Otentha matanthwe chilumba - mapangidwe ndi topezeka

Mu chikumbumtima wamba wa chisumbucho - ndi malo a dziko, wazunguliridwa ndi madzi kumbali zonse. Mawu amenewa amanena za malo monga malo aakulu Mwachitsanzo, Iceland, ndi nyenyeswa ting'onoting'ono thambo penapake pa mtsinje, zimene kwathunthu kutha chigumula. Ndi m'zilumba zake chiyambi kungakhale kumtunda (analengedwa ndi kayendedwe ka mbale tectonic), chiphala (akuwuka chifukwa kuphulika kwa mapiri) namytye (malo mchenga omwe anapangidwa kuchokera kuluka ya), zilumba yokumba ndipo potsiriza secrete zambiri matanthwe. Ngati magulu anayi oyamba, zikuonekeratu kuti iwo anali chifukwa cha kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe tectonic kapena zochita za anthu, zomwe zimafunika mapangidwe chilumba matanthwe, chifukwa tikudziwa kuti matanthwe - ndi zamoyo?

Mu madzi ofunda nyanja otentha anthu awa zachilendo zolengedwa wosazindikira kuti kudya zomera, anagwira tentacles awo. Aliyense nyamayo amanga yekha kapu ya laimu. Polyp potsirizira pake amafa ndi chikho akhala. Pamaziko a polyp latsopano kudzilimbikitsa lokha anajambulapo kukhala. Ndipo madera matanthwe kukula, kuthamangira kwa zomera ku dzuwa mpaka iwo afike mlingo nyanja sadzauka pamwamba pa. Izi ndipamene chilumba matanthwe.

Mwachibadwa kuganiza kuti ichi - zilumba otsika, ngati matanthwe - nyama za m'madzi, ndipo akufa pansi. Kuya mulingo woyenera iwo - za 30-10 mamita, kumene sadamve mkuntho ndi pa nthawi yomweyo dzuwa zokwanira. Nanga n'chifukwa mu moyo weniweni, chilumba matanthwe angafikire ndi kutalika mamita mazana angapo? Inde, chifukwa mbale tectonic mowirikiza kusuntha dziko lapansi. Kusinthasintha mu mlingo wa nyanja angafunse ndi m'nyanja kapena kuyiyika iyo mu malo a mdima wosatha, pa mamita 200-300. Zikuonekeratu kuti pa nthawi chilumba chapamwamba ali ndi nthaka ndi zomera, koma kuchiyika icho adzakhala lopangidwa ambiri anajambulapo mafupa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kalekale.

Miyala Island angakhale mitundu iwiri: chilumba lenileni ndi bwino kuti ife mtundu wa kukwezedwa pamwamba pa nyanja mu mawonekedwe a miyala, ndi chilumba. zilumba zimenezi zili ndi chiyani ndi momwe iwo anapanga? Wokongola osavuta, ngakhale kwa nthawi yaitali. Zilumba zimenezi zili kwambiri mu Pacific Ocean, kumene, monga mukudziwa, ndi mphamvu chiphala ntchito. Tangoganizani chilumba, amene anakwezedwa pamwamba pa madzi kuphulika Chigwa. Pa maziko ake, madzi, osati usavutike dzuwa, komanso otentha chiphalaphala mu kuya, ngati kuthetsa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono. Iwo amamanga miyala anazungulira chilumba, belting izo ngati mphete. Ndiye, patapita m'zaka za ntchito zamoyo, chiphala kuphulika amapezeka ndi ... chakumene phiri Mwamsanga mu madzi akuya. Koma miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi! Ndi ndege chilumba aonekera atazunguliridwa ndi buluu mphete nyanja, mkati mwa amene ali wobiriwira lagoon - onse amene anakhalabe pa phiri kamodzi yoopsa.

N'zoona kuti nthawi zonse phiri limalephera m'nyanja, ndi zambiri mapiri matanthwe zilumba. Zitsanzo za ichi tikuona mu Tonga boma zamera-magmatic kudalirana (Polynesia), lomwe ndi limodzi mwa zilumba chiphala atazungulira moti matanthwe, ndipo zilumba zimenezi zili. Chitsanzo chakale cha chilumba ndi pafupifupi idelno mphete mawonekedwe ndi bikini.

Miyala Island - ndi topezeka zovuta. Tinganene kuti miyala ndi ambiri kwambiri malo onse m'madzi. Konse akutsikira m'munsimu madigiri 20 madzi kutentha, ndi pogona angapezeke mu matanthwe makonde, m'mapanga ndi tchire, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kukopa zosiyanasiyana zolengedwa. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono zimawononga zomera, ndi iwo, nawonso, kudziluma zokongola Chingolopiyo nsomba, nsomba agulugufe, komanso voracious starfish "korona wa minga". M'kati Reef kuthetsa urchins nyanja , ndi anemones nyanja. The kuyanga minda matanthwe chitetezo amfipriony pang'ono kudziwika kwa ife mwa zojambula "Nemo nsomba", ndi m'mapanga a ngale akufa akudikira nyama eels awo. Mwatsoka, chifukwa cha ziwawa anthu ntchito Matanthwe chikuchepa, chifukwa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono moyo yekha mu madzi oyera kwambiri. Ngakhale wokhudza matanthwe kungachititse kuti imfa yake. Choncho, m'mayiko otentha, konse afike tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, ndipo ngakhale zambiri siziboola nthambi osalimba matanthwe.