Wofalitsa ndi cuttings ndi mbewu za chitumbuwa: kufotokoza, chisamaliro ndi kulondolera

Kubalana yamatcheri - onse zonse ndipo ankaona - m'dera wakunja kwatawuni njira zotheka osiyana. Koma ambiri a chikhalidwe onse wasukuluka akadali cuttings wobiriwira. Nthawi zina ntchito izi ndi mafupa.

Kodi kusankha zinthu kubzala

Best kuchita rooting cuttings zosiyanasiyana chitumbuwa, anatengedwa kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira wobiriwira wa annuals. Kudula, ayenera oyambirira June - nyengo ya kukula yogwira. Onani ngati kupulumuka kwa kudula nsalu kubzala, monga woyenera. Ngati Manga pa ndondomeko chala anasankha sadzakhala kuswa - mukhoza bwinobwino kudula phesi wake. Kutalika mulingo woyenera nthambi, anaikira tichotseretu ndi 5-7 cm.

Masamba pa chogwirira akhale awiri. Kumene, kudula mphukira ayenera kukhala wathanzi, undamaged. Pansi m'munsi impso pambuyo kudulira akhale cuttings za 1.5 masentimita yaitali. Timapepala ta ayenera adzafupikitsidwa ndi theka. Top mphukira Kadulidwa pamwamba chabe Mphukira.

Kubalana chitumbuwa maenje - ndondomeko zambiri zophweka. Pankhaniyi, chodzala zakuthupi amachokera zipatso zabwino.

Kukonzekera mu kubalana ndi cuttings

Dulani nthambi kuti ziume yamatcheri sayenera. Apo ayi, m'tsogolo adzakhala oipa mizu. Kubalana chitumbuwa cuttings yotentha kumafuna presoaking chatha chokha atsopano IBA asidi njira (50 g / l masana). Kumiza chodzala tiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 2-2.5 cm. Anakonza uzipereka mu kapu kapena zadothi ware. izo ozizira kwambiri, ndithudi, sayenera. Kuchepetsa asidi bwino kumbuyo mu madzi firiji.

Kubalana chitumbuwa softwood cuttings: njira ya tichotseretu

Land Choncho ankachitira timphukira bwino ang'onoang'ono filimu teplichke polyethylene. Ndi njira imeneyi tichotseretu iwo ayenera nthawi madzi ndi ventilate. Chodzala ndi cuttings ayenera akuya pafupifupi 2.5 cm. Nthaka chiyenera kukhala ofunda kwambiri (25-30 g).

Nthawi zina cuttings zimachokera ndi luso yosiyaniranapo. Pankhaniyi, ntchito mandala mapepala apulasitiki. Anatsanulira ndi gawo lapansi okonzeka. Aliyense phukusi anabzala pa ziboda ziwiri. Kenako mu thumba m'kamwa mpweya ndi mpweya ndi kuchimanga.

Cherry muzu cuttings, zambiri mwa masabata awiri. Panthawi imeneyi, filimu teplichke ayenera kuchotsedwa. kubzala zakuthupi anaikidwa phukusi, masiku 14 pang'onopang'ono anazolowera mpweya wabwino, kutsegula koyamba kwa theka la ola ndi tsiku, kenako kwa nthawi yotalikirapo.

Wofalitsa ndi cuttings anamva yamatcheri anachita pa luso chomwecho monga mwachizolowezi. mitundu akhoza mizu mwa teplichke kapena phukusi. Mlingo kupulumuka kwa cuttings wobiriwira a mitundu yonse yamatcheri wabwino. Childs 50-80% kubzala mizu zakuthupi.

Ayamikira za zikuchokera kwa nthaka

Kumene, kuswana chitumbuwa mukapambana koposa pa ankafika cuttings sizimene sod dothi, makamaka gawo lapansi ndi. zabwino kwambiri tichotseretu kudula nthambi osakaniza yabwino pa munda nthaka ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1. Mukhozanso ntchito peat ndi perlite kapena kukodzedwa dongo.

phukusi ayenera kutsanulira osakaniza zosiyanasiyana pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri anakonza kuchokera ndiwo zamasamba nthaka ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero 1: 1. Aliyense paketi wosanjikiza osakaniza unatsanuliridwa mu 9 cm. Kuchokera pamwamba ndi zofunika kuwonjezera masentimita 2 mwachizolowezi otsukidwa mchenga.

Pa zaka zimene kumuika

Pitirizani njirayi monga kubalana wobiriwira yamatcheri cuttings kutengerapo kubzala mfundo okhazikika. Mitengo, akulimba Teplička, kawirikawiri anasiya kukula mu makama pa chaka - awiri. Mulimonsemo, pamaso Thirani iwo mizu ayenera kuyesetsa kutalika osachepera 15 masentimita, muzu kolala - awiri osachepera 4 mamilimita ndi kutalika - 80-100 masentimita ndi makulidwe a thunthu -. Manga 1-1.2 masentimita mbande wamkulu choti kosatha ngati m'dzinja ndi masika. Mpaka ankafika pa iwo asungidwe lonyowa.

Cuttings mizu mwa magulu, za 3 masabata pambuyo mabedi chodzala ndi kunditumiza ku ana. Chaka chotsatiracho (kapena awiri) iwo ali pansi.

Wofalitsa ndi cuttings wa chitumbuwa m'chilimwe: kusankha ikamatera malo

mitengo anaikidwa akhoza kukhala wamkulu pafupifupi kulikonse. Komabe, ena amafuna akuyimabe pa malo kutsatira kusankha malo ankafika:

1. Pansi yatsoka mlingo mu malo kulima chitumbuwa sayenera zosakwana 2.5 m.
2. Best wa onse, chikhalidwe akuona pa mchenga kapena loamy dothi podzol ndi ngalande wabwino.

Sikuti kubzala mbewu izi peaty ndi madzi kapena dothi kwambiri schebenchatyh. Ngati kuuluka madzi pa malo yoyenera pamwamba kwambiri pafupi, yamatcheri kuvala chisanadze anatsanulira phiri.

Wofalitsa ndi cuttings wa chitumbuwa lili ndi chinthu chinanso. Posankha malo mbewu ayenera kuganizira zinthu monga ngakhale mbewu zosiyanasiyana horticultural. Best wa onse, zomera akuona yokha pafupi maapulo ndi mapeyala. Oyandikana ndi maula, maula ndi apurikoti chitumbuwa anasamutsidwa si zabwino kwambiri.

Kodi zibzalidwe

Kuyambira mabedi teplichek ndi zambiri kuchuluka chitumbuwa anasamutsa mu chisanadze anakumba dzenje awiri 60 akuya masentimita 80 Nthaka kuchotsedwa iwo. Uli wosakanizika ndi zidebe ziwiri za manyowa, komanso pang'ono mchenga ndi peat. The gawo lapansi analandira Chinawonjezeka kilogalamu wa phulusa nkhuni, 120 ga sulphate potaziyamu ndi 300 ga superphosphate.

Pochvosmes Choncho anakonza udzathiridwa mu mulu dzenje. Mizu ya mmera anali preincubated mu osakaniza manyowa-dongo.

Kukula kwa mbewu

Kubalana chitumbuwa zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu izi kubzala. Koma ntchito kawirikawiri ndithu. chakuti panopa ku mbewu ya yamatcheri osati makhalidwe MITUNDU kukhala. Zomera zimenezi nthawi zambiri sakhala bwino anasamutsidwa ozizira ndipo musati amasiyana mkulu zokolola. Komabe, iwo ali bwino wosakanikirana ngati chitsa a. Nthawi zambiri, njira imeneyi kulima ntchito kwa mwake chitumbuwa. Ena wamaluwa amaona kuti mitundu ngakhale zambiri ankakonda. Phunziro kwa sayansi kubalana maenje anamva chitumbuwa akhoza kukhala kwenikweni bwino.

Chodzala chuma pogwiritsa ntchito njira kuswana kutenga mitengo ya m'deralo. Kudzala nthanga za mu nthaka yabwino m'dzinja. Kumera wa iwo, mwatsoka, osati kwathunthu, ndipo kotero muwachotse iwo chipatso ofunika kwambiri. Kuika mfundo kubzala munda wa zosiyanasiyana ayenera kukhala increments pafupifupi 25 cm.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kuswana luso ndi masika. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, ndi bwino zoberekera za maenje anamva chitumbuwa zimatheka pamene molondola anachita stratification. Ndondomeko anachita motere:

1. Kubzala zakuthupi anatsanulira mu akhoza chisanafike wothira peat ndi Moss.
2. Mphamvu ali ndi chivindikiro pulasitiki ndi mabowo adamchitira mwa iye ndipo anaika mu firiji kwa masabata 6-8.

Kubalana maenje chitumbuwa mwinanso pa njira yomweyo. Amenewa kubzala yozizira sangathe kusungidwa, ndi kudzala mu miphika. M'chaka cha mbande achinyamata ayenera kusuntha chabe pa bedi.

Malangizo kwa kubalana anamva yamatcheri

Nyamula mwala mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala wosamala kwambiri. Anamva chitumbuwa, lomwe ndi kubalana - ndondomeko ndi losavuta mwamtheradi, nthawi zina ali ndi mwayi wa nthambi latsala pang'ono kugwa. Wa mitengo ya zipatso ndi chilema fupa, ndithudi, ndi bwino kutenga. Komanso, musati ntchito chomera zinthu mitengo imene nthambi waukulu kwambiri.

Yabwino yothetsera ndi kutenga fupa pa zipatso za mbewu yaying'ono ndi masamba mdima wobiriwira ndi mitengo yolimba. Ndithudi, kusankha chodzala zakuthupi, kuwonjezera, ayenera kulabadira zokolola za mitengo, kukoma makhalidwe a chipatso, mlingo wa kusasitsa awo, ndi zina zotero. D. Kuchokera mbewu zabwino m'tsogolo chidzakula, ndithudi, khalidwe apamwamba anamva chitumbuwa. Kubalana wa chikhalidwe, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ikuluikulu ndi chinthu china. mafupa ake anabzala pa akuya zosaposa 2 cm. Pakuti chitumbuwa mwachizolowezi, chithunzi ndi 3 cm. Pakati pa mizere milandu onse, kusiya 25-30 masentimita malo ufulu.

Ayamikira zokhudza kusamalira zomera achinyamata

Wofalitsa MITUNDU yamatcheri ngati Ukadawaona - ziri zophweka. Komabe, muzu cuttings ndi kuwakhazikitsa ufulu malo okhazikika - zoona, komabe theka nkhondo. Kuti zokolola zabwino, chifukwa mitengo bwino akhaonera.

Kuthirira yamatcheri ziyenera kuchitika kanayi pa nyengo - pa kutupa masamba, pambuyo maluwa, nthawi zina pambuyo kukhetsa owonjezera mu thumba losunga mazira ndi kukula zipatso nthawi. Mu zaka achinyezi kuti moisturize nthaka pansi pa mitengo, ndipo kungakhale kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa thunthu ndi nthambi za chikhalidwe mukhoza kuyamba osokoneza.

Inde, yamatcheri ayenera kudyetsedwa chaka chilichonse. Monga feteleza manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kompositi ndi phulusa. zabwino kwambiri, izi chikhalidwe munda ndi kuyankha liming. njirayi ndi zofunika kuchita kamodzi pa zaka 5-6. Malinga mlingo pH wa nthaka pansi pa mitengo ayenera kupanga 200-300 ga slaked laimu, choko kapena ufa dolomite.

Padziko luso chomwecho akuyendera kuphatikizapo mtundu koteroko ngati mwake chitumbuwa ndi chisamaliro. Kubalana izo - ndondomeko ndi yosavuta, ngakhale wamaluwa zambiri. Komabe ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kusamalira mwake chitumbuwa ngakhale mosavuta kuposa mitundu ikuluikulu. Mwachitsanzo, anthu mitengo pa nyengo si zofunika kudyetsa. Pofuna kupeza chitumbuwa zofunika anamva zakudya, iye ayenera mtengo makungwa zamulchirovat manyowa.

Kudulira mitengo wamng'ono

Ndondomeko anachita zambiri kamodzi pachaka - mu kasupe. Aliyense malamulo apadera kudulira kulibe. Nthawi zambiri, korona pang'ono chabe thinned ndi kuchotsedwa zonse adzauma, ndipo cholakwika podmerzshie kukula mphukira. nthambi chigoba pamene kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale zambiri musakhudze. Nthawi zina wamaluwa ochita mphukira chulutsa chitumbuwa. Izi, poyamba, ndi njira yosavuta. Pankhaniyi, njira chabe anakumba kunja pamodzi ndi chidutswa cha mizu ndipo umasamutsidwa ku malo ankafuna. Ngati mbewu yamatcheri kwa kuswana si ntchito pa malo, ndi, ndithudi, muyenera nthawi woyera. Ndipo kuchita izo zimasokoneza ngati chitumbuwa limakula mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta tisiye kubzala mbewu zina.

Pomaliza

Wofalitsa ndi cuttings anamva yamatcheri, komanso wamba, monga momwe mukuonera - zimatenga osavuta. Chinthu chachikulu - pokonzekera timphukira odulidwa nthaka yabwino ndi kulenga nyengo yabwino kwa iwo. Ndithu chabe kufalitsa chikhalidwe ndi ntchito mbewu. Ndi masika kubzala mu nkhani iyi ndi zofunika kuchita stratification zolondola. Posamutsa analandira pa izi mbande onse umisiri mu nthaka m'njira muyezo.