunikila amacheka zina zachidule zokhudza mu mfundo za. Pa nthawi imeneyi, malinga ndi ambiri akuti ndalama m'dera ndi zina zolembedwa zambiri. Ntchito zikalata kusodza wotumidwa mwachindunji omanga pa malo, pepala siteji "P" asangalatsi si opatsirana.

Mwatsatanetsatane zolembedwa ndi kuti akuyendera ndondomeko ya kukonzanso kapena kumanga njira nzeru ndi yosafuna luso. Lamulo palibe zizindikiro pa ndondomeko ya chitukuko cha zithunzi ntchito ndi ndemanga lemba, kotero zolembedwa ntchito anatsimikiza zochokera amafuna makasitomala a. Investor kapena mapulogalamu n'kuona sheya adzaphatikizidwa asilikali ntchito, zochokera njira anakhumba granularity, pempho limeneli akusonyeza pamene popereka zojambula ntchito kuphedwa, cholanda nkhani pansi chitukuko ndi mgwirizano zolembedwa ntchito.

Mu chitukuko cha zolembedwa mu magawo awiri ali ubwino wake, amene pa choona kuti zosinthidwa kosamugonjera zonse za zolembedwa pa nkhani ya njira analephera, koma mbali chokha cha izo. Ngati kumanga kapena kumanganso chinthu zikuphatikizapo buku laling'ono, awiri siteji kapangidwe amaphatikizidwa mu wamba, pamene mavuto onse tatsimikiza yomweyo.

Kodi m'gulu zikuchokera yomaliza ya zolembedwa kapangidwe-bajeti?

Pamafunikanso ntchito ndi ntchito zolembedwa. Izi ndi kusiyana zazikulu magawo kamangidwe, pamene buku lomaliza chabe kusodza ntchito. Documents ndi wowonjezera wina ndi mnzake. Project zolembedwa kumangira zinthu za gulu likulu la sanali zipatso kapena mafakitale gulu zikuphatikizapo pepala, logwirizana ndi magulu khumi ndi ziwiri:

1. Kufuna bungwe la ntchito yomanga pamalowa.
2. Anatengera mapulani options yomanga.
3. Ofotokozera n'kulemba ntchito kunyumba.
4. Pulogalamu danga akukonzekera ndi njira kamangidwe.
5. Information Intaneti zomangamanga, zipangizo, mndandanda wa miyeso luso, kulungamitsidwa njira zamakono.
6. Zokha dongosolo magetsi Kulumikizana ndi okwanira.
7. Zojambula za dongosolo kugawa madzi.
8. Chiwembu zimbudzi kuyeretsedwa chipangizo.
9. Kutentha okwanira dongosolo, dongosolo la Kutentha ducts, mpweya danga mkati.
10. Location kulankhulana dongosolo.
11. mapaipi Natural mpweya ndi zida payipi.
12. kupanga luso ntchito, kutenga nkhani madongosolo pansi.
13. POS (gulu la yomanga).
14. Kufotokozera za njira dismantle nyumba analipo a gulu likulu.
15. List kwa njira yeniyeni pofuna kuteteza malo ozungulira.
16. Mndandanda wa ntchito chitetezo moto.
17. Zinthu structural wa nyumbayi kuti magawowa kayendedwe ka anthu olumala.
18. Mndandanda wa njira kutsatira kuthekera ndi kupereka mphamvu nyumba ndi chuma mamita ntchito.
19. Pafupifupi okwana m'dera ndi zogwirizana pa ntchito yomanga nyumba.
20. zikalata zina milandu wapadera.

Koyamba kapangidwe deta

Ku dipatimenti yoona mapulani ndi makasitomala kapena mapulogalamu a anamangidwira amati kalasi chinthu ndi kuvuta, malingana deta izi amakhazikitsa chiwerengero kupanga njira. Yomanga nthawi zimatengera mtundu zomangira Kuvuta, mitundu njira zamakono ndi luso, ntchito yoperekedwa ndi njira ntchito.

Deta koyamba monga zoletsa ndi specifications operekedwa ndi Urban Planning Code, ntchito yomanga amafuna makasitomala a, zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi magawo a mtengo yomanga. kapangidwe ndi kumanga ntchito wasenza ndi kuvomerezedwa mu harmonization wa Investor, kasitomala ndi mapulogalamu ndi nthumwi za mabungwe ambiri kamangidwe.

Project zolembedwa za ntchito yomanga chinthu lili mawu onena wasenza kutenga nkhani malangizo nyumba osonyezedwa mu SNP. zikhalidwe ambiri m'ndende tinapangidwa kukonza mapeto a zimenezi. The mtengo yomanga ndi kuchita masamu pa maziko a malamulo dziko abwino. Mu dzina la zomangamanga kakunena za ntchitoyi (kukhazikitsanso, kukonza, kumanga), ndi adiresi malo.

deta izi sasintha pamisinkhu onse a kamangidwe, ntchito ntchito ali ndi mayina ofanana.

Chiwerengero cha magawo kamangidwe, malingana ndi zovuta za chinthu

Kuvuta ntchito yomanga amakhudza kusankha chiwerengero cha magawo a kamangidwe:

• Pakuti nyumba ya magulu loyamba ndi lachiwiri la kamangidwe Kuvuta amapezeka mu gawo limodzi, wodziwika ndi dzina "RP" ntchito kusodza.
• Nyumba wosabereka amafuna pakhale cilamulo kapangidwe "EP" kusindikiza ndi liniya zinthu izi zikuimira mu luso chuma kuwerengetsera "wokonda", magulu onse amafunika siteji kutsirizitsa "RP".
• Pakuti chinthu a gulu lachitatu cha kapangidwe ntchitoyi ndi akupangidwa kaŵiri - Project "P" ndi ntchito zolembedwa "P".
• masiteji atatu amapereka nyumba wachinayi ndi magulu chachisanu Kuvuta kumaphatikizapo woyamba malingana kopita kwa gawo nyumba "EA" kapena "kuthekera Phunziro", ndiye mwatsatane "P" ndi "P".

Kamodzi ovomerezeka komanso adavomereza ndi siteji ya "EP", "wokonda", "kuthekera kuphunzira" ndi "P", iwo amakhala maziko wotsatira magawo chitukuko ntchito. Nthawi zina gawo kusankha Investor akhoza interchanged, ndipo chinthu choyamba ayenera kukhala chitukuko cha "P".

General mlengi pamodzi ndi makasitomala ali ndi ufulu kusintha chiwerengero cha magawo mwa njira negotiated. Pa chitukuko cha zigawo munthu wa ziwerengero ndi zikalata ntchito kukopedwa asangalatsi chopezeka ndi satifiketi ntchito zake, kapena nthawi zina, anthu ogwira ntchito zopanda umboni zimenezi. Iwo onse kuika anasaina awo pansi pa gawo zogwirizana wa ntchito, iwo mbiri yabwino ndi cholemba ofotokozera, chitsanzo muli mfundo ofotokozera. sitampu amavalidwa patsamba loyamba.

Zida masitepe onse anayamba opatsirana Investor kapena mapulogalamu onse mlengi mu mawonekedwe a media pepala, chiwerengero chawo ndi makope anayi. Ngati kugwira ntchito zinakhalira subproektanty, chiwerengero cha magazini kumawonjezera asanu.

Ikani zithunzi ntchito, zomwe akuyenera kuchita ntchito pantchitoyo ndi kukhala yomanga nyumba zingapo yemweyo, ndi kunditumiza ku quadruplicate ku chinthu chimodzi chokha, ndipo wotsalawo kuti analilembera miyeso iwiri. Ngati kapangidwe ndi osiyana, chinachake pa lililonse nyumba kwapatsidwa mwa makope anayi.

kuwerengetsera Engineering, chuma, maphunziro zachilengedwe, zomwe sayenera m'gulu Anatipatsa ntchito, deta zomangamanga kafukufuku ndipo akufufuza zasungidwa pa mlengi ambiri ndi extradited pa pempho la ntchito mapulogalamu zosakhalitsa. Pakuti ichi ndi pangano limene lili ndi mfundo za mgwirizano.

Ntchito za maphunziro zomangamanga

deta Engineering kafukufuku analandira chifukwa cha mtundu wapadera wa ntchito anachita isanayambe kamangidwe ka chinthu kuti kufufuza zinthu Geological pa malo a ntchito yomanga akufuna ndi madera ozungulira. Timaphunzira katundu wa nthaka, chinyezi wokhutira ndi mozama za ndime zake, ndi kuuluka yachigawo wapezeka zochitika chowawa.

Atafufuza chikachitika maganizo luso pa woyenerera wa nthaka m'dera pansi pomanga anakonza. Kuchita kafukufuku geotechnical pakati makasitomala ndi gulu apadera ndi mgwirizano kudziwa woyenerera wa nthaka. satifiketi limachititsa kupereka maganizo kuuzidwa pa katundu dothi.

Maziko a ntchito kafukufuku ndi malamulo ndi ndondomeko zolimbana ndi AIDS, wojambula alandira mawu a Buku ntchito, imene opatsirana mtunda malo dongosolo kumanga tsogolo, chilolezo kwa yomanga nyumba, dongosolo kupeza dziko ndi dongosolo nyumba nyumbayi. Engineering ntchito monga:

• Geological ndi opangidwa ndi ulamuliro;
• ndi kubala mphamvu nthaka pansi pa maziko ndi zapansi chipangizo;
• Tili ziyenera a kuthekera opangidwa masoka, kugumuka, zivomezi;
• akatunge kulungamitsa olembedwa ntchito pofuna kuteteza malo woopsawo;
• ankafufuza zigawo za malo ozungulira;
• imachitika hydrogeological yoyeza, miyala, cadastral Kafukufuku mu chimango cha zina erection, ntchito kapena kuchotsa nyumba.

maphunziro Engineering imachitika onse mmunda ndi zasayansi, Cholinga chake kuphunzira mabuku zinthu yomanga. Motero, zimenezi zikuoneka pambuyo deta kukonzedwa la phunzirolo. Kugwiritsa kumaphatikizapo pomanga adagona okonza maphunziro zokhudza 5-15% ya mtengo wa ntchito.

Ofotokozera Dziwani: chitsanzo kudzazidwa

gawo mapulani zikuphatikizapo ikulongosola za kumanga chinthu malo wachibale midzi yaikulu, gawo kukula, mawonekedwe ndi lathu pa mbali yake kuwala ali anasonyeza pafupi msewu. Malongosoledwe a mpumulo limasonyeza kutentha kwa ozizira ndi miyezi yotentha kwambiri. Written mvula, matalala katundu, mosavuta mphepo malangizo, kuya kwa yozizira koopsa nthaka, zomera.

Chigawo zotsatirazi - ambiri dongosolo - amadziwika pulani, malo ake chilengedwe, zofanana ndi ukhondo ndi malamulo ukhondo, kuchotsa msewu ndi kapangidwe pafupi, malo a kulowa. mapu limasonyeza Roza Vetrov. Ndiye kuti zinchito mabacteria gawo zonse monga misewu, pabwalo hardware, olowa zosangalatsa m'deralo, gazebos, m'madera wopalidwa, zinthu mapulani, ndi zina zotero. D. ankaimira mbewu zonse kutentha ndi anasonyeza mitengo alipo.

Kufotokozera za nyumba anayamba kukwera, ndi mafotokozedwe a denga, malinga ndi zinthu zina walling, kusonyeza mtundu wa chimango, ofukula ndi yopingasa kulankhulana, makwerero, ndi kusankha mapulani. Mukhale specifications zofunikira apansi onse zipinda cholinga ndi umboni wa m'deralo. Limasonyeza chiwerengero cha zolowetsa ndi zotuluka ya mlathowo njira, mwadzidzidzi achoke, mipata moto.

Kumasulira kwa zipinda zonse zamkati kokha nyumba, chuma ndi wothandiza kusonyeza pakhoma, kudenga kapena pansi chophimba. Mokakamizidwa tikunena kudzaza zenera ndi khomo mipata.

Kunja mapeto amakhala osati chuma komaliza, komanso kuti mumakhala wosanjikiza pa, chimango kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwake, chidwi linaperekedwa kwa kuwamaliza kapu.

Kandalama gawo limafotokoza mafupa volumetric njira, chifukwa chinthu chimodzimodzi mbali amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi zinthu anasonyeza kuzinthu chonyamulira ndi mizati.

Pofotokoza kuya maziko atagona akusonyeza kuti zosiyanasiyana m'madera nkhani m'munsi mwa thupi, ndi kudzaza armature. Limafotokoza zinthu kunja ndi mkati makoma, madenga, simenti, kudenga.

Kumapeto kwa zolemba za ofotokozera Kwalamulidwa chipangizo zofunikira za mitundu yonse, mwachindunji nkhani ya mipope, adaputala azamagetsi, amapereka dzina ndi misewu ŵakwenera dongosolo.

Pomaliza, ayenera kuti makasitomala ambiri ndi kutukula a m'nyumba ndalama ndi ntchito buku ndi kukula si zochuluka mndandanda wa zojambula ndi kuwerengetsera. Pa malo ntchito ndalama ndi zoonekeratu, koma magawo wotsatira, makamaka ntchito ya omanga pa malo, vuto lenileni. womanga mayankho a mafunso malo mwini kuti mapulogalamu adzakhala kufufuza yankho kapena kulamula Zojambula zina kachiwiri.