Untouchables ku India: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Untouchables ku India - chodabwitsa kuti sichingapezeke mu dziko lina lililonse padziko lapansi. Wochokera kalelo, Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira gulu la anthu alipo mu dziko ndipo tsopano. Mlingo wotsikitsitsa mu utsogoleri wolowezana amatenga untouchables, zimene zinaphatikizapo 16-17% ya anthu. mamembala ake m'gulu la "pansi" kwa anthu Indian. Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira kapangidwe - funso yovuta, koma yesani kuunikira zina mbali.

Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira Kapangidwe ka anthu Indian

Ngakhale n'kovuta recreating lathunthu structural chithunzi a mitundu mu kutali kale, komabe n'zotheka kuonetsetsa mbiri Gulu ku India. Asanu a iwo.

Gulu apamwamba (varna) Brahmins zikuphatikizapo ogwira ntchito m'boma, nzika yaikuluikulu, ansembe.

Chotsatira ndi Kshatriya varna, Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira, komwe kunkakhala asilikali ndi alimi -. Radzhaputy, Jats, Marathas, kunbi, Reddy, kamwa, etc. Ena a iwo kupanga stratum ang'onoang'ono, amene mamembala kenako kubwezeretsanso milingo m'munsi ndi pakati kalasi ang'onoang'ono.

Zotsatirazi magulu awiri (vaisyas ndi Sudras) monga alimi pakati ndi kutsikira Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira, akuluakulu, osema, atumiki ammudzi.

Pomaliza, gulu wachisanu. Pamafunikanso atumiki Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira anthu ndi alimi, mosatsata mitundu yonse ya ufulu kwa umwini ndi ntchito za m'dziko. Iwo amatchedwa untouchables.

"India," "untouchables" - malingaliro inextricably zogwirizana ndi mnzake mu chifaniziro cha anthu padziko lonse. Panthawiyi, m'dziko ndi chikhalidwe wakale apitirize kulemekeza miyambo ndi a makolo a nsoka wa anthu molingana anachokera ndipo wachokera ku Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira iliyonse.

Mbiri ya zikamera wa untouchables

Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wotsikitsitsa mu India - angawauze - maonekedwe awo anakakamizika njira zakale ikuchitikira Ages Middle m'chigawochi. Masiku amenewo, India anagonjetsedwa ndi mafuko wamphamvu ndi zambiri kutukuka. Mwachibadwa, ankhondowo anabwera m'dziko ukapolo ake a anthu a m'dziko, anamukonzera udindo wa atumiki.

Pakuti kudzipatula Indians anakakhala midzi wapadera anamanga padera ndi mtundu wa ghetto ano. akunja kutukuka sankaloledwa Aaborijini m'dera lanu.

Amaganiza kuti ana a mafuko awa kenako anapanga Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wa untouchables. Pamafunikanso alimi ndi atumiki ammudzi.

Komabe, lero mawu "angawauze" wakhala m'malo ndi wina - ". Oponderezedwa" "Dalits", lomwe limatanthauza Akukhulupirira kuti "untouchables" zikumveka achipongwe.

Popeza Amwenye ena amakhala ndi ntchito mawu akuti "jati" ndipo "akuponyedwa" chiwerengero chawo zovuta kudziwa. Koma Dalits akhoza kugawidwa ndi utakhala ndi malo okhala.

The untouchables moyo

The mitundu yofala Dalits amaonedwa Chamars (ofufuta zikopa), Dhobi (laundress) ndi pariahs. Ngati woyamba mitundu iwiri ndi mtundu wa ntchito, ndi pariahs kokha moyo likuvutika ntchito chizolowezi - pa katundu zinyalala, kuyeretsa ndi kusamba zimbudzi.

Katundu ndi zauve ntchito - amenewa ndi tsoka la untouchables. Pakalibe Choyenereza aliyense zimawabweretsera ndalama zochepa, kulola kuti apeze nawo.

Komabe, pakati untouchables, pali magulu amene ali pamwamba pa mitundu, monga hijra lapansi.

Iwo oimira mtundu uliwonse wa ing'onoing'ono kugonana amene amachita uhule ndi kumapempha. Iwo Nthawi zambiri anaitanidwa ku mitundu yonse ya miyambo yachipembedzo, ukwati, akubadwa. Kumene, gulu ali pa miyoyo ya kuposa wofufuta zikopa angawauze kapena washerwoman.

Koma moyo sanathe koma angachititse Dalits zionetsero.

Zionetsero kulimbana angawauze

N'zosadabwitsa kuti untouchables alibe kubzikhotcera ankhondowo m'minda miyambo ya Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira magawano. Komabe, m'zaka zapitazi, zinthu zasintha: ndi untouchables motsogozedwa Gandhi anayenda ulendo woyamba kuwononga zaka stereotype.

Mfundo yaikulu ya ulaliki imeneyi chinali choti kudziŵitsa anthu za lochitira wa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ku India.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nkhani ya anatengedwa mmwamba ndi Gandhi Ambedkar ena Bramini Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira. Uyamiko kwa Iye, Dalits akhala angawauze. Ambedkar anaonetsetsa kuti iwo analandira kuumba ntchito zonse akatswiri. Ndiko kuti, poyesa anapangidwa kwa cigawo anthu awa mu anthu.

Masiku ano zotsutsana lamulo la boma Indian zimayambitsa mikangano ndi angawauze.

Komabe, mpaka kupandukako ndi sizinawakhudze chifukwa untouchables ku India - odzichepetsa kwambiri wa dera Indian. The manyazi zaka zakubadwa kutsogolo a mitundu ina, zinazika mizu mu malingaliro a anthu, kutsekereza maganizo onse kupanduka.

mfundo za boma ndi Dalits ku India

Untouchables ... Moyo aakulu Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ku India chifukwa cha mlanduwo boma Indian mochenjera ndipo ngakhale, popeza tikulankhula za miyambo yakale ya Amwenye.

Koma pa mlingo boma m'dziko yoletsedwa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira tsankho. Zochita chipongwe oimira Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira aliyense amene ankaona mlandu.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wolowezana wovomerezeka ndi malamulo a dziko. Ndiko kuti, Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira angawauze ku India anazindikira ndi boma, lomwe zikuwoneka kutsutsana kwambiri mfundo za boma. Chifukwa, Masiku ano a dziko angapo nkhondo yaikulu pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo ngakhale mwa iwo.

Chidwi mfundo ku moyo wa Dalits

Untouchables ndi malo ambiri onyozeka mu India. Komabe, anthu ena ali mozama mantha Dalits.

Akukhulupirira kuti woimira Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira angawauze ku India akhoza nizidetsa munthu kuchokera Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira osiyana nawo ndi pamaso pawo. Ngati Dalit wokhudza zovala Brahmana, otsiriza adzafunika chaka kuposa wina kuchotsa Karma awo asaipitsidwe ndi.

Koma angawauze (South Indian Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira monga mwa umembala wake amuna ndi akazi) N'kutheka nkhani ya nkhanza zokhudza kugonana. Ndipo panalibe kunyoza Karma sizichitika nthawi yomweyo monga miyambo Indian sikuti mukulakwitsa.

Mwachitsanzo, nkhani zaposachedwapa ku New Delhi, kumene 14 wazaka mtsikana ule akhadawisa angawauze mwezi yachitika kapolo kugonana. Wosasangalala Anamwalira kuchipatala, n'kumanga wolakwayo linatulutsidwa ndi bwalo pa belo.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati angawauze kuphwanya miyambo ya makolo awo, mwachitsanzo, angayesere ntchito yolalikira bwino pagulu, osauka kuyembekezera kuphedwa pa malopo.

Dalit - uwu si chigamulo cha tsoka

Untouchables ku India, ngakhale malamulo a boma, koma amakhalabe la anthu osauka ndipo ambiri ovutika a anthu. Chiwerengero pafupifupi kophunzira mwa iwo pang'ono pa 30.

Zilinso chifukwa manyazi anavutika ndi ana m'masukulu a Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira izi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, Dalits osaphunzira ndi gawo lalikulu lova mu dziko.

Komabe, pali mwaiwala zimene malamulo: pali pafupifupi 30 Anthu - ndi Dalits. Kumene, ndi tizilembo timeneti poyerekezera ndi untouchables miliyoni 170. Koma mfundo imeneyi ikusonyeza kuti Dalit - si chiganizo tsoka.

Chitsanzo adzakhala moyo wa Ashoka khadi, a Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wa ofufuta zikopa. Munthuyo ntchito docker tsiku, ndi usiku iye anaphunzira Maphunziro kukhala injiniya. Panopa, kampani amakhala amachita ofunika mamiliyoni a madola.

Ndiyeno pali mwayi kutuluka Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira Dalit - kusintha chipembedzo.

Chibuda, Chikristu, Islam - chikhulupiriro cha anapezazo aliyense luso kwa munthu angawauze. Koyamba ntchito mu m'ma XIX, ndipo mu 2007, 50 monga zikwi. Anthu anatengera Chibuda.