Sergei Dovlatov, wolemba: moyo ndi ntchito

Sergei Dovlatov - wolemba amene inanenedwa ndi iye pamene wake wonse. nkhani m'nyimbo m'mabuku ake anakhala autobiography chenicheni.

Leningrad

Mu Leningrad banja ed Donat Mechik mu chaka choyamba cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anali ndi mwana, amene anatenga dzina la Dovlatov ina. Wolemba, amene anali mmodzi wa ambiri Werengani olemba wa zaka zapitazi, zaka zoyambirira za moyo wake anakhala mu Ufa. Iye anatumikira mu dera, ntchito mu Leningrad yaikulu makope nyuzipepala, anali mlembi ndi kutumikira ngati kalozera. Mu tinkasangalalira iye kulemba nkhani. Komabe, palibe mabuku Dovlatov sanali lofalitsidwa mu Leningrad. Monga Komabe, mu mzinda wina uliwonse mu Soviet Union.

Sergei Dovlatov - woyambitsa amene prose, monga moyo, ndi zonse za chisoni ndi kudziona Izitu n'zovutitsa. The kulemba munthu sangathe kusiya ntchito zolembalemba, chifukwa ndi mbali yofunika linakhalapo. Koma ngati munthu amene ali mu dziko la mawu, chinthu ankakonda sasamalira nkhani m'munsi, iye akuona kuti vuto. Njira kusiya zimenezi chifukwa Dovlatov anakhala emigration.

NY

A dziko chosiyana anaona izi American mzinda wolemba Dovlatov. yonena lili zaka khumi anakhala ku ukapolo. zaka izi, anagwira ntchito mtolankhani wa m'buku yapamwamba ntchito pa Chirasha wailesi otchuka, ndipo pamene zinafika kutchuka. Za ntchito yake flatteringly kwambiri m'nthawi chachikulu: Kurt Vonnegut, Irving Hau, Victor Nekrasov, Vladimir Voinovich. Dovlatova mabuku khumi afalitsidwa kunja. Ambiri a iwo ngakhale pa moyo wake m'Chingelezi, German ndi zinenero zina.

Anamwalira iye ophimba pa "thandizo". A mamita ochepa kuchipatala. Imfa yosayembekezereka anali ndi mlandu chifukwa cha kusasamala, ndi mphamvu yoyenera analibe inshuwalansi, ndi tsogolo. Sergei Dovlatov - Mu mmodzi wa olemba ambiri osindikizidwa lerolino chipatala pabwalo anafera osauka. Wolemba Igor Efimov ananena za iye kamodzi: "Anafa wa kudana kwakukulu kwa iye." Polemekeza emigrant wotchuka wotchedwa wina wa mumzinda wa New York.

"Zone"

Mlembi wa nkhani imeneyi m'kalata yake ina kuti wofalitsa kamodzi ananena kuti zochitika zomwe anapanga maziko ake, kuti anakonzeratu tsogolo la kulemba wake. Munthu wamkulu wojambula pamene iye amatha kuchotsa zithunzi ndi storylines ku phompho mdima.

Monga wachinyamata, mmodzi wa alembi ndimaikonda Dovlatov anali Ernest Hemingway. Mwachionekere, mchikakamizo cha zapamwamba American ndi dziko anapanga wapadera dovlatovskogo kalembedwe: Kuzindikira, kufupika, kusowa mafanizo. Komabe, monga wolemba anati, "Zone", monga iye ankafuna kuti akhale yekha Chekhov. anthu wamba ndi zinthu zimene anapeza okha, chidwi iye kuposa china chilichonse.

Buku "Zone" komanso ntchito zina, anali woyamba lofalitsidwa mu United States. Buku - kuonetseredwa kwa dziko chigawenga, amene anaona yekha Dovlatov. Wolemba anapereka zochitika mu mtundu wa kalembedwe wachisokonezo. Ntchito woyang'anira, adaona zoopsa ndi absurdity wa dziko Mudali. Koma anali wokhoza kuti akapereke zonse zomwe ndinaona pa pepala chabe, popanda pathos. Chimwemwe, zosangalatsa, chimwemwe, kupsa mtima, dumbo - Magulu onsewa alipo m'madera onse. Ndipo kaya iwo ali mamembala a izo - zigawenga kapena nzika zabwino. Mu mpaka yosavuta zambiri angakhale chimwemwe ndi chiyembekezo munthu amene anatembenuka mu ndende zinthu subhuman, inu mukhoza kuwona mtundu wa absurdity. Koma Sergei Donatovich Choncho kukhala mlembi, iye anatha kuganizira nthawi fano tingachipeze powerenga za "munthu wamng'ono."

"Reserve"

Sergei Dovlatov - wolemba, amene mabuku akhala mbali ya tsoka lake. Olemba ambiri amene ali m'badwo wake anadwala tsoka chisoni. Iwo losadziwika kwawo, anakhalako zaka pafupifupi mu umphawi, kuzunzidwa ndi KGB. Koma ntchito Dovlatov, ngakhale kulasa onse tsoka, zinapatsira ndi lyricism ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha prose wake.

Mu zaka zochepa chabe ndisanachoke Dovlatov ntchito mu Pushkin Reserve, m'chigawo Pskov. mabuku ake sali kusindikizidwa. Panalibe kuthandizapo. Koma ntchito anauziridwa ndi namulondola wolembayo kuti kulenga wina buku autobiographical, ndi ubiquitous "Munthu pang'ono."

Mu kaonedwe zachilendo, wolemba ananena za "Reserve" wa khalidwe lawo. Iwo lofunika kwambiri pa nkhope ya zazing'ono ngwazi Ivan Mihalych: anthu kumwa, koma mfulu, monga botolo si kusonkhanitsa rents. Wokongola fano la woledzera mudzi eccentric umunthu wa m'deralo achinyamata okhaokha, zosasangalatsa, koma osapita m'mbali ina udindo wa membala wa KGB. Ndipo zonse izi ndi maziko a kwanu kukupitirira zokhuzana ndi kulekanitsidwa banja. Izi ndi zodabwitsa mphatso Dovlatov: kofunika kuti asalembe, ndi kuyankhula, ndi chosavuta - bwino.