Syncopal kumira: zizindikiro, thandizo

Amayambitsa imfa wamira m'chilengedwe. Pachiopsezo si omwe sangathe kusambira, koma anthu amene ali mu mkhalidwe chikumbumtima adasandulika, komanso ana ndi mitima.

terminology

Malinga atsopano Kusintha kumira - ndondomeko imene zimachititsa kuwonongeka kwa mundawo kupuma chifukwa kukhalapo mu sing'anga madzi. Kale tanthauzo izi zikumveka ngati imfa madzi (kapena zakumwa zina) mu Airways ndi mapapo. Koma sikunali kokwanira zolondola.

Chiphunzitso ano akusonyeza kuti madzi amakhala chotchinga kwa ingress mpweya Airways. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti anthu kufa. Mulimonsemo, izo tidzakambirana monga waterboarding.

mitundu ya kumira

mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya m'madzi, malingana limagwirira kwa ndondomekoyi:

1. N'zoona (chonyowa), amatchedwanso suction - kumachitika pamene m'mapapo kapena Airways ndizodzazidwa ndi wambiri madzi. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika anthu ovutika khama lomaliza.
2. Zonama (youma), kumira kapena asphyxial - kumachitika chifukwa ndi reflex kuphipha glottis. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale mpweya kapena madzi samalowa mapapo ndi munthu akamwalira wa suffocation.
3. Syncope kumira - amapezeka mu madzi ozizira. Izo zimayambitsa reflex kuphipha Mitsempha ndi matenda a mtima. Imfa madzi zoona, ziribe kanthu kochita ndi madzi wolowera mundawo kupuma pambuyo madzi pansi pa tsokali.
4. Wothira - yodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu angapo makhalidwe wamira.

Zimayambitsa kumira

Makamaka kumira kumachitika chifukwa kusamba ananyalanyaza malamulo a khalidwe mu madzi, monga "osati kusambira kwa buoys" ndiponso "si kusambira mu amatunga ndi pansi wosadziwika," "ayi kusambira mu mkuntho." Komanso, anthu amene sangathe kusambira, ndipo mwadzidzidzi kugwera mu madzi pa kuya kwambiri, ayamba akuvutika, mwamsanga kuthera mphamvu ndi mpweya, motero imathandizira madzi awo.

Kukasambira osiyana ndi mafani pamadzi zambiri osati molondola kuwerengera nthawi ndi adzawonongedwa, kapena kuukira akuyamba anaŵerama mothamanga chitunda. Wa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zinthu monga kupezeka kwa mathithi ndi whirlpools, mafunde amphamvu kapena matope pansi.

Limagwirira a kumira

Imfa madzi akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: madzi oyera ndi saltwater, chifukwa unyolo zochita pathological adzakhala osiyana. Mwatsopano madzi kufyola mu za alveoli mu m'magazi ndi dilutes izo. Choncho, buku chikuwonjezereka wa kufalitsidwa madzimadzi (Bcc), kumaonjezera katundu mtima, ndipo izo zonse kumabweretsa mpaka amasiya ake. Komanso, chifukwa madzi ndi hemolysis (chionongeko) wa erythrocytes. A mtanda mu thupi kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ufulu bilirubin, hemoglobin ndi potaziyamu. Impso sangathe tilimbane ndi katundu ndi angalephere.

Wamira m'madzi mchere, mosiyana, kumabweretsa magazi kuundana, ndi chifukwa - kuchuluka thrombogenicity. Nthawi zambiri, mtima amangidwe chifukwa thrombosis ya mitsempha inatsekeratu. Syncope kumira reflex limagwirira si chikugwirizana ndi zikuchokera madzi mchere, koma zimadalira kutentha kwake ndi zinthu zimene munthuyo anali mu madzi (mwachitsanzo, zimamupweteka kwambiri ndi kugwa).

nthawi yovuta

Pamene kumira woona mu madzi ndi atatu matenda nthawi:

1. Koyamba, imene wovulalayo ukhoza kukoka mpweya wanu. Ngati munthu kupulumutsa pa mfundo iyi, izo mokwanira kuyankha zimenezi, khungu ndi mucous cyanotic wake, kupuma mofulumira, osaya, phokoso. Mwina kutsokomola. Kuthamanga magazi m'malo mwa hypotension ndi bradycardia. The m'mimba kungakhale kwambiri kuchuluka kwa madzi, chifukwa cha kusanza zimenezi. Munthu zambiri akuchira mwamsanga nkhaniyi.
2. nthawi Agonistic amakhala ndi chakuti wovulalayo anakomoka. Iye ali ndi kugunda ndi kupuma, ntchito minofu koma kuuzimitsa. Khungu cyanotic ndi ozizira. Pa nthawi imeneyi akubwera edema m'mapapo mwanga, ndi pakamwa amachita wandiweyani pinki thovu.
3. Chipatala imfa zikuwoneka palibe wosiyana nthawi agonistic. mwamuna ndi chilili, adzionere ngakhale pa mitsempha yaikulu, mtima kumangidwa amapezeka. Ana ali dilated, popanda anachita kuwala. Ngati inu kukoka munthu ndi madzi pa nthawi imeneyi, CPR silingakhale bwino.

zizindikiro

Pamene munthu akadali mu madzi, n'zotheka kuzindikira zizindikiro za m'madzi zotsatirazi:

• khalidwe udindo wa mutu wachibale kwa thupi (ngati wovulalayo atagona kumbuyo kwake, mutu n'kuponyedwanso, ngati pa mimba yake - mutu ndi kumizidwa kwathunthu mu madzi);
• maso adatsekedwa kapena chobisika pansi tsitsi;
• Mwina ndipuma mwawefuwefu;
• munthu wachita anayesa kugwetsa.

Pakuti asfekticheskogo kumira yodziwika ndi kuledzera kapena kuvulala mutu. Kugunda osowa arrhythmic, zimadziŵika yekha sitima zazikulu. M'munsi kupuma thirakiti, ambiri oyera, ndipo muli zochepa madzi. Imfa amapezeka mkati mphindi anayi kapena asanu. Kuwatsitsimula laryngospasm ndiponso kupewa clenching.

Syncopal kumira n'zotheka ngakhale pang'ono madzi. Pankhaniyi, kukomoka amabwera msanga. khungu ndi syncopal wamira wotumbululuka kwambiri kulola ana samva kuwala, akufotokozera "ayezi mantha".

zachipatala Kupenda azamalamulo

Syncopal kumira masamba mbali khalidwe, amene Tingaone pa autopsy mu azamalamulo amasinthira zachipatala bwino. Mwa zina za ofala kudya imfa zinachitika, monga kuwala bluish anakhetsa mawanga mtembo, magazi madzi mu cavities a mtima ndi ziwiya kwambiri, komanso kusapezeka kwa pinki zosagwira thovu ku kamwa.

Komanso, pamene woona kumira madzi wapezeka mu gawo osachiritsika a machubu bronchial ndi sphenoid fupa a Chigaza, mapapo ndi mpweya, iwo amachita chidwi nthiti ndi magazi pansi pleura lapansi. Zomera akukhala mu thupi la madzi, sikuti opezeka m'mimba ndi mapapo, komanso mu ziwalo zina zomwe zimasonyeza kuti iye anafika kumeneko kudzera m'magazi.

Ndi n'zotheka kudziwa zizindikiro mtembo kukhala mu madzi: khungu ndi wotumbululuka, shrunken pa chala cha (otchedwa "manja laundresses" ..), Ndipo iwowa yaitali mu madzi mwina slazit pamodzi ndi misomali magolovesi mtundu. Pamaso pa mchenga, matope ndi algae pa zovala ndi tsitsi la woberedwa, kwambiri, zikusonyeza kuti thupi ndaweza mmadzi.

The yaitali thupi ndi madzi, ndi kovuta kudziwa chifukwa cha imfa, koma ngati ndi kuvulala iliyonse, ndiye moyo m'madzi msanga amapatsidwa mtembo, ndipo ingawononge sitikudziwa moti umboni lidzawonongedwa.

Aligorivimu zadzidzidzi

Malamulo amenewa ali chimodzimodzi kwa mitundu yonse ya thandizo anavutika madzi. chisamaliro Emergency mu kumira ndi aligorivimu yotsatana zochita, zimene zingakuthandizeni kusankha mofulumira mwadzidzidzi.

Choyamba, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti moyo wa mpulumutsi si pangozi. Izi ndi zofunika popeza ubwino chipulumutso ayenera kukhala woposa mavuto angathe. Wozunzidwayo atachotsedwa madzi. Izi zichitike mosamala, munthu amachita ndi fupa lothyoka la msana, chotero, ayenera kunyamulidwa ku nkhokwe pa bolodi kapena bolodi.

Chachiwiri, kutembenukira mtima kotero kuti anapumula mimba bondo lake mowasungira, koma pa chikhalidwe chimenecho wakhala palibe zoposa zitatu kuchokera pamene kumira - mphindi zisanu. Ngati pa nthawi imene munthu kugwira ilo kuchokera mu dziwe kalekale chikomokere, muyenera yomweyo kuyamba mouzirira kuwatsitsimula. Kuyeretsa M'mimbamo m'kamwa kwa otaya bwino mpweya. Pa nthawi imeneyi, onetsetsani kuti itanani ambulansi.

Mu ndime yachitatu, kuyambira thandizo kumira - muyenera fufuzani ana, zimachitika, pamaso kupuma. Ndiye, kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zinkachitika pamwamba palibe, mukufunika CPR. Pitirizani ikukoka mtima ndi kupuma mu mlengalenga bola ngati inu kufika adalira ambulansi. Ngati mowiriza kupuma sizimawoneka, akhoza kupulumutsa moyo wa munthu wovulalayo.

Thandizeni wamira pambuyo kubwezeretsa kupuma, kugunda kwa mtima ndi chikumbu kutentha ndi kulamulira anthu zizindikiro moyo. Asanabwere asing'anga akhudzidwa, mwatsoka, si zotheka kuchita chilichonse yokulirapo.

chithandizo

Mwaluso amapereka thandizo mwadzidzidzi kwa kumira angathandize madokotala ziziyenda chikhalidwe cha wovulalayo m'tsogolo. Pamene mowiriza kupuma si kubwezeretsedwa, ndi wodwala umasamutsidwa ku yokumba m'mapapo mpweya ikuchitika ukhondo trachea ndi bronchi. mankhwala kuyenera kuphatikizapo kupewa edema m'mapapo mwanga ndi pachimake mtima kulephera. Ngati mukumira madzi, ndiye mankhwala okodzetsa ndi mbali zikuluzikulu za magazi, ndipo wamira m'madzi mchere - saline ndi shuga. Kwenikweni anachita kuwukonza udindo asidi-m'munsi. Pambuyo miyeso mwamsanga zambiri zotchulidwa yochepa njira ya mankhwala kuteteza matenda.