Sentimentalism mabuku, mbali yake yaikulu ndi owayimilira

Mawu akuti "sentimentalism" (tilinazo) pa luso maganizo amatchedwa kugogomeza underpinnings maganizo a mitundu yonse moyo. Sentimentalism mabuku ukufanizidwa ndi mbadwo wonse wa amisiri onse Western ndi Russian mawu, ngakhale kuti nthawi ya wake unatha yochepa nthawi - kuchokera 18 oyambirira kwa m'ma 19. Malo mtundu wanyimbo zolembalemba ndi United Kingdom. Zinali pano kumapeto kwa khumi chachiwiri cha m'ma 18 anabadwa ndi linayamba kupezeka owerenga ambiri "Zinayi Nyengo" ndi James Thomson. Izi ntchito zolembalemba wopangidwa mwa ndakatulo zingapo m'mbuyomu anthuwo poona kuti anthu kukonda dziko owazungulira. Aliyense ndakatulo limasonyeza kuti owerenga dziko zodabwitsa za thambo akumidzi ndi kukongola kwa mitunda dziko.

Thomson anatenga ndodo mwachangu, kutsogolera wolemba English Thomas Gray mu elegy wake "Rural manda". wolemba anayesanso chidwi owerenga ndi malongosoledwe a chikhalidwe, kukamuukitsa chikondi mwa iye kapena chifundo kwa anthu ophweka m'mudzi wamba amene amakhala kungoyankha ndi poseŵenzela zabwino za banja ndi dziko. kugwira ntchito iliyonse chinamulowerera mawunikidwe Gray pa moyo wa anthu a m'midzi, omwe aipatsa khalidwe abwino ndiponso melancholic. Sentimentalism mabuku mosasintha kugwirizana ndi mayina a Laurence Sterne ( "chimatsogoleredwa Ulendo") ndi Samuel Richardson ( "Clarissa Harlowe"). The chachiwiri sanalembe za chibadwa, tanthauzo la ntchito yake ndi kufotokoza zilembo zosiyanasiyana, komanso tsogolo la eni wawo. Richardson mochenjera anapanga mu nthawi yake yonse pamwamba English anthu akuusa moyo ndi nkhawa, chikondi ndi kudana ndi zilembo zazikulu za ntchito zake.

Sentimentalism mabuku French kugwirizana ndi analenga Zhana Zhaka Rousseau ndi Jacques de A Saint-Pierre. Mothandizidwa ndi maganizo chimatsogoleredwa olemba English analenga ntchito monga "The Life of Marianne", "New Eloise", "Paulo neri Virginie". Mu mabuku a olemba French a za m'ma 18 chimakhala chogwidwa ndi osakaniza chimatsogoleredwa otchulidwa amaganiza ndi limakhala lokongola: m'mapaki m'tauni, nyanja nkhalango ndi mitsinje. Makamaka kutali mu kutsatira zolembalemba akubwera de A Saint-Pierre, kusuntha buku la zilembo zazikulu 'Paulo neri Virginie' kutali South Africa. Wowerenga za ntchito zake zikuoneka banjali m'chikondi achinyamata okhala kutali ndi chifunga m'tauni ndipo amangokhala ali pikitipikiti, yekha ndi chikhalidwe chake namwali ndi maganizo odzipereka.

Sentimentalism mabuku Russian kumaonekera yekha pa zaka zotsirizira za m'ma 18, pamene anauziridwa ndi ntchito za Goethe, Richardson ndi Russo Nikolay Karamzin analemba wake "Makalata a Traveler Russian". Tikumbukenso kuti m'tsogolo Karamzin anapeza dazeni akutsanza, onse m'zaka za m'ma 19, ndipo patapita zaka zambiri. ntchito yake "Osauka Liza" ndi lodabwitsa weniweni wa Russian chimatsogoleredwa prose. Nkhani ya wosauka, adzawasocheretsa munthu mtsikana anapambana mitima ya anthu masauzande ambiri owerenga. Alexander Izmailov, motsogozedwa ndi buku analemba mu 1801, wake "Osauka Masha", Ivan Svechinskaya - "Henrietta" (1802). Mbali yaikulu ya sentimentalism Russian ndi:

• mwambo mwa zimamvekera, ndi predominance kumva pa chifuniro cha munthu;
• kuchuluka kwa dziko lamkati la m'nkhaniyi;
• kudzipereka kwa zolinga mkulu wa ngwazi, kufufuza kwawo Kwamuyaya malingaliro weniweni.

Cholinga cha Russian sensuous prose anali kulenga chinenero ndakatulo, yemwe ankayenera kuti m'malo akale ndi kuleza grandiloquent chinenero yokha izzhivshemu olemekezeka. Mwatsoka kapena mwamwayi, izi sizinachitike. Ndi 1820, Russian sentimentalism kwathunthu wotopa yokha ndi zolinga zake akhalabe padera.

Lero, azambiriyakale ambiri olemba mbiri yakale komanso luso amakonda kukhulupirira kuti chimatsogoleredwa zolembalemba kayendedwe anali kokha siteji m'kupita mu chitukuko cha mabuku padziko lonse ambiri. Sentimentalism mu mabuku a za m'ma 18 anali siteji Transitional ku classicism kuti romanticism. Kukhala pamapeto pake zosafunika, iye wotopa yokha, n'kutsegula njira yatsopano azimuth zolembalemba.