Shinto ndi chiyani? The zipembedzo za makolo a Japan

Zomwe chipembedzo mu Japan ali otsatira kwambiri? Ndi zovuta dziko ndi chachikale chinkawavuta kwambiri zikhulupiriro otchedwa Shinto. Monga chipembedzo chilichonse, Kutacha, izo yophatikiza zinthu kulambira ndi malingaliro akamabadwa a mitundu ina. Koma ayenera kuti Shinto kudakali kutali kwambiri ndi Chikristu. Inde, zikhulupiriro zina zimene zimatchedwa Abulahamu. Koma Shinto - sikungokhudza kulambira makolo. Maganizo a chipembedzo ku Japan adzakhala zosabvuta kwambiri. Izi si animism, ngakhale okhulupirira Shinto anapangidwa zochitika zachilengedwe ndipo ngakhale zinthu. maganizo amenewa ndi zovuta ndi woyeneradi kuliphunzira. M'nkhaniyi tiona mwachidule kulongosola zimene Shinto. Mu Japan, pali Zochita zina. Monga Shinto interacts ndi zipembedzo izi? kaya nawo chidani, kapena tikhoza kunena za ena syncretism achipembedzo? Phunzirani ichi, kuwerenga nkhani.

Origin ndi codification ya Shinto

Animism - kukhulupirira kuti zinthu zina ndi zochitika za chilengedwe spiritualized - kwakhalapo mu mitundu yonse pa siteji zina za chitukuko. Koma kenako mipatuko kulambira mitengo, miyala ndi Dzuŵa litayamba anali anataya. Maganizo chipembedzo cha anthu ankatembenukira kwa milungu omwe amalamulira mphamvu za chilengedwe. Izo zinachitika kulikonse m'mitundu yonse. Koma osati mu Japan. Pali animism anapulumuka mwina zikutsatiridwa ndi metaphysically otukuka, ndipo anakhala maziko a chipembedzo cha boma. mbiri Shinto akuyamba ndi kutchula koyamba m'buku lakuti "Nihongi". Mu Nkhani imeneyi kwa zaka za m'ma chitatu, limatiuza za Japanese Mfumu Yōmei (analamulira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma chimodzi ndi chiwiri). The anati kwa mfumu "ankati Chibuda ndipo Shinto ulemu." Mwachibadwa, m'dera lililonse ka Japan unali mzimu wake, Mulungu. Komanso, m'madera ena akulemekezedwa dzuwa, pamene ena ankakonda magulu ena kapena zochitika za chilengedwe. Pamene m'nthawi ya chitatu, dziko anayamba kukumana ndi ndondomeko ya centralization andale, funso wa codification a zipembedzo zonse ndi miyambo.

canonization nthano

dziko adalunzanitsidwa pansi pa ulamuliro wa mkulu wa dera katundu wa Yamato. Kotero pamwamba pa Japanese "Olympus" anali mulungu Amaterasu, kuzindikiridwa ndi dzuwa. Iye ananena mayi wa kulamulira m'banja lachifumu. milungu ina yonse pachikhalidwe m'munsi. Mu 701, ulamuliro wa utsogoleri "Jingi-Kan" ngakhale unakhazikitsidwa Japan, omwe ndi kuyang'anira kupita mipatuko dziko ndi miyambo ya chipembedzo. GEMM Mfumukazi mu 712 analamula kuti akonzedwa zikhulupiriro zinalili mu dziko. Choncho amafotokoza "Kojiki" ( "Records zochita starinyi"). Koma buku chachikulu, sipangakhalenso poyerekeza ndi Baibulo la zipembedzo Abrahamu (Chiyuda, Chikhristu ndi Chisilamu), chifukwa Shinto anakhala "Nihon Shoki" - "Annals of Japan analembedwa ndi burashi." akonzedwa Izi nthano za linapangidwa mu 720 ndi gulu la akuluakulu motsogozedwa ndi G-koma Yasumaro ndi nawo mwachindunji Toneri Prince. zikhulupiriro onse anabweretsa mu mgwirizano. Komanso, mu "Nihon Shoki" zochitika m'mbiri komanso kuwauza za malowedwe a chilumba Japanese Chibuda, Chinese ndi Korea wolemekezeka mabanja.

kupembedza mizimu ya makolo

Ngati tikambirana funso "Kodi Shinto", pali silinena kuti ndi kulambira mphamvu za chilengedwe. N'kofunika mu chipembedzo miyambo ya Japan masewero mwambo wa makolo. Mu Shinto palibe mfundo chipulumutso mwa Chikhristu. Mizimu ya anthu akufa kukhala wosaoneka pakati pa amoyo. Iwo ali ponseponse ndipo zakhala zikuchitika zinthu zonse. Komanso, iwo kutenga mbali kwambiri pa nthaka zinthu. Monga mu dongosolo landale la Japan, mbali yofunika kwambiri mu zochitika za sewerolo mizimu ya anthu akufa makolo lachifumu. Nthawi zambiri, mu Shinto palibe mzere pakati pa anthu ndi kami. Yotsirizira - mizimu kapena milungu. Koma iwo achotsedwa mu mkombero wosatha wa moyo. Anthu akafa akhoza kukhala kami, ndi mizimu - kwa thupi mu thupi. Mawu "Shinto" tichipeza zilembo ziwiri, lomwe limatanthauza kuti "njira ya Mulungu." Apita njira imeneyi amapatsidwa kwa nzika iliyonse Japan. Pambuyo Shinto - osati chipembedzo dziko. Iye alibe chidwi wolalikira - ndi kufalitsa ziphunzitso zake pakati pa mitundu. Mosiyana ndi Chikhristu, Chisilamu kapena Chibuda, Shintoism - chipembedzo cha Japanese koyera.

Mfundo zikuluzikulu

Choncho, ambiri a zochitika za chilengedwe, ndipo ngakhale zinthu ndi chofunikira wauzimu wotchedwa kami. Nthawi zina amakhala ku chinthu iliyonse, koma nthawi zina amapezeka mu umunthu wa Mulungu. Pali Kami-ogula malo ndipo ngakhale genera (udzigami). Ndiye iwo amachita makolo a moyo - ndi mtundu wa "angelo mtetezi" ana awo. Kuyenera otchulidwa wina kusiyana lofunika Shinto zipembedzo zina dziko. Pamafunika pang'ono ndithu chiphunzitso cha malo. Choncho zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kulongosola mawu a mwambo wa chipembedzo umene Shinto. Nkofunika ortho-Dox (kumasulira koona), ndipo ortho-praxia (zolondola mchitidwe). Choncho, anthu Japanese samapereka chidwi kwambiri zamulungu zimenezi ndi kutsatira miyambo. Kuti iwo apirira pafupifupi zikutsatiridwa kwa nthawi pamene anthu ankachita onse a zamatsenga, totemism ndi fetishism.

Mbali zikuyenela

Shinto - chipembedzo mwamtheradi si dualistic. Mu inu sadzapeza mu Chikhristu, kulimbana pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa. Japanese "ashi" - si mtheradi zoipa. Ndi zikuoneka kuti chinachake zoipa, amene bwino kupewa. Sin - tsumi - wosachita mtundu abwino. Zimenezi, amene amadana ndi anthu. Tsumi kusintha umunthu. "Choncho" zimatsutsana ndi "Yoshi", amenenso si zabwino mtheradi. Ndi zonse zabwino ndi zothandiza, chifukwa tiyenera kuyesetsa. Choncho kami palibe mfundo za makhalidwe abwino. Iwo sizigwirizana ndi mzake, kubisa ndi kusunga mkwiyo akale. Pali kami kuwalamulira zinthu kupha - zivomezi, tsunami, mphepo. Ndi ferocity alili awo Mulungu sichikwiya ang'onoang'ono. Koma kwa Japanese kutsatira "njira ya milungu" (wotchedwa Shinto lalifupi) ndi machitidwe otere. M'pofunika amalemekeza kwambiri achikulire ndi zaka, kukhala wokhoza kukhala mu mtendere ndi ofanana ulemu mogwirizana pakati pa mwamuna ndi chikhalidwe.

Lingaliro la dziko lakunja

Chilengedwe sichinapangidwe Mlengi wabwino. Mwa chisokonezo anatuluka kami, amene ena siteji analenga zilumba Japanese. Shinto la Japan limaphunzitsa kuti thambo anakonza molondola, ngakhale ayi wabwino. Ndipo chinthu chachikulu mu izo - mu dongosolo. Zoipa - ndi matenda amene adya malamulo anakhazikitsa. Choncho, wamakhalidwe abwino ayenera kupewa zofooka, mayesero ndi maganizo osayenera. Iwo akhoza kumubweretsa kwa tsumi. Sin osati kusokoneza moyo munthu wabwino, koma ankagwiritsanso iye pariah anthu. Ndipo izi kwa Japanese - chilango choopsa. Koma wabwino mtheradi ndi zoipa kulibe. Kusiyanitsa "chabwino" ndi "zoipa" mu vuto linalake, munthu ayenera kukhala ndi "mtima ngati galasi" (mokwanira adzaweruza zenizeni) osati kuswa wogwirizana ndi mulungu (kulemekeza mwambo). Choncho akupanga chopereka kwa mtendere wa chilengedwe chonse.

Shinto ndi Chibuda

Chinthu china chosiyana a chipembedzo Japanese - syncretism modabwitsa. Chibuda anayamba kudutsa pa chilumba cha m'ma chimodzi. Iye anali ndi manja aŵiri ndi anthu apamwamba m'dera. N'kosavuta kuti ingoganizani chipembedzo mu Japan anakopa kwambiri mapangidwe Shinto mwambo. Poyamba ananena kuti pali kami - woyang'anira wa Chibuda. Kenako ndinayamba kucheza ndi mizimu Bodhidharma. Posachedwapa, Shinto akachisi anayamba kuwerenga sutras Chibuda. M'zaka za m'ma chinayi kwa nthawi yaitali ziphunzitso za Gautama ndi ankawunikiridwa wina anali ku Japan monga chipembedzo cha boma. Nthawiyi adasandulika kulambira Shinto. Mu makachisi panali zithunzi za bodhisattvas ndi Buddha yekha. Ankakhulupirira kuti kami, komanso anthu akufunika kupulumutsidwa. Komanso, pali ziphunzitso m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo - Ryobu Cinta ndi tirigu-Shinto.

Shinto kachisi

milungu safuna kukhala nyumba. Choncho, akachisi - uyu si kunyumba kami. Ndi m'malo malo wokhulupirika kusonkhanitsa kubwera kwa kulambira. Koma podziwa chimene Shinto, sikutheka anayerekezera mwambo Japanese kachisi ndi mpingo wa Chiprotestanti. Mu nyumba zazikulu, honden kusungidwa "kami thupi" - Xingtai. Izi kawirikawiri chizindikiro ndi dzina la mulungu. Koma pakhoza kukhala zikwi Xingtai mu makachisi ena. mapemphero honden sali m'gulu. Amasonkhana mu holo khamulo - Haiden. Popanda iyeyo, pa dera la zovuta kachisi pali khitchini pokonza mwambo chakudya powonekera, malo zamatsenga, outbuildings ena. Miyambo mu akachisi amathera ansembe lotchedwa Kannus.

maguwa kunyumba

Pitani akachisi si wokhulupirira Japanese. Pambuyo kami kulibe kulikonse. Ndipo inu mukhoza kulemekeza iwo kulikonse. Choncho, pamodzi ndi kachisi chimakula kwambiri kunyumba Shinto. Mu Japan pali guwa banja lililonse. Iwo akhoza poyerekezera ndi "ngodya wofiira" mu kwake Orthodox. Guwa "kamidana" akuimira alumali kumene anasonyeza nameplates wa kami zosiyanasiyana. Iwo anawonjezera zithumwa ndi mphinjiri, anagula mu "malo opatulika". Pofuna kusangalatsa mizimu ya makolo, kuika kamidana komanso zopereka cha ndipo mochi mowa wamphamvu. Mu ulemu wa womwalirayo aikidwa pa guwa ndi zinthu zina zofunika kwa wakufayo. Nthawi zina zikhoza kukhala dipuloma yake kapena kuti pantchito (Shintoism Mwachidule, anavutikira azungu immediacy ake). Ndiye wokhulupirira amatsuka nkhope ndi manja, waima kutsogolo kwa kamidana, nampindira kangapo, ndipo kenako kutero Sikungawathandize mokweza. Choncho amakopa chidwi cha kami lapansi. Ndiyeno n'kutsatira kupemphera nampindira kachiwiri.