Vera Davidova - Soviet kuimba: yonena, chidwi mfundo, zilandiridwenso

Woimba Vera Davidova moyo wautali kwambiri. Mwatsoka, nkhani pafupifupi anapitiriza mawu ake, koma kuganiza akhala omvera amene anali kamodzi chidwi ndi iwo. dzina lake tsopano nthaŵi pambali pakutchulidwa Stalin, ngakhale kuti chilungamo ndithu. Vera Aleksandrovna Davydova anali woimba kwambiri oyenera kukhala mu mbiri ya luso.

ubwana

Anabadwa tsogolo sewero la nyenyezi Vera Davydova September 17, 1906 mu Nizhny Novgorod m'banja zabwino. mtundu wake wa akuchikazi anakwera Pozharsky, komanso m'banja anali amalonda, koma palibe amene anali ubale uliwonse ndi luso. Banja anali ndi ana asanu. The bambo kawirikawiri anataya mu Nizhny Novgorod Fair, ndi chisamaliro onse a ana anagona pa mapewa a mayi. Pomaliza, mayi anga sindikanakhoza kupirira Chikhulupiriro, wanyamula ana ndipo anasamukira ku Far East, kumene anakwatiwanso. Iwo bambo anaona yachilendo musicality atsikana ndipo analimbikira kuti iye anayamba kuphunzira nyimbo.

Mu 1912, Vera ku sukulu ndi mu kufanana anatenga maphunziro limba ndi kuimba. Mu sukulu, anayamba anabwera powonekera. Pamene Far East kusesa Civil nkhondo, makolo ake anasamukira ku Vera mu Blagoveshchensk. Pali diva tsogolo anapita kukaphunzira nyimbo limba L. Kuksinskoy. Iye anakonza Chikhulupiriro soloist mu kwaya ya tchalitchi mzinda.

zaka kuphunzira

The kupambana akazi nyimbo anali akulu, kamodzi anamva kuti ku mzinda ndi ulendo wa wotchuka kuimba A. Labinskiy ndipo anamulimbikitsa kuti apitirize kuphunzira. Ndipo mu 1924, Vera Davidova anatumizidwa ku Leningrad kuti maphunziro. Glazunov, wochititsa mayeso pa Leningrad Conservatory, anagwidwa ndi mphamvu ndi kukongola kwa mawu Faith, ndiye kuti mobwerezabwereza anapereka thandizo. Ndipo mu chaka cha 1924 Davidov anaona dzina lake mu mndandanda wa ana asukulu pasukulu. Na Rimsky-Korsakov. Anaphunzira m'kalasi E. Devos-Soboleva, anapezeka makalasi pa sewero la situdiyo ya I. Ershov. Ndi njira yoyamba ake yomweyo kunditumiza ku wachitatu chifukwa bwino pang'ono kukhala dongosolo maphunziro.

kuyambira pa msewu

Back mu masiku ake wophunzira Vera Davidova debuted pa siteji ya wotchuka Kirov Ballet. Iye anachita tsamba masewera a mu Urbana sewero la "Les Huguenots." Titamaliza inali mu 1930. Kukhulupirira zaka ziwiri iye ntchito zina pa Kirov Theatre, pamene iye anachita maudindo mu Martha "Khovanshchina" ndi Amneris mu "Aida" ndiponso ankaimba nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana yodziyimira payokha ambiri a mbali tingachipeze powerenga opera.

ntchito za zisudzo

Mu 1932, Vera Davidova, kuimba ndi wapadera mezzo-woimba anandiitana ku Bolshoi Theatre. Bakuman chipani cha woimba pa siteji chachikulu cha dziko anali Amneris mu sewero la "Aida". Ndiye, akutiakuti, kenako akunjoya zabwino repertoire dziko za zisudzo: Lyubava mu "Sadko", Lyubasha mu "Mkwatibwi The Tsar a", Marfa mu "Khovanshchina" Aksinya mu "Matama Umayenda ya Don" Marina Mniszek mu "Boris Godunov". Koma chipani waukulu ndi chabwino anakhala Carmen. Otsutsa ndi connoisseurs wa sewero la anavomereza kuti Davidov anali abwino a Carmen pa siteji ya Soviet Union.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, imba anali anasamutsidwa kuti Tbilisi, kumene iye anaimba m'nyumba za zisudzo, ndipo zaka anabwera ku Azerbaijan, mu zipatala mu Nyanja Black, mu Armenia. ntchito ake mu zisudzo wakhala bwino, analibe mpikisano. Davidov ntchito pa Bolshoi mpaka 1956.

Iye wagwiritsa anabwera m'mayiko ena, dzina lake linali lodziwika bwino mu Finland, Norway, Hungary, Sweden.

Pakuti kuphedwa kwa Davydova bwino chodabwitsa kuphatikiza kuimba ndi kuchita Mawu. Otsutsa analemba kuti Vera Alexandrovna sanali kokha kwambiri njira, komanso deta ndi wosewera kwambiri a. heroines ake anamenya zinachitikira kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwambiri.

chipinda nyimbo

Kuwonjezera pa sewero Davydova kuthera nthawi yambiri ntchito kuphedwa chipinda. Mu 1944, iye anachita mkombero "Russian chibwenzi ku chiyambi chake mpaka pano", zimene zinaphatikizapo ntchito 200, kuyambira nyimbo za m'ma 17, kutsiriza ndi pang'ono odziwika pa ntchito Glier, Myaskovsky, Shaporin. M'gulu pulogalamu zikuchokera Rimsky-Korsakoff ndi S.Rakhmaninov.

Otsutsa ananena kuti ntchitoyo Vera Alexandrovna adani osiyana makhalidwe abwino ndi mzimu wa nyimbo lamavutoli. Aliyense song, anachita Davydova, ndi mosamala woyengedwa mini-nkhani imene mawu akulu woimba kwagogomezeredwa tanthauzo la ntchito. A kupambana kwakukulu pakati omvera anasangalala Vera Alexandrovna pulogalamu, kuphatikizapo ntchito ndi Grieg, Sinding, Sibelius ndi Oimba ena ku Scandinavia.

Moyo mu Georgia

Pambuyo retiring ku Bolshoi Theatre mu 1956, Vera Alexandrovna ndi mwamuna wake anasamukira ku Tbilisi. Pano, iye wakhala akugwira ntchito kuyambira 1959 pa Tbilisi State Conservatory. Pa zaka chiphunzitso Davydova kutulutsa gulu la ojambula kwambiri, kuphatikizapo Maklavu Kasrashvili, soloist wa Bolshoi Theatre, Mmisiri Anthu a USSR. Mu 1964, Davydova anali kupereka mutu wa pulofesa pasukulu. Iye wakhala akuweta ophunzira Chinese, amene mwapadera anabwera Soviet Union kuti adziwe luso la sukulu Soviet opera. Mu Tbilisi, Vera Alexandrovna moyo mpaka imfa yake.

Anasiya ndi kukumbukira

Mwatsoka, kuti anapulumuka pang'ono ndithu mawu matsenga Recordings Vera Davidova. Today inu angamvetsere kujambula mu 1937 Bizet a pa sewero "Carmen" za zisudzo ndi Tchaikovsky "Mazepa" (positi 1948), Verdi a "Aida" (1952), Na Rimsky-Korsakov a "Sadko" (1952).

imba sanaiwale kudziko lakwawo. Polemekeza 105 kubadwa mu Nizhny Novgorod ndinkakhala nalo madzulo pokumbukira Vera Davidova, mu 2012, pambuyo konsati ake unachitikira, limene anaimba ankakonda ake maudindo zisudzo ndi romances.

Mphotho ndi maudindo

Vera Davidova mobwerezabwereza kupereka kwa talente yake kwambiri. Iye anali kupereka wa Stalin Prize katatu. Mu 1937, iye anali kupereka mutu "analemekeza Chithunzi cha RSFSR" koma mu 1951 iye anali kupereka mutu "Mmisiri Anthu a RSFSR". Ndili Tbilisi, anakhala mwini mutu "Mmisiri Anthu a Chijojiya SSR". Vera Alexandrovna anali kupereka mendulo angapo, Labour Red Chabwino ndi "baji Ulemu".

moyo

Vera Alexandrovna kukwatiwa anakaphunzira pa Leningrad Conservatory, ndi woimba aluso ochokera Georgia wotchedwa Dmitry Mchelidze. Pamodzi ndi banja ndakhala kwa zaka pafupifupi 60. Wotchedwa Dmitry Semenovich anali katswiri yoimba, anaimba pa Mariinsky Theater, ndiyeno angapo anadza palimodzi pa Bolshoi Theatre. Mu 1950 iye anali mtsogoleri wa gululo wa bwalo lamasewera. Mu 1951 wotchedwa Dmitry kunditumiza ku ntchito Tbilisi, namtsata Iye ndi Vera Alexandrovna. Banjalo anaphunzitsa pamodzi pa Tbilisi Conservatory. Pamene mwamuna wake anamwalira mu 1983, abale anapereka Vera Alexandrovna kubwerera ku Moscow, koma iye sanayese n'komwe kusiya manda mkazi.

Vera Davidova ndi Stalin: choonadi ndi zopeka

Lero, Vera Davidova dzina zodziwika kwambiri yakuti osati chifukwa cha ntchito yake, ndipo mogwirizana ndi munthu Stalin. Ngakhale pamene ntchito ya imba pa Bolshoi Theatre otsutsa m'khutu kumbuyo kwake, zikayenda ake onse imakhudzana ndi mkulu zothandizira mipingo yawo.

Mu 1993 bukhu linasindikizidwa ku London ndi L. Gendlin "kuvomereza kwa mbuye wa Stalin" lomwe linalembedwa ndi nkhope woimba wa. Pamene Vera Alexandrovna atadziwa buku lino, ndi m'mbali adatsutsa mfundo zonse zimene kumeneko. mdzukulu wake Olga Mchelidze amanena zomwe bukuli waphetsa agogo ake omwe sakanakhoza kupirira mwamwano chotero. Olga, malinga imba, amanena kuti palibe kugwirizana pakati Stalin ndi Davydova sanali. Kuti pamene anabweretsedwa dacha wake, kumene kunali mwachidule, ndipo ubwenzi umenewu nthawi inatha. Anthu amene anakhalapo nthawi imeneyo, iwo amati, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti woimba angathe kupulumuka ngati analephera mtsogoleri. Koma zopelekedwa umboni ndi umboni weniweni wa mgwirizano pakati woimba ndi Stalin palibe.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Vera Davidova anali kazembe Supreme Soviet wa wachiwiri ndi wachitatu convocation. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, imba anapereka zoimbaimba ochepa, chindapusa kwa amene adatumizidwa kwa Fund silikhali. Davydov sanalandire udindo wa "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR", kuti dzina la pa mndandanda pa awarding chidwi ndi Stalin yekha.