"The ngwazi za nthawi yathu": mbiri ya chilengedwe cha buku la

Nkhani ili laperekedwa kwa buku "A Hero Nthawi". Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha lake chidwi kwambiri ndi mwachinsinsi. Tikadali sindikudziwa tsatanetsatane wa ntchito yomweyo Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova lemba ntchito. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zipangizo zomwe zilipo ali wochepa; pali kakang'ono ka malo ndi drafts mipukutu, komanso umboni wa m'nthawi ya ndakatulo ndi wolemba yekha.

Ngakhale izi, pang'ono pang'ono kutolera mfundo zofunikira ndi zipangizo, tikhoza recreate nawo Wonenedwa wa magawo zazikulu ndi mfundo zina za kulemba ntchito za Mihailom Yurevichem "Hero Nthawi". Mbiri ya buku lino, amene ankaona pamwamba pa ndakatulo iyi, tidzakambirana ndi amatilangiza deta izi.

Chokumbukira Shang Giray

AP Shang Giray kukumbutsidwa amatipatsa zina zokhudza nthawi ya ndakatulo pa ntchito imeneyi. Achibale ndi mabwenzi a ndakatulo iyi ankanena kuti "Hero Nthawi", nkhani ya chilengedwe zomwe zikutikhudza, unayambitsidwa atabwerera ku Buku loyamba Lermontov, mu St. Petersburg mu 1838. Ambiri lermontovedov kutsatira mfundo imeneyi. Koma pali deta kuti akusonyeza kuti kusodza kale "Taman" linalembedwa mu 1837. Lero kudziwika buku Authorized wa buku lino amalembedwa Viskovatov, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mipukutu zimenezi zinalembedwa Shang Giray, msuweni Lermontov, amene watha nthawi zina malinga zolemba zake. Zikuoneka "Taman" anali azichita Baibulo asilikali, osati kunathandiza nthawiyo (ichi umboni ndi chiyero cha magazini).

kopanda Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi nambala achibale ake komanso m'nthawi ya ndakatulo iyi. Mwachitsanzo, Grigorovich, amene anaona autograph akhakula ntchito analemba Maulendo Ake kuti nkhaniyi "Taman" zikumveka kuchokera pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto umodzi amgwirizano poyambira. Koma ngati inu kutenga mpukutu woyamba, zikhonza kudziŵika kuti lodzala ndi oyika, peremarana, ali ambiri kulembalemba kokulumunya glued pepala.

chokumbukira Zhigmonta

Grigorovich, mwatsoka, kanthu za kumene autograph, komanso monga za amene mwini. Koma lero analengeza kukumbukira wina kuti resonates ndi nkhani ya chi. Mu 1947 anafalitsa makalata ndi PS Zhigmontom, wachibale a ndakatulo iyi, wolemba mbiri yake yoyamba, P. A. Viskovatogo. Zhigmont inanena kuti ngati mu 1839 mu Stavropol ndakatulo sketched "Taman" ndipo kenako sewero la Petrov, amene iye apulumutsidwe.

The chibwenzi cha ichi chidachitika mu njira yotero, zaka pafupifupi zitachitika, ndi woyambitsa Maulendo analemba, anali simukudziwa tsiku. A. V. Popov ananena kuti CHONCHO Zhigmont Lermontov anakumana mu 1837 mu Stavropol, ndipo mu 1839 mmodzi wa iwo mu mzinda uno anali ayi. Choncho, bukuli "Taman" ayenera zimachitika 1837.

kumene Lermontov mkati ntchito pa mankhwala

Chifukwa cha buku limeneli amadziwika kuika anakumana nazo mu September 1837 Mihailom Yurevichem zinachitika. Mu November, iye kale anali mu Tiflis. Kuti nthawi ili wake sewero m'malo chidwi lotchedwa "Ine ndiri mu Tbilisi." Chooneka moti payekha chifukwa I. Andronika, kuti munali majeremusi a "fatalists" ndi "Taman". Inu mukhoza kuganiza kuti chifukwa chakuti "maganizo m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo" chiwembu mwadzaza ndi zovuta, wolemba anaganiza muchigawane mu magawo awiri, sketched woyamba "Taman", pa ulendo mu November-December 1837, ndiyeno "fatalist". Chimenechi ndicho chiyambi cha mankhwala a "Hero Nthawi" nkhani ya chilengedwe. Topic ndi buku zikuchokera lasintha kwambiri m'tsogolo, anawonjezera okha kenako awiri, poyamba kupatukana zidutswa. Mu December, kubwerera kale mu Petersburg, wolemba ndakatulo anasiya mwachidule Sevastopol, pamene iye anakomana ndi S. O. Zhigmontom ndi Petrov, ndi achibale awo. Panthawi imeneyi, rewriting ndi "Taman", Mikhail zikuoneka kumanzere asilikali ake Petrov. Ndiko kuti, kenako anawona Grigorovich.

Pamene zinalembedwa "Taman" ( "A Hero Nthawi")?

History of the (mwachidule pa mbali zonse za nkhaniyo) akupitiriza. mfundo zomwe atorela Choncho imatipatsa kunena kuti ntchito pa kusodza "Taman" limatchula nthawi kuchokera September mpaka December 1837, monga September, wolemba ndakatulo anali mu Taman ndipo kumapeto December, Mikhail anasiya Sevastopol. Pa nkhani imeneyi, zingatanthauze, tikhoza kusonyeza kuti ndi mu iyi, osati mu 1838, malinga ndi ofufuza ambiri anapezerapo mankhwala kapangidwe "Hero Nthawi". Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha wake, kotero kuti akutsegula kuchokera September mpaka December 1837.

Kaya nawo "Taman" kwa lingaliro pachiyambi cha buku la?

Pakali pano, mfundo imeneyi ndi wopupuluma, ngati pali umboni wakuti "Taman" pachiyambi ayi atamva kuti dongosolo la buku, amene anaonekera Patapita zaka, iye sanali nawo mu chifanizo Pechorin ngwazi za buku la.

Choyamba, dzina la protagonist ntchito mu "Taman" sanautchule. Kachiwiri, amadziwika ku "Mfumukazi Mary", khalidwe ndi anathamangitsa ku Caucasus kwa mtundu wa "mbiri." Koma sizimawoneka ngati ngwazi, "Taman" kuti atangofika kumene kuchokera ku St. Petersburg ukapolo.

Chachitatu, mu nkhani zonse komanso mabuku ndithu otchulidwa kapena wasonyeza Maksim Maksimych, "kudzera khalidwe", umene uli otsutsana a Pechorin. Only mu "Taman" palibe.

Palinso chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti "fatalist" kwalembedwa payokha, kenako "Taman", mwa kuwonana ndi buku limeneli, zikuoneka, kumayambiriro kwa 1838, atabwerera ku St. Petersburg Mikhail Yurevich.

The peculiarity wa ndondomeko kulenga Lermontov

Mbali A za ndondomeko kulenga, wolemba iyi ndi ntchito kofanana zidutswa zingapo. Pamodzi ndi chitukuko cha Baibulo koyamba kwa buku "A Hero Nthawi", nkhani ya chilengedwe cha Yehova amene akambidwa m'nkhani ino, wolemba ndakatulo ntchito pa komaliza mkonzi ndodo ya "The Chiwanda". Mu September, ndi chimodzi inatha mu 1838, mu December - chiwiri ndi chitatu - mu January 1839.

Baibulo loyambirira

Mu "Mfundo za Lathu" linasindikizidwa ndi "Bela" mu March 1839.

Mu August chaka chomwecho anamaliza ndakatulo "Mtsyri", ndipo pa nthawi ino, anayamba tamaliza maphunziro "Hero Nthawi" kusindikiza. Ndiyeno panali kwambiri anasintha zikuchokera buku la - ndi pa novella "The Fatalist". Akupitiriza Choncho, mbiri ya chilengedwe. "Hero Nthawi" akukumana pa nthawi ino kwa kusindikiza kwachiwiri. Information za choyamba pang'ono ndithu, koma tinganene kuti inkakhala kokha ntchito ya "Maksim Maksimych," "Bella" ndi "Mfumukazi Mary".

Tikuyambitsa "fatalist" kunapezeka kuti wopanda feteleza, makamaka chifukwa anali kuyandikana mkati pakati Pechorin ndi wolemba. Komanso, buku limeneli anakhudza zofunika mavuto a m'badwo wamakono Lermontov.

Kulolerana ntchito anatsindika philosophising wa buku nadzipereka wamkulu mozama fanizo la Pechorin.

Tiyenera kupitiriza kuyang'ana pa ntchito ya "Hero Nthawi". Mbiri ya buku la, mwachidule limaoneka ndi zochitika zotsatirazi zina.

The kusindikiza kwachiwiri kwa mankhwala amatanthauza 1839, zapakati pa August kuti September. Ndiye inkakhala nkhani ziwiri lalifupi komanso mabuku awiri, "The ngwazi za nthawi yathu." Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha zikuchokera buku mu Baibulo chomaliza pansipa. Mu buku lino la mankhwala unagawidwa pawiri: zolemba kapitawo, amene ndi owerenga, ndi khalidwe cholemba. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo nkhani "Bella" ndi nkhani "Maksim Maksimych," ndipo lachiwiri - nkhani "fatalist," ndi nkhani "Mfumukazi Mary".

Chomaliza mankhwala younikanso

Tipitirize kulankhula zimene zinali mu ntchito imeneyi mbiri ya chilengedwe. "Hero Nthawi" kumapeto kwa 1839 lasintha kwambiri yokonza buku la buku limodzi. Pa nthawi imeneyi, chomaliza kale anadzetsa kuti "Taman" mmene ntchito owerenga monga "Fatalist" ngwazi anatitumiza ku wolemba-owerenga. zinali sikisi "chaputala" m'magazini ino. Mulinso ndi "Mawu Oyamba" kwa zolemba za ngwazi za - "Journal of Pechorin" - zomwe Belinsky amafotokozedwa kuti "mutu", polingalira kufunika kwake. Mu kalata iyi ya ndakatulo iyi lagawidwa magawo awiri a buku kuti choyamba awiri anasonyeza yekha. Komanso mu gawo limeneri lomaliza chilengedwe anafotokoza motsimikiza mutu chomaliza mankhwala.

Kumasulidwa kwa buku lomaliza la buku "A Hero Nthawi"

Mbiri ya buku likumaliza motere. Mu February, chilolezo kufufuza kubala ntchito imeneyi. Bukhu mu April 1840 anapita pa malonda, ndipo patatha chaka lofalitsidwa ndi kusindikiza kwachiwiri, womwenso chiyambi ntchito wonse, analengedwa ndi Lermontov, zikuoneka, mu February 1841.

Kenaka kudziwa "wodziwika" Kapangidwe ka buku "A Hero Nthawi". Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha ntchito imeneyi ndi imodzi yabwino m'nthawi ya 19, uwu ndi mapeto.