St. Clement Inkerman Cave ansembe yotchedwa: kufotokoza, mbiri malo ndi chidwi mfundo

Inkerman Cave ansembe yotchedwa ndi wamkulu pakati mchitidwe phanga ili mu Crimea. Thanthwe kumene kumakhala Amonke (phompho la kumadzulo) chosema malo waukulu. Pa malo okwera a phompho ndi bwinja la mpanda wolimba Calamita, chilengedwe umene amatanthauza VI atumwi. M'nkhaniyi, ife kufotokoza Inkerman Cave ansembe yotchedwa, ulendo umene wakhala mbali yofunika ya mapulogalamu chikhalidwe cha anthu ambiri amene asankha pitani Sevastopol. Adakhala ali pafupi mumzinda, Inkerman (a mumzinda wa Sevastopol). Tidzakhala mwatsatanetsatane za mbiri ya agulupa ndi akachisi waukulu.

St Clement

Munthu amene anayambitsa St. Clement phanga obisika ndi St. Clement, mmodzi wa azilaliki wotchuka wa Chikhristu. Iye anadzozedweratu ndi Mtumwi Petro anali mu Roma. Pakuti kulalikira kwa Christianity mu mzinda uno Clement anali ku ukapolo Chersonese. Pali kale anali 2 zikwi. Akristu poyamba zowawa tsoka chomwecho. Ndipo mu quarries woyera analalikira chikhulupiriro chake. akaidi ambiri ndi anthu ufulu amene anali kukhala pafupi anabatizidwa iye. Olamulira a Chersonese ndi izi, bishopu anaphedwa m'chaka cha 101. khosi lake womangidwa nangula, kenako anamira mu pafupi Cossack Bay.

Ntchito yomanga tchalitchi ndi zotsalira za St. Clement

Chaka chotsatira, pa mafunde otsika, zotsalira za olungama linapezeka mu grotto m'madzi. Kuyambira pamenepo, chaka chilichonse pa tsiku la imfa yake, okhulupirira anafika kumalo anaphedwa. Iwo anapita kulipira ulemu kwa zotsalira oyera kuvumbula pansi. Mpaka m'ma XI, mafunde nyanja amalola kuti anthu kupanga ulendo. Ndiye, pa chilumba laling'ono limene lili pakati pa Bay, mpingo inamangidwa, ndi zotsalira za Clement linasamukira. Ndipo mu nthawi yathu pali chilumba chimenechi. Tsopano ndi gawo la unit asilikali. Chifukwa cha zofukulidwa ikuchitika 1890, zipinda angapo, komanso tchalitchi ndi zotsalira za oyera anapezeka.

Mu 861, ndi Oyera Kirill Ine Mefody anafika ku Hersonissos. Ndi chilolezo cha bishopu wamkulu m'deralo, iwo anatenga zotsalira nawo, natengedwa ku Roma. Lero, iwo zasungidwa apa, mu tchalitchi cha St. Clement. Prince Vladimir anabatizidwa mu Hersonissos, mu X atumwi, anasamukira ku Kiev mbali ya zotsalira za woyera mtima.

yomanga kulimbikitsa

Byzantines mu VI m'ma kuika mtima wake pamwamba pa zitunda zazitali obisika. Tidakhala nawo wakula: pathanthwe chosema pang'onopang'ono maselo, mipingo ndi zipinda phanga. Iwo onse ogwirizana ndi masitepe osemedwa m'mwala. M'malo mwake, idatha-ikonopochitateli Chimonko amene anathawa ku Ufumu wa Byzantine pa chizunzo iconoclastic.

Zikamera ndi midzi, ndi adani a linga la anthu a ku Turkey

Mu Zagaytanskoy phompho ili kum'mawa litadzala ndi m'mapanga ambiri mu tiers angapo, panali kuthetsa akale, amene akadali bwino anamvetsa. Isanafike chiyambi cha XIV atumwi umboni wa Kalam sanakhale ndi moyo. gawo ili la Crimea m'nthawi XV unakopedwa Theodoro ukulu. Mu Black Mtsinje estuary padoko Avlita analengedwa. Pofuna kuteteza Alex, kangupsky kalonga kumanganso ndi pachilumba cha mpanda wakale. Choncho anakhala linga Kalamita. linga ili mu 1475 ku Turkey analandidwa. Iwo ankamangidwanso izo kuti likukwaniritsa zofunikira za firearm a. Iwo anapita ku Turkey dzina latsopano la kumalo - Inkerman, kutanthauza "phanga mpanda wolimba".

Agulupa pa nthawi iyi anali ikuchepa. Ambiri mwina, amonke anasamuka agulupa ku Cape Fiolent, kumene St. George obisika inali. Mu malo tsogolo anatsitsimuka kwa nthawi yochepa. Akhristu asiya Crimea mu 1778, agulupa potsiriza adzasiyidwa.

Chitsitsimutso cha obisika ndi

Pambuyo analanda dziko la Crimea ku gawo Russian anayamba kutsitsimutsa Inkerman phanga obisika (Crimea). Abale chinamasulidwa mu 1850, nawonso ili apa anayamba kumanganso kachisi phanga atatu. Kotero ine kupeza moyo wachiwiri Inkerman St. Clement obisika. Mbiri ya izo zinali zodzaza ndi chiwerengero cha zochitika zofunika.

Clement Church

Mpingo m'dzina la Clement anali opatulidwira woyamba (mu Ages Middle anali St. George Temple, limene, mogwirizana ndi nthano, Clement yekha kugonja pathanthwe). Mpingo uli ndi tchalitchi mawonekedwe. malo ake ndi chidagawika patatu ndi mizere iwiri ya mizati. Anasunga mabenchi osemedwa m'mwala, ena mwa mizati ya, komanso kagawo kakang'ono, anaikira altarpiece lapansi. A hallway yaitali kumabweretsa mpingo. Ndi kudula miyala mabenchi. Komanso anapulumuka ku nthawi yathu awiri gawo Cintron mu apse lapansi. Pa malo ake ndi zotsalira za m'zakumwamba ndi pa khoma pamwamba chosema ndi kagawo kakang'ono anafuna altarpiece lapansi. Chachikulu ukuyanga mtanda kudula pano. Koma frescoes akale amene anapulumuka ku chifaniziro yekha pampando wachifumu wa Mpulumutsi.

Low ndi zazing'ono wakale yopemphereramo anali kumanja ya mpingo. Iwo ali odzipereka kwa Mtumwi A. Andrew. Guwa la yopemphereramo olekanitsidwa olimba thanthwe makoma onse a. Kugawa pakati anali zitseko Woyera. Awiri mawindo ang'onoang'ono anali. Mu zenera kumanzere, guwa la nsembe, guwa linamangidwa ndi kagawo kakang'ono pansi. Pafupi ndi mpando zenera bwino linamangidwa kwa wansembe, mwala. Komanso guwa anali mwala wachifumu, umene uli pafupi ndi mpanda kum'mawa.

Kupezeka kwa nyumba zakale, kutsegula kwa Mpingo wa St. Martinian

Mu njira ya kubwezeretsedwa anapezeka ndi akachisi ina yakale komanso zipinda zofunikira. Komabe, iwo anamizidwa kapena lotseka makoma, kotero anakhalabe unexplored. Wachiwiri Inkerman obisika wodzipereka kwa St. anatsegula. Martinian phanga mpingo. Ndi kachisi amakona anayi yokutidwa ndi mzikiti (theka-zozungulira).

Tsoka winanso wa agulupa ya

zaka ziwiri Atapeza obisika unasweka Crimea nkhondo. Aukali kumenyana mu Black Mtsinje. Calamita, pamene asilikali a Russia, anali mwachiwawa shelled. The British anagonjetsa katundu wachokera ansembe a. Nkhondo itatha, amonke anakakhala kachiwiri mu abale. Iwo anamanga mpingo nyumba (Woyera Utatu) ndi kunyumba isanafike. Chimonko ankachititsanso kubwezeretsa gwero kulankhulana. Clement. Patapita kanthawi, hotelo kwa apaulendo inamangidwa. Polemekeza chipulumutso zozizwitsa za mfumu ya banja, amene zinacitika pafupi siteshoni. Borki ngozi ya sitima ku 1888, mu 1895 mpingo watsopano anamangidwira mu obisika a. Inapatulidwa ndi mchiritsi ndi Panteleimon. The peculiarity la kachisi kwagona kuti opatulika osemedwa m'mwala, ndi ena, nthaka unakhazikitsidwa mu kalembedwe Byzantine.

Mbiri ya obisika mu zaka mazana makumi awiri

Mu obisika mu 1905, iwo unalengedwa ochepa akachisi kwambiri. Mmodzi wa iwo lili kum'mawa kwa phompho, pa malo a mpingo wa St. Evgrafov zinalili mu Ages Middle. Iye anali opatulidwira polemekeza St. DM. Tesalonika. Mu zaka mazana makumi awiri, kumanda zinachitika mu Demetrius kachisi. Nawa 3 manda, amene anali kudula pafupi kachisi, kakang'ono pansi phanga. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pomanga mpingo Nikolaya Chudotvortsa inatha pa malo okwera chapamwamba. Iye ndi timipata awiri, mawonekedwe - Phillips.

History of Sophia Church

Pamaso pa Alexei Mikhailovich (Grand Duke), komanso mamembala a Crimea nkhondo September 27, 1905 anali opatulidwira chizindikiro mpingo "Joy wa Onse Amene Chisoni". Yamangidwa pa malo kalelo anali Sofia mpingo, osemedwa phompho, pa lamanzere gombe la mtsinje. Black. Amadziwika kuti m'nthawi XIV pano kulankhulana kunyumba. Sofia. Mwachionekere, iye anali munthu wolemera kwambiri chifukwa akachisi ake adayima panja pakati pa kapangidwe zina ndi kukula. Pamene Akhristu Pochoka ku Crimea, agulupa linasiyidwa sandiganizira. Cha ku Switzerland. Sofia - waukulu mu Crimea phanga kachisi. Limafotokoza lathyathyathya mzikiti. Mpingo uli ndi mawonekedwe chamtanda. Part mpanda wake kumpoto, komanso malo opatulika kalelo kugunda. Pansi pa kachisi ali m'manda. Pali chionetsero cha ku mpingo m'tchalitchi, pansi kumene kuli manda awiri ndi zotsalira za zolemba Greek.

Yomanga tchalitchi, akuguba

M'mapanga ya agulupa pamaso Crimea nkhondo anali magazini ufa. Kumapeto kwa anamenya kale sanali analamula kapitawo anakakhala pafupi ndi miyala chigwa. Munthu uyu mbamphedza misa manda. Uyamiko kwa Iye, bungwe kutolera ndalama, ndipo mu 1885 anamanga nyumba yopemphereramo pa nthumbi. Chimonko okhala Inkerman St. Clement Cave ansembe yotchedwa, chaka chilichonse pa October 24 anapita ku nyumba yopemphereramo mondondozana. Iwo anachita mwambo wa anthu amene anaphedwa chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro ndi mfumu. Pa njira imene mpingo Alexei Mikhailovich Sophia anabwezeretsedwa mu 1903. Ochokera m'dziko lomweli kutolera ndalama chifukwa cha ichi. Chisoni Mkati kachisi, amene inamangidwa pa nthawi ino, mbali kusungidwa image, zomwe nawo nkhondo pa Black Mtsinje.

Ntchito yomanga nyumba yatsopano, ndi kutsekedwa ya agulupa ndi chitsitsimutso chake

The Inkerman obisika mu 1910, zinamangidwa 2 nyumba anaikira abale, ndi m'nyumba Mpingo wa Annunciation. Komanso, kusukulu parishi unakhazikitsidwa ku obisika a. Ndi 1917, Inkerman Cave ansembe yotchedwa anali anthu a Chimonko 122 ndi novices 25. Pa Civil Nkhondo obisika anathandiza asilikali Wrangel. Pambuyo kulengeza mphamvu Soviet panali nationalization mchitidwe onse ndi Crimea dziko. Inkerman phanga obisika mu 1926, pomaliza kutsekedwa. Mu 1927 anawononga yopemphereramo pa manda a asilikali amene anafa Nkhondo ya Inkerman, ndipo mu 1932 - cha ku Switzerland. Nicholas, ndi pamwamba pa m'mapiriŵa.

Pa World nkhondo II pa malo obisika a likulu la Division ndi Maritime. Mu June 1942, asilikali ake anayesa kuletsa Germany, amene anali wofunitsitsa Sevastopol. Mu 1991, St. Clement Inkerman phanga obisika anayamba kutsitsimutsa. Exclusionary nyumba ndi mipingo anabwezeretsedwa.

Inkerman Cave ansembe yotchedwa: bwanji kuti

Iwo akhoza anafika sitima yapamtunda Sevastopol kuti uthenga ulalikidwa 1531 Km. Pezani kwa Balaclava wa agulupa kungakhale patakisi kapena basi №31. Njira ina - kugwiritsa ntchito basi aliyense intercity, amene ayenera kusiya "Vtormet" kudutsa Inkerman. Mukapita ndi galimoto pafupi ndi woyera mwala mtanda (inu muziwona izo pamodzi msewu waukulu limene likuyenda mu mzinda) inu muyenera kukhota ansembe a. Inkerman St. Clement Friary ali ndondomeko izi: N 44 39.873, E 34 16.160.