Stone marten: maonekedwe, khalidwe ndi zakudya

Kodi mukudziwa chifukwa chake mwala marten wotchedwa choncho? Anthu nyama pang'ono wokongola? The aziphedwa? Kodi marten mwala moyo panyumba? Pa izi ndi ambiri mafunso ena timayesetsa m'nkhani ino.

mbali kunja

Marten - mmodzi wa kalasi ambiri nyama zolusa. Nyama yaing'ono, ndi ang'ono ndi kusintha kwa thupi, tsitsi fluffy ndi mdani kwambiri mbalame ndi nyama zambiri. Pakali pano, akatswiri apeza mitundu 8 marten. Wotchuka wa iwo - mwala ndi mitundu nkhuni.

Stone marten ali elongated wochepa thupi, Kasungu ndi yaitali mchira. miyendo yake ndi yaifupi. Izi kuipanikiza nyama ali ndi mawonekedwe triangular. Makutu lalikulu, anapereka mkulu. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti nyamayi ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi ferret a. Akuchita M'zimenezo. Chachikulu kusiyana - ogawika yowala malo pa chifuwa marten kudutsa mikwingwirima awiri pa miyendo kutsogolo. Koma muyenera kudziwa kuti anthu Asian a mitundu alibe mawanga.

ubweya nyama wokongola amphamvu, utoto kulocha greyish-Brown kapena wooneka chikasu. maso akuda. usiku amalimbikitsa pabuka mtundu. Stone marten, ndi chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino, masamba pansi kuda bwino kuposa nkhalango ake "msuweni." Zomuchotsa uyu pang'ono chilombo leaps, pamene miyendo yakumbuyo bwino kugwa pa njira ya kutsogolo. Chifukwa, kukhala zipsera, amene alenje kuitana "dvuhchetka".

Za nkhalango mbalame belodushka (marten) chimasiyana kwambiri. Ndi pang'ono yaitali mchira, malo pa khosi ali chikasu kulocha mdima mphuno, mapazi yokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Marten mwala ankawonjezereka, ndi miyeso yake Meunier. wamkulu thupi nyama kutalika - 55 cm, mchira - 30 cm -. 1 2.5 makilogalamu. Amuna ali kwambiri lalikulu kuposa akazi.

Stone marten: dera yogawa

Nyama imeneyi amakhala mu mapiri treeless a Altai mu Caucasus, mu nkhalango floodplain Ciscaucasia, ndipo nthawizina mu mizinda ndi malo olandilirako alendo a m'madera kum'mwera kwa Russia. Kufalitsidwa ndi mtundu uwu martens mu Europe ndi ku Asia, pa chilumba cha Iberia, mu Mongolia ndi HimalayasI.

Amakumana ndi mu Ukraine, ku Baltic, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Central ndi Middle Asia. M'nkhalango miyoyo nyama, mutsogolerane ndi malo lotseguka ndi tchire ang'ono ndi apo mitengo osakwatiwa, miyala mtunda. N'chifukwa chake cholengedwacho otchedwa. N'zosadabwitsa, nyama yaying'ono iyi si mantha anthu nthawi zambiri angapezeke mu zapansi ndi limatifotokozera, attics a nyumba.

Muli ndi chidwi nkhani ya kunyumba m'ndende? Mu ukapolo, mwala marten pafupifupi moyo. Chifukwa cha ichi, n'kovuta kupeza ngakhale anali kumalo osungira zikuluzikulu. Komabe, mu Germany, ku Central Zoo wa Berlin, ku Germany anatha kulenga zinthu pafupifupi wangwiro, kukhala pafupi ndi malo awo achilengedwe.

subspecies

Akatswiri ndi kugawidwa onse mwala marten mu subspecies anayi.

1. European belodushka. Kumachitika m'madera ena a gawo European ya Soviet Union ndi Ulaya.
2. Crimea belodushka. Monga momveka bwino, ndi wokhala ya Crimea. Iwo ali chosiyana ndi achibale ena a dongosolo la mano, chigaza ang'ono ndi mtundu mbandakucha.
3. Caucasus belodushka. Ndi subspecies waukulu tikukhala mu Caucasus, ali wapatali ndi wokongola chonyezimira ubweya underfur.
4. Chapakati ku Asia belodushka sankhani malo okhala a Altai. Iye pectoral banga ndi bwino anakamba. Iwo ali ubweya zobiriwira kwambiri.

Khalidwe mu chilengedwe

Stone marten akugwira analamula ndi usiku. Masana amagona akubisala m'dzenje mtengo kapena m'magulu zisa za mbalame zodya nyama. Zambiri za moyo marten anapitiriza nthambi za mitengo, kotero apo iwo Suopa kwambiri - mukwere makungwa, kudumpha kuchokera nthambi. kulumpha awo mpaka mamita 4.

Marten ndipo mofulumira kusuntha pamodzi pansi. Munthu aliyense ali ndi gawo yake, malire amene m'pamene chinsinsi wapadera. Ngati mlendo kumaphwanya gawo, nkhondo zotheka pakati pa nyama. Komabe, amuna ndi akazi aataliatali nthawi zambiri zimalowana. M'dera la ziwembu izi zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo pa chaka. Pa yotentha madera kuposa m'nyengo yozizira.

The aziphedwa civet

Marten - zolusa, kotero maziko chakudya tichipeza nyama zing'onozing'ono - makoswe, agologolo, akalulu, mbalame. M'mudzimo amanena kuti nyama zimenezi alendo kawirikawiri ndithu henhouses. Pamene mbalame kuyamba kuda nkhawa, udzu, ngakhale ndithu zodyetsedwa bwino marten sadzatha kupondereza chibadwa chanu - zonse ziri mbalame akudutsa.

Kugwira nyama yake, chilombo kukanda vertebrae ake, akuyamwitsa lilime, apangidwe mu chubu, magazi ofunda. Stone marten ankatha kugwira ndi kumvetsa msilikali mbalame kapena kukwera mu bowo ndi kudya mazira. Mu chilimwe, nyama kugwira zosiyanasiyana tizilombo, achule. Marten zina adaonjezeredwa ku chakudya chawo chakudya zamasamba, monga kulamulira, zipatso kapena zipatso.

Kusakasaka mwala marten misampha

Pakuti odziwa mlenje marten ndi woyenera mpikisano. Izi mochenjera, agile ndipo mwamsanga chilombo amatha pa kuwathamangitsa kuti kuzilambalala mavuto osiyanasiyana, kuzemba amabisala mitengo. Nyengo boma akuyamba mu November. Monga tanena kale, izi chilombo nocturnal (marten). Kusaka n'chotheka usiku. Only mu nkhani iyi mulibe kubwerera kunyumba chimanjamanja.

Njira yabwino kwambiri kusaka nyama zimenezi ndi ntchito misampha. Ambiri ntchito msampha chiwerengero 1. Aliyense mlenje ali zinsinsi zawo unsembe wawo. Pofuna kugawana ndi mmodzi wa iwo. Misampha ayenera kuikidwa pa nthambi za mtengo pa msinkhu wa mamita awiri, pomwe iwo Musanyalanyaze zonse chisanu. Ndipo pamene nyama kugwa mu msampha, iye sadzakhala nawo mwayi kutuluka (mu Limbo).

msampha A ndi nyambo ayenera kuyikidwa pafupi njira zodutsidwadutsidwa. Kusaka pa marten (misampha) si misa, chiwerengero cha nyama zimenezi si lalikulu kwambiri. Kupeza nyama kuli kovuta. Komabe, ambiri woopsawo kusaka marten - ndi ankasirira mpikisano.