Sophia Square - mtima wa Kiev

Khwalala wamkulu mu Kiev - yaikulu ndipo naleka pa nthawi yomweyo. Momwe kuti Sophia Square? ndi mfundo za chidwi ili chiyani icho? Izi m'nkhani ino.

malo ambiri chidwi akhoza kudzitama wa Kiev. Sophia Square - mmodzi wa zinthu zazikulu pa mndandanda wa zonse alendo. Apa ndi St. Sophia Cathedral ndi otchuka belu nsanja, chipilala Bogdanu Hmelnitskomu ndi zokopa zina.

Sophia Square - mtima wa Kiev

Mu 1036 pa malo awa asilikali anagonjetsedwa Pechenegs Yaroslava Mudrogo. Polemekeza awo zimenezi Prince wa Kiev analamula yomanga tchalitchi otchuka. Wotsatira kwa iye apo ndi m'derali yomwe poyamba ankatchedwa Kiev Old.

Popeza XVI m'ma pa malo kunachitika veche (ikuluikulu wotchuka), bungwe fairs zonse. N'kumene anthu a Kiev tinakakumana asilikali Bogdana Hmelnitskogo pa Kumasuka Nkhondo ya anthu Chiyukireniya zaka 1648-1654. Mu zaka za m'ma XIX lalikulu nalo dzina lake pano ndipo anatchedwa St. Sophia (St. Sophia).

Ambiri zochitika wofunika m'mbiri zinachitika kuno ndi mu zaka mazana makumi awiri. Pa lalikulu inali yololedwa anatengera III Universal, kulalikira Republic Chiyukireniya anthu. Chochitika ichi chinachitika mu 1917. Mu 1990 Sofievskaya m'dera anakhala poyambira otchedwa unyolo chamoyo chikugwirizana Lvov ndi Kiev. chochitika panafika osachepera 1 miliyoni!

Sophia Square: bwanji kuti adzafike

Today m'dera ndi ankakonda holide kopita kwa anthu a Kiev ndi alendo. Malowa ali pamtunda m'chigawo Shevchenko, mkati akale (pamwamba) wa mzinda, pakati pa msewu wa Vladimir ndi St. Sophia Cathedral.

Kufika kuderali ndi zovuta motere: kufika siteshoni okwerera sitima "Golden Chipata" (wobiriwira mzere) ndi kuyenda 700 meters kumpoto kwa msewu, Vladimir. Pano mukhoza kupeza m'basi (nambala 16 kapena 18).

Pali wina, njira zambiri zosowa kuti ku St. Sophia. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kupeza kuchokera ku siteshoni okwerera sitima "Keyala Square", kukwera pa chingwe galimoto ku St. Michael Golden-ozungulira Cathedral wa Vladimir ndi kupatsira kuyenda m'derali.

St. Sophia Cathedral - chipilala a zomangamanga wakale

Ponena za Sophia Square, osanenapo Cathedral ndi, inali mkati mwa ulendo. nyumba izi zazikulu uli mmodzi wa akale kwambiri komanso otchuka mu Europe. Sophia Cathedral pamodzi ndi nyumba yonse yapafupi ya zovuta mapulani zili m'gulu la UNESCO World Heritage List.

"Mapulani nthano" - momwe nsangala limafotokoza tchalitchi ichi ndi chimodzi mwa masiku ethnographers Chiyukireniya. Linamangidwa ndi amisiri Byzantine m'zaka XI. Ngakhale kuti tsiku lenileni la zomangamanga sakudziwika kwa Asayansi ndi ochita kafukufuku. Malinga ndi mbiri ya ( "nthano ya makedzana Zaka"), izo zinachitika mu 1037. Koma ambiri akukayikira wa tsiku limenelo, monga pa nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi chimodzimodzi Nestor ndi mbiri, anamangidwira angapo nyumba zina zikuluzikulu ndi akachisi a Kiev wakale. Ndipo ndi thanzi zosatheka. Ambiri mwina pansi 1037 wolemba ankanena za nthawi akamaliza kumanga nyumba zonsezi. Pa mfundo imeneyi ofufuza amati masiku angapo maziko a St. Sophia Cathedral: 1011, 1017 kapena 1022.

Belu nsanja ya zovuta, ndilo yomweyo pafupi lalikulu, inamangidwa patapita nthawi yaitali - m'zaka XVIII, mu masiku a Hetman Ivan Mazepa. Chinali pachiyambi atatu tiered. Patapita zaka 19, anawonjezera kuzibweretsa gawo lachinayi la belu nsanja. kutalika kwake ndi mamita 76.

Pa belo nsanja ya tchalitchi ndi belu, "Mazeppa" m'ma XVIII chomwecho. Ndi yaikulu pakati mabelu wamkulu mu Ukraine. awiri ake - mamita pafupifupi imodzi ndi theka.

zipilala ena m'deralo

The chachiwiri lalikulu Sophia Square ndi chipilala cha Chiyukireniya Hetman Bogdanu Hmelnitskomu, unakhazikitsidwa mu 1888. Ndi chipilala izi kumayambitsa mmodzi yemweyo chidwi nthano. Iwo amanena kuti chipilala anali poyamba anaika kuti mace Khmelnitsky mfundo ku Warsaw. Komabe, mu udindo uwu ndi akavalo kumbuyo gawo itatembenuzidwira kachisi Kiev - Michael tchalitchi. The chosema anali kukuza, ndi kukuoneka kuti Bogdan hetman mace awo m'njira kumpoto - motsogozedwa kapena Moscow, kapena Sweden.

Sophia Square - malo opatulika kwa Kiev. Iwo anamvetsa agonjetsi onse a mumzindawo, chinthu choyamba chimene anayesa kukhazikitsa pa mbendera zawo, kapena zipilala zizindikiro. Choncho, February 1919 Bolsheviks anagwira mzinda, kamodzi anaika Sophia Square busts la Lenin ndi Trotsky, komanso pakhale obelisk, "Ulemerero kwa October!" (Plywood). Kenako anawonongedwa ndi woyera, wotanganidwa Kiev mu miyezi sikisi.

Pomaliza ...

Sophia Square - lalikulu, koma osati kumusangalatsa, lalikulu ndi pa nthawi yomweyo anam'letsa. Idamangidwa m'zaka XI ndipo kuyambira waona kwambiri. Lero lalikulu ngati kungoyenda alendo ndi anthu am'deralo. Makamaka wokongola amakhala usiku - nyali chiwalitsiro madzulo.