Pulezidenti wa Canada Stephen Harper: biography, zochitika zadziko ndi ndale

Stephen Harper (wobadwa pa 30 April, 1959) ndi wandale wa ku Canada, 22 Nduna Yaikulu ya Canada ndi mtsogoleri wa Conservative Party. Chigonjetso chake mu chisankho chachikulu mu Januwale 2006 chinatha zaka khumi ndi ziwiri za kukhazikitsidwa kwa boma ndi Party Party. Komanso, akuluakulu a boma la Canada adapereka mwayi kwa a Liberals mu chisankho cha 2015, kusokoneza nthawi ya zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri za Harper monga mkulu wa boma.

Chiyambi, ubwana ndi zaka za kuphunzira za Stephen Harper

Kodi chikhalidwe chake chimachokera kuti? Stephen Joseph Harper anabadwira ku Toronto, banja la compactant wa kampani ya mafuta ya Imperial Oil. Iye anali ndi abale awiri aang'ono. Stefano poyamba adapezekapo pagulu, ndiyeno sukulu yapadera, momwe adayamba kukhala ndi chidwi ndi ndale, ndikukhala m'gulu la "achinyamata omasuka", omwe akutsatira nduna yaikulu yotchuka ya Canada ya 70-80s. Pierre Trudeau. Atamaliza maphunziro ake mu 1978, analowa ku yunivesite ya Toronto.

Komabe, maphunziro ake sanagwire ntchito, ndipo miyezi ingapo, Stephen Steper wa zaka 19 anasamukira m'chigawo cha Alberta kukagwira ntchito ku kampani yomweyi monga mafuta ake. Kenaka adalowa mu Economics Department ya University of Calgary, ataphunzira kumeneko asanapeze digiri ya bachelor.

Chiyambi cha ntchito zandale

Inachitika mu 1985. Zonsezi zinayamba ndi ntchito ya wothandizira pulezidenti, a Hawks odziletsa. Zaka zingapo, msilikali wathu amakhala mmodzi mwa iwo omwe adayambitsa bungwe la Canada Reform Party. Ndipo kale mu 1988, Pulezidenti Stefano Stephen Harper adayamba kukonzekera chisankho ku Nyumba ya Malamulo a Paraguiso ku Canada kuchokera ku phwandoli. Atagonjetsedwa pa chisankho ichi, adayambanso kugwira ntchito monga wothandizira wotsogoleli wadziko. Panthawi imeneyi, Harper Stefano anapitiriza maphunziro ake ku Calgary, ndipo anakhala mu 1993 mtsogoleri wa zachuma. Potsiriza, anayesa kamodzinso kuti asankhe pulezidenti chaka chomwecho mu 1993 kuti adzikhala m'dera la Calgary-West kuchokera ku Reform Party, ndipo kuyesa kumeneku kunapindula bwino.

Kuchokera kwa okonzanso - kupita kwa ovomerezeka

Atatha zaka zitatu ku Parliament, Harper Stephen anakhumudwitsidwa ndi ndondomeko yomwe adayang'aniridwa ndi atsogoleri a Reform Party, ndipo adati sadzakhala nawo pa chisankho cha pulezidenti. Iye sankakonda kukondweretsa kosavomerezeka kosavomerezeka m'ndale za ndale, makamaka kutsutsa thandizo la maukwati ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mu 1997, modzipereka anasiya pulezidenti ndipo adakhala pulezidenti wadziko la bungwe lovomerezeka "National Coalition of Citizens." Mu 2002, adabwerera ku Nyumba ya Msonkhano wa Pulezidenti atatha kusintha bungwe la Reform Party kukhala mgwirizano wa Canada, kutsogolera otsutsana ndi ufulu wadzikoli. Mu 2003, adatsogolera mgwirizano pakati pa Progressive Conservative Party ndi Canadian Alliance ndipo anasankhidwa pulezidenti wa Party yotchedwa Conservative Party ya Canada. Mu February 2006, atapambana pa chisankho cha pulezidenti, dzikoli linalowetsedwa ndi Pulezidenti wa Canada Stephen Harper.

Pulogalamu ya nduna yoyamba

Pulezidenti Stefano Harper adapereka pulezidenti pulogalamu ya boma ya mfundo zazikulu zisanu. Iwo anali:

• Kuonjezera mphamvu yothetsera umphawi wamba mwa kusintha ndondomeko ya akaidi omwe ali m'ndende kwa zaka zisanu kapena khumi. Kwa omwe adatsutsidwa ndi zigawenga zogwiritsa ntchito zida, choletsedwa cha parole. Kwa akaidi omwe adagwira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chiganizocho, ngati ali ndi khalidwe labwino, kuthekera kwa kukonzanso kunaperekedwa.
• Kuyeretsedwa kwa boma ndi maderalo kuchokera ku ziphuphu pamakhazikitso a Chilamulo cha Udindo, zomwe zinaphatikizapo kuletsedwa kwa zopereka zachinsinsi pofuna anthu ofuna ndale.
• Kuchepetsa msonkho wa msonkho kwa ogwira ntchito, potsata kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa msonkho pa katundu ndi ntchito (GST) kuyambira 7 mpaka 5%.
• Kuwonjezera ndalama za boma pa chithandizo cha ana powapatsa thandizo lachuma kwa makolo a sukulu zachinyamata ndikukulitsa maukonde a ana a sukulu.
• Kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa inshuwalansi ya mankhwala (Medicare) pogwiritsa ntchito kuchepetsa nthawi zodikira mankhwala.

Kuwonjezera pazigawo zisanu izi, Pulezidenti wa Canada a Stephen Harper pulogalamuyi adakonza zoti pakhale ndalama zambiri, kuthetsa vuto la ngongole ya anthu, kukana kubwereza malamulo ochotsa mimba ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kulimbitsa udindo wa French-speaking Quebec monga gawo lalikulu la Canada powapatsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha boma.

Kusankhidwa

Mu chisankho chachikulu mu October 2008, Harper's Conservative Party inagonjetsa 37,63% ya voti; Ngakhale kuti bungwe lalikulu la otsutsa la otsutsa linalandira 26.22% ya voti. Choncho, Stefano Harper adapambana chisankho ndipo adasankhidwanso pa nthawi yachiwiri monga nduna yayikulu.

Mu 2008, unali chaka chachuma chachuma padziko lonse m'zaka za zana lotsiriza. Panthawi yake yachiŵiri monga Pulezidenti, Bambo Harper ndi boma lake anagwira ntchito mwakhama pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti dziko la Canada likuyendetsa bwino chuma. Pulezidenti adathandizanso kuti ntchito za Canada zikhazikitsidwe komanso kulimbikitsanso kutchuka kwa dziko lonse. Kuti izi zitheke, dziko la Canada lidachita masewera a Olympic ndi a Paralympic mu 2010, mitu ya G8 ndi G20.

Pambuyo pa chisankho chomwe bungwe la UN Security Council linagamula pa March 18, 2011, lomwe linapatsa chilolezo chochita ntchito zankhondo ku Libya, ngati asilikali a ku Liberia akanaukira olamulira, boma la Canada linanena kuti ndege yake ya CF-18 idzapitirizabe kuthandiza dziko la Libya.

Pa March 25, 2011, Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku Canada inadalira boma la Harper, ndipo anthu 156 a zipani zotsutsa adatsutsa chifukwa cha kusakhulupirika kwawo, pamene anthu 145 a chipani chowatsutsa adatsutsa. Chotsatira chake, tsiku lotsatira (March 26), Harper adalengeza kuyitanitsa chisankho cha pulezidenti.

Udindo wachitatu

Pa May 2, 2011 Harper wa Conservative Party adapambana chisankho choyambirira, ndipo iye mwini adasankhidwa kukhala wodindo wamkulu wachitatu; Pa maulendo ake atatu otsatizana, anali oyamba omwe Conservatives analandira unyinji wambiri.

Pulezidenti wa Conservative adalandira voti 39.62% ndipo 166 mwazidindo 308 omwe amapanga Nyumba ya Malamulo a Canada, pamene New Democratic Party (yomwe inati ndi mphamvu yaikulu yotsutsa) inalandira 30,63% ya voti ndi azidindo 103. Bungwe la Liberal linalandira 18,91% ya voti ndipo ndi azidindo 34 okha, omwe anali zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri m'mbiri yake, ndipo motero anagonjetsedwa ku malo achitatu. Bungwe la Independence Party la Quebec linatenga gawo lachinai mu chisankho, kulandira 6.04% ya voti ndi azinayi anayi. Bungwe la Green Party la Canada (azakhazikika) anabwera chachisanu pachisanu ndi 3.91% ya voti ndi wotsogolera mmodzi.

Nkhondo yotsutsa "dziko la Islamic" ndi zotsatira zake

Mu 2014, Canada inatumiza asilikali ku Iraq kuti amenyane ndi IGIL. Pa October 22, 2014, mnyamata wina wa ku Islamist wa ku Canada anaukira ndi kupha msilikali yemwe akudikirira chikumbutso ku Ottawa, pafupi ndi nyumba yamalamulo ya Canada. Kenaka msilikali wina anapha msilikali mmodzi ndipo anavulaza wina m'chigawo cha Quebec. Chochitikacho chinaphatikizapo ndi kutumiza ku Quebec kwa asilikali asanu ndi limodzi a ku Canada ku Kuwait kuti alowe nawo mgwirizano wapadziko lonse umene unachitikira mabomba omwe anagwidwa ndi IGIL ku Iraq.

Kugonjetsedwa mu chisankho cha 2015

Pamsankho wa Pulezidenti wotsatira womwe unachitikira pa August 2, Harper's Conservative Party inapeza mipando 99 ku nyumba yamalamulo (motsutsana ndi 166 pamsonkhano wapitawo) ndipo adatsutsidwa ndi chipani cha Liberal chotsogoleredwa ndi Justin Trudeau. Pulezidenti wakale wa Canada Stephen Harper adabweranso ku "mabenchi" kumsonkhano wa pulezidenti ndipo akupitiriza ntchito ya pulezidenti ngati mmodzi mwa atsogoleri a otsutsa.

Mfundo za moyo waumwini

Stephen Harper wakwatiwa ndi Lauren Tiskey kuyambira 1993. Ali ndi ana awiri: Benjamini ndi Rakele. Pulezidenti wakale ndi wotsutsa wa hockey. Ndipo ngakhale adafalitsa zolemba za kukula kwake ku Canada, makamaka ku Toronto.

Zomwe ena amakonda, amadziwa kuti ali ndi zolemba zambiri za vinyl ndipo ndiwopseza kwambiri ma Beatles ndi AC / DC.

Popeza Harper sakhala nduna yayikulu, banja lake linasamukira ku malo ake okhalako - ku Calgary (m'chigawo cha Alberta), kumene amapita ku nyumba yamalamulo nthawi zonse.