Valeriy Fedorovich Bykovsky. Cosmonaut. Ntchito, kupirira ndi mwai

Mtima zakalekale za dziko lathu mwa anthu osiyana ndi osokoneza. Koma ziribe kanthu momwe omwazika maganizo amene Soviet Union wakhala ankakonda amphamvu, luso, anthu odabwitsa, ngwazi osati nthawi yake - mfundo angatsutse. Dziko lathu anali oyamba kwambiri kuchita phunziro mwachindunji kwa chilengedwe ndi. Cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky, amene yonena - mndandanda olimba a mphoto, ndi zina zikayenda bwino, wanzeru woimira gululo mtundu wa anthu aakulu.

Today Valery Fedorovich makumi asanu ndi atatu, ali wosangalala ndiponso ochezeka. Ndi kumwetulira ndi lomveka wosaoneka chisoni limodzi ndi otsatira zambiri, nzeru zawo ndiponso achita.

ubwana

August 2, 1934 mu banja Bykovskikh anabadwa mwana, amene amayembekezeka kukhala wokayenda pamwezi wotchuka. banja mwana anali kukhala ku Pavlovsky Posad. Atate Fyodor - msilikali wakale KGB, wantchito wa Utumiki wa njanji. mayi ake, Klavdiya, nthawi zonse zoyenera banja ndi kunyumba.

Valery Fedorovich osati mwana yekhayo m'banja, iye ali mlongo wachikulire Margarita Fyodorovna (m'banja Mikheev).

Bykovskii mwana amayenera kusintha sukulu ziwiri. Iye woyamba sukulu pa Soviet ofesi ya kazembe ku Tehran, ndipo kuyambira kalasi chiwiri, anaphunzira Moscow.

Kuyambira ndili mwana, iye raved za nyenyezi ndi thambo Valery Bykovsky. Cosmonaut anayamba ntchito yake Nyenyezi ndi chakuti mnyamata analowa Moscow Aero Club. Ndiye bwinobwino maphunziro ndege sukulu m'dera Penza. Iye anali ndi zaka 19.

Maphunziro ndi zinachitikira loyamba

Bykovskii cosmonaut anayamba ntchito yake ya aerokuluba kapena "pervonachalki" pamaso maphunziro. Yotopetsa kulimbitsa thupi mu nyengo iliyonse, woyamba zouluka zinachitikira ndi umwana zosankha zofunika kwambiri pamoyo - ndicho chimene n'kumupatsa Moscow Aero Club. Valery Fedorovich khalidwe lili kulandira ulemu apamwamba. Alangizi ankakhulupiriranso kuti uchlet amakonda kuuluka, kupanga izo molimba molimba mtima, sayansi amaphunzira mwakhama ndi kuonetsa chidwi. Kusiya ndege wake woyamba sukulu, Bykovsky (wokayenda pamwezi posachedwapa) litakhazi- anaganiza kulowa sukulu ya ndege womenya.

Phunziro Kachin usilikali Aviation School, anali mwachibadwa zovuta yoopsa. magawo othandiza inachitika pa kofulumiraku, koma Valery Fedorovich nayo nthawi, iye ankakonda anapatsidwa phunziro labwino kwambiri. Onse makhalidwe Autograph yekha ndemanga yothandiza: Hardy, komanso zochokera, kanthu. zizindikiro zonse chiphunzitso ndi machitidwe - ". kwambiri"

ofesi

Khama ndiponso khama Bykovskiy Ine V mbali msanga akwaniritsa bwino. Fast zokwanira mkulu mkulu unasamutsidwira interceptor squadron. Valery Fedorovich ankakumbukira mmene ntchito, kuukira mpweya, nkhondowo nkhawa ndi zolemba n'kofunika kuona anthu amene ali pafupi ndi inu, kuwakhulupirira. Pamene, mbali iye anawulukira ku MIG, ndinali 100 peresenti zedi pa ndege, chifukwa cha khama la Konkova zida zake.

zaka zambiri ndi comrades wabwino anagula mu zaka za utumiki tsogolo wokayenda pamwezi Bykovsky. yonena lake adzakhala kusinthidwa ndi zioneke bwino ndi yofunika zofunika zonse pa dziko. Valery Fedorovich kuyambira ali mu masewera: mpira, zamijaha, kuchinga. No zochepa chidwi ndi buku lake masewera. Ntchito maphunziro ndi kudzikonda maphunziro Valery Fedorovich amaona mbali zofunika kwambiri pa moyo, wokondwa kumvetsa malo osiyanasiyana chidziwitso. Ndipo asilikali Soviet mu bwalo la monga okonda, monga achinyamata, yogwira, ndipo chinachititsa ndege, Iye anapitiriza kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kudzikonda kusintha.

mayesero wapadzadziko

Mnyamata aliyense Soviet kudzakhala ngwazi, kutumikira Mama, kugonjetsa nsonga ndi kufufuza zinthu zosadziwika, koma sanali ndi Bykovsky. Cosmonaut mu moyo ndi moyo woyendetsa sitima, aganiza kuyesa dzanja lake ndipo anatumiza sitima loto.

Pa mayeso oyamba, chimene chinayamba Valery Fedorovich - Commission Medical. Dziwani kuti madokotala kuchititsa kusankha ndi kupereka chilolezo chakuti kuwuluka osamalitsa kwambiri, atakhala ndi osatetezeka. Ngati pali ngakhale kupatuka pang'ono kuchokera magawo anakhumba, kupeza flights ayi. Medical Pakuti ndege, chombo, ndipo ngakhale koposa choncho, umachitika nthawi zonse. Chisangalalo ndi mavuto maofesi madokotala zikuchulukirachulukira. Kodi anyamata ambiri adagawana kumeneko ndi loto lake! Koma Bykovskii zapita gawo loyamba ndi omasuka, ndi kokha zofuna za kupambana ndi kuvomereza kumwetulira madokotala.

Gawo lachiwiri - ndi potsanzira zinthu zotheka m'malere. Chifukwa chaichi kunali koyenera kuti pamayeso a simulators zosiyanasiyana, makhazikitsidwe m'chipinda. Dissemble ndi kunyenga chikhalidwe ndi madokotala sakanakhoza kukhala wina aliyense. Sankhani yekha kwambiri, cholimba kwambiri ndi wathanzi. Kotero anali Bykovsky. Koma chimenechi chinali chiyambi cha njira yovuta.

opita banja Star City

The Star City Cosmonaut okhwima ulamuliro: masewera, nkhawa, makalasi, zida thupi, Medical. ndodo latsopano anali ansangala kwambiri, akhama ndipo anadzipereka. Autograph comrades osankhidwa Wachiwiri mlembi wa komiti ya Komsomol. Nkhawa Valery Fedorovich kwambiri kuchuluka, koma moyo wake chidwi kwambiri ndi watanthauzo. A anzako ndi mzanga wabwino anagula mu Bykovsky zaka. Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin ndi munthu mofanana odziwika bwino kuphunzitsa naye mu Star.

Mmodzi wa simulators kwambiri akatswiri onse m'tsogolo - Centrifuge. Iye kunachitika zimamuchulukira mphamvu la munthu, ndipo Bykovskii anasonyeza zothandiza pa izo. Mwamsanga katswiri maphunziro ndi malangizo a mabogi, madokotala, motero patsogolo kwambiri.

Imodzi mwa ntchito chidwi kwambiri mwina kukhala mu weightlessness. A zachilendo kwambiri, iye ankaganiza Valery Bykovsky (wokayenda pamwezi) - kukhala ndi makhalidwe kuti akhale yekha. Kutalikirana chipinda kukula kwa theka mamita lalikulu, kumene popanda zida ndi mpando anali chakudya ndi mabuku yekha, iye anali kuona zimene adzafa mu mlengalenga. Iye anagwira ntchito, anaimba, ananena ndakatulo, kuwerenga mabuku, pomanga tebulo. Zinatha masiku oposa atatu predkosmicheskoe wake woyamba kusungulumwa. Bykovsky anali woyamba amene wakhala mu chipinda payekha.

zouluka

spacewalk wake woyamba Valery Fedorvovich anapanga pa wamalonda zombo "Vostok-5". Pafupifupi masiku asanu anakhala mu malo mkulu Bykovsky mu 1963. The ndege chachiwiri, pa bolodi "Soyuz 21" mu 1976, pamene iye adali mtsogoleri, anatenga nthawi zambiri - maola 189. The ndege wachitatu, pa bolodi "Soyuz 31" mu 1978, nthawi inali yofanana.

masiku 20 maola 17, okwana atatu ndege sanali pa dziko Lapansi wokayenda pamwezi Bykovsky. Photo by Valery Fedorovich kukometsera manyuzipepala, Aulemu Board ya Soviet Union. Mwana aliyense amafuna kukhala ngati iye. Ndipo iye ali otopa kawiri mawu a bambo ake: ". Ntchito - ndodo amene wagwirizira zonse munthu"