Bowa m'dera Krasnodar. Edible bowa: mutu, maonekedwe, ndi kumene kusonkhanitsa

Anthu ena amafunsa kuti: "Kodi tingatani kum'mwera ya masika?" Inde, kupita bowa! Pakati pa yophukira ayamba nyengo yeniyeni. Bowa mu nkhalango ya Krasnodar Gawo pansi mayina zokongola - woyera, lachifumu agaric, Caesar, Armillaria, etc. -. Padziko nkhalango wolemera. Am'deralo ndikukhulupirira kuti ngati inu kudziwa malo, inu mosavuta kusonkhanitsa thumba bowa zosiyanasiyana.

Pa dziko la mitundu okha oposa 1.5 miliyoni a bowa. Mbali ina ya iwo kuonekera kwa munthu, chifukwa nthawi lalikulu ndithu. Iwo akutchedwa macromycetes. Iwo apanga lalikulu matupi fruiting.

Tsopano ife tikupeza zomwe mungakhale bowa October, m'chigawo Krasnodar.

bowa edible

matupi fruiting izi safuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera. Kuti akonzekere iwo kuyeretsa ndi kutsanulira madzi otentha mosamala zokwanira. Komabe, anthu anena kuti bowa monga edible edible salembedwa, kutanthauza anthu amene ali oyenera chakudya pambuyo kutentha mankhwala.

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Kuyambira ankaona bowa edible m'dera Krasnodar, ndithudi, tiyenera kuyamba ndi ichi. kapu yake awiri a 8-25 cm, ndi makulidwe a 2-6 cm, otukukira kunja, hemispherical, kuphwa ndi zina pulvinate, zofiirira, woderapo, chikasu brownish, wotumbululuka bulauni. M'mphepete chidutswa, molunjika, wandiweyani, yosalala. Chabwino pamtima yosalala pamwamba, nthawi zina youma, makwinya, wosasamala. Pankhaniyi, ku zamkati mwa khungu sanasiyane.

Zamkati ndi 1,3-4 masentimita wandiweyani, wandiweyani, minofu, pa ukalamba woyera, looser. Fungo la yabwino, kukoma atsopano. Tubules 0.7-2 masentimita yaitali, zoyera. White bowa m'dera Krasnodar ali pores adzakhale ang'ono, woyera, chikasu ndi nthawi. The mmunsi mwa kapu, nayenso, akutembenukira chikasu ndipo amakhala ukalamba chikasu Kamaoneka.

The mwendo kutalika 10 cm, kwa tuberiform m'munsi unakhuthala nthawi pafupifupi cylindrical, pang'ono yokhota kumapeto kapena molunjika, wouma olimba, Mat, wotumbululuka yochitidwa bulauni kapena woyera ndi chitsanzo gululi m'chigawo chapamwamba miyendo.

White bowa mu dera Krasnodar ambiri (pafupi midzi Saratov, Smolensk, Kaluga, Stavropol, Hot nkhani) mu hornbeam ndi thundu, thundu, Oil, mumamera nkhalango paini, zitsamba, clearings, pa mchenga, clayey malo.

leccinum griseum

Tipitirize kuganizira bowa Krasnodar dera. Yophukira - nthawi zazikulu leccinum griseum deta.

chipewa chake m'mimba mwake 10 cm, ndi pilo-wotambasula-otukukira kunja, hemispherical, chikasu bulauni, golide-chikasu, wooneka Kamaoneka, woderapo ndi zofiirira ndi ukalamba. M'mphepete yosalala, olimba, wandiweyani. Kwathunthu youma pamwamba pang'ono makwinya, Mat.

Chifukwa kumatula kwa khungu pali particles tofanana mamba. Pakati pawo kuonekera fibrous thupi grayish-woyera. Ndi minofu, wandiweyani, yochitidwa-grayish, CHIKWANGWANI-thonje ngati. Zimakhala pa yopuma cheza chofiirira wofiirira, ndiye mdima. Zokoma kulawa, okoma bowa fungo. Tubules kutalika kwa masentimita 0.8-2.2. Pores anamaliza-chowulungika anthu. Pamwamba pansi pa kapu ndi m'mphepete mwa yaitali golide-chikasu, mdima chikasu ndi zaka.

Mwendo zotalika 8-14 cm, ndi makulidwe a masentimita 0.9-1.1, yokhota kumapeto kapena molunjika, unakhuthala downwards, mukhale m'munsi, pakati ndi unakhuthala pafupifupi cylindrical, olimba, yochitidwa-grayish mu gawo chapamwamba, m'munsi pang'ono mdima chikasu ndi ukalamba, flaky-fibrous. thupi ndi olimba, chikasu kapena yochitidwa-grayish kumabweza pinki pa yopuma, ndiye wofiira (buluu mokoma ali mwana).

Bowa kutola ikuchitika mu zone foothill (pafupi ndi mudzi wa Ku-Thais, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Saratov, Smolensk), mu hardwoods nkhalango.

Chanterelle weniweni

Kusimba zimene bowa kukula mu Krasnodar angakonde kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa chanterelles lapansi. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa makamaka maonekedwe awo. Kapu 3-9 masentimita awiri, ndi 1.3 masentimita wandiweyani, otukukira kunja pakati pa recessed nthawi nyuzi. Apangidwe pansi m'mphepete, wavy, olimba, woonda. Bowa lachikasu dzira mtundu. Pamwamba youma, yosalala, Mat, thupi la maliseche si wosiyana khungu.

Insipid, osangalatsa bowa fungo. Mphutsi pafupifupi konse anakhudzidwa. Hymenophore mu mawonekedwe a mitsempha nthambi, decurrent pa bowa tsinde. Mitsempha, zomwe m'malo mbale, moperewera malo wandiweyani, mu mawonekedwe a makutu, yosowa kwambiri, si wosiyana zamkati.

Mwendo yokhota kumapeto kapena molunjika, n'kakang'ono pansi, akudutsa upwardly mu bonnet ndi umodzi yofiira, olimba, eccentric kapena chapakati, youma, yosalala, Mat, amaliseche.

Choncho kodi chikuwonjezereka m'dera Krasnodar wa mtundu uwu? Paliponse Kuti tichite zimenezi, woyenera pa phiri foothill zone (pafupi ndi mudzi wa Smolensk, Kaluga, Kamishanova Polyana, Hot Ofunika, pakati pa Nyanja Kardyvach ndi Krasnaya Polyana, mu Arkhyz m'dera Psebaya, pafupi ndi luso. Zelenchukskaya) mu hornbeam ndi thundu, wosakaniza ndi nkhalango coniferous ( Caucasus Oil, Aspen, mumamera otuwira, mapulo, hawthorn), pa mitundu yonse ya nthaka, makamaka kuphimba Moss.

uchi weniweni agaric

Mukudziwa kale zimene bowa ndi kukula mu dera Krasnodar. Tsopano m'pofunika kuganizira akuti malo. Wake kapu 5-10 cm, hemispherical, Kudzilambatitsa, plano-otukukira kunja, zauve-bulauni, chikasu imvi, mdima kwa pakati. Apangidwe pansi m'mphepete, ndiye mosabisa, molunjika, woonda, chimodzi-chidutswa. The pamwamba mouma, yonyowa yekha mu yonyowa, yokutidwa ndi woderapo woonda, zofiirira mamba.

Woonda, wolimba, minofu, woyera thupi. Wowawasa-astringent kulawa, okoma fungo. Mbale anali mwachidule kutsika, kawirikawiri, woyera, ndiye wooneka chikasu, kawirikawiri ndi zowawa za kutsutsana woyera, m'mphepete olimba.

The mwendo pafupifupi nthawi zonse yokhota kumapeto. The cylindrical, chapakati, pang'ono unakhuthala downwardly (zina kukula singly, mtengo), ndi olimba, mtundu wonse ndi kapu ndi, pang'ono paler pamwamba. Pamwamba mphete pakati pansipa - zotanuka, fibrous. Chophimba mu mawonekedwe a kutali woyera membranous mphete.

Tsopano ife kuphunzira kumene amasonkhana bowa m'dera Krasnodar. Ndi mapiri ndi foothill zone (pafupi ndi mudzi wa Smolensk, Kaluga, Castle, p. Il'sky, chigawo Psebaya, Kamishanova Polyana, Arkhyz, p. Laba), mu meadows, mu nkhalango patsinde pa mitengo ikuluikulu pa stumps pa mizu ndi mitengo ikuluikulu moyo zosiyanasiyana miyala.

Chiwerengero cha malo opanda mphete

Amene kukula bowa zambiri Krasnodar Krai? Inde, akuti malo opanda mphete. Iwo ali kufanana kwambiri kwa mtundu zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Chimakula mitanda magulu pafupi, potero kupanga "burashi" kapena "banja". Mu kumtunda kwa aliyense mwendo ndi unakhuthala ndipo imakhala ndi mkombero motsutsana ndi Armillaria m'mbuyomu. Mbale tikukhumba kunsi.

Chimakula mu zone foothill (pafupi ndi mudzi wa Smolensk, Kaluga), mu meadows ndi nkhalango thundu, clearings, komanso akufa thundu mizu.

The bowa ndi edible akutikumbutsa Armillaria mellea makhalidwe flavoring.

boletus wamba

Tiyenera kupitiriza kuyang'ana pa bowa m'dera Krasnodar. Pa boletus wamba chipewa awiri 5-15 masentimita ndi masentimita 3-4 wandiweyani, pillow-, hemispherical, pafupifupi wakuda, wabulauni, kapena wooneka woyera. M'mphepete chidutswa, molunjika, wandiweyani. Pamwamba pang'ono makwinya kapena yosalala, matte ndi youma.

The zamkati ku khungu zimakhudza. Iwo minofu, makulidwe 2.5 cm, woyera, wandiweyani. zigawo Upper pa fupa lothyoka kukhala buluu, zambiri kapena darkens pang'ono akutembenukira pinki. Popanda fungo wapadera ndi kukoma. Tubules kuwonjezera m'mphepete mwa kapu ya. pores awo adzakhale aang'ono, poterera woyera kapena woyera, nthawi zina kutembenukira bulauni pa ukalamba.

Mwendo fusiform ali mwana, unakhuthala pansi, mukanthawi cylindrical, woyera, olimba, yokutidwa ndi mdima-bulauni, grayish mamba. thupi ndi fibrous, wandiweyani, ndi miyala. Mwendo wovulala akutembenukira buluu pamene periphery.

Bowa kutola umachitika mu phiri m'tsinde mabacteria (m'dera stanitsy Smolensk, Kaluga, Engelmanovoy kuchotsa Kamishanova Glade ndi Hot nkhani), deciduous ndi kusakaniza nkhalango Aspen, mumamera nkhuni, Oil, birch, peyala, apulo, hornbeam, otuwira (otuwira) pa malo osiyana.

Ezhovik yellow

Koma mungapeze osati pamwamba pa bowa m'dera Krasnodar. Palinso ezhovik chikasu. Wake chipewa awiri 5-12 cm, otukukira kunja, wandiweyani, makamaka akhakula, cheza chofiirira chikasu kapena chikasu. M'mphepete zambiri wavy, osasamba, wandiweyani. Kwathunthu alekanitsa peel. Zamkati minofu wandiweyani (probkovataya wokalamba), zoyera. Fungo ndi kakomedwe ka bowa, osangalatsa. Wa spines ndi Hymenophore. Spines ndi Chimaona kwambiri, woonda, pinkish.

Tsinde ndi zambiri yokhota kumapeto, mwapang'ono maziko a, cylindrical, kupatula chapakati, nthawi zambiri eccentric, olimba, kuchokera woyera kapena yochitidwa. thupi ndi mtundu umodzi monga zipewa thupi.

Chimakula mu phiri m'tsinde mabacteria (m'dera stanitsy Castle, Kaluga, Kamishanova Glade, Hot Ofunika, ndi pakati pa Nyanja Yofiira Kardyvach Glade Zelenchukskaya pakati ndi Psebay). Bowa angapezeke mu conifer (paini, Oil), ndipo nkhalango wosanganiza yolimba.

morel weniweni

Tipitirize kuona bowa m'chigawo Krasnodar. Mu mtundu uwu wa mutu kutalika 4-8 cm, 3-5 cm mulifupu, wooneka, ovoid. M'mphepete kwenikweni ndi mwendo ndi amachiza kwathunthu. The mauna pamwamba anamaliza maselo. Thupi ndi Chimaona, waxy, zoyera. Fungo ndi kakomedwe ka bowa, osangalatsa.

Mwendo kutalika kwa 4-9 masentimita kwa 3 cm wandiweyani, pang'ono yokhota kumapeto kapena molunjika, yosalala, cylindrical, yochitidwa-chikasu dzenje.

Mu chakudya ankadya mwatsopano (stewed, wokazinga) mawonekedwe. Kwenikweni amafuna chisanadze mankhwala, chifukwa zimavuta kusiyanitsa ndi mizere, salembedwa edible.

woyera truffle

Thupi zipatso anamaliza mawonekedwe osasamba, makamaka ndi dimples kapena m'makwinya, ndi mtedza kapena mbatata tuber. Kukula kwa 4-10 cm (mwamphamvu amachepetsa pamene youma) kulemera - mpaka 500 ga grayish woyera pamwamba, ndiye brownish kuwala, yosalala, losweka mu ukalamba.

Minofu zamkati, woyera pamene wamng'ono, kenako imvi chikasu. Iwo ali odulidwa nsangalabwi chithunzi mizere sinuous mdima, ali zikwama. Fruiting thupi ndili wamng'ono popanda kukoma, pamene akakhwima ali ndi zabwino, mwachilungamo amphamvu bowa kukoma.

Agaricus campestris

Chophimba cha bowa izi za 5-10 cm, otukukira kunja, hemispherical, plano-otukukira kunja, wooneka imvi kapena woyera, sasintha kuthamanga. Yokhota kumapeto m'mphepete, ndiye molunjika, chimodzi-chidutswa, yosalala, woonda. Yosalala pamwamba, peel mosavuta wosiyana zamkati. thupi ndi wandiweyani, minofu, woyera, pang'ono akutembenukira pinki pa yopuma. Fungo ndi kakomedwe ka bowa, osangalatsa. Mbale pafupipafupi, lotayirira, choyamba pinki mithunzi, zambiri brownish, wooneka, ndipo potsiriza, ndi woderapo, pafupifupi wakuda. Iwo osavomerezeka ntchito mu m'badwo uno. Pa nsonga ya mbale chidutswa.

Mwendo yokhota kumapeto kapena molunjika, cylindrical, chapakati, mwapang'ono m'munsi kapena mosabisa, olimba, unakhuthala yosalala, yochitidwa, matte, youma. ❖ kuyanika wa zofuna tcheru ndi sanasinthe.

Chophimba mu mawonekedwe a woyera, monolayer, mphete n'kupuma anakonza pa tsinde la. Chivundikiro okwana palibe.