Wotchuka akatswiri: ndi mbiri ndiponso achita

Umagwirira - ndi sayansi kuti kwa nthawi yaitali kutumikira anthu amachita tsiku ndi tsiku. chilangochi n'chofunikira yaikulu makampani ano, popanda zomwe sipangakhalenso chitukuko anthu. Koma pamlingo wotere mkulu wa chitukuko izo lakwaniritsa kudzera mu ntchito za asayansi odziwika bwino, amene pamoyo wake kwa zimapangidwira.

Avogadro: chatsekedwa namatetule

Mmodzi wa akatswiri ambiri otchuka ndi Amedeo Avogadro. Iye anabadwa mu Italy, mu boma banja. Mu 1792, iye analandira digiri malamulo ake. bambo ake anali katswiri wodziwika mu munda wa malamulo. Kuyambira ntchito mu dera malamulo, Avogadro mu nthawi yake yopuma chinkhoswe mu phunziro la sayansi ndi masamu. Only mu 1820 analandira udindo wa Professor wa thupi ndi masamu Sciences.

akatswiri otchuka pa nthawi ananena kuti Avogadro anali munthu Otetezedwa kwambiri, ochuluka a maganizo ake sanali bwino kwa iwo. Kuvomerezeka mabwalo sayansi Avogadro analandira pambuyo kutsimikizira chiphunzitso wake wotchuka, amene anadzatchedwa "chilamulo Avogadro a". Avogadro anatipatsa chiwerengero cha mamembala a zinthu zambiri mankhwala, wapanga njira kuti tipeze kulemera maselo.

Wambiri ndi kufufuza zinthu Boyle

Yofunika mu chitukuko zimapangidwira kusewera ndi zina zomwe Roberta Boylya. Iye anabadwa January 25, 1627 mu Ireland. Monga mwana, iye anaphunzitsidwa kunyumba, ndiyeno anatumiza kwa Eton School, makamaka analengedwera kwa ana a olemekezeka olemera. Mu 1656 Robert Boyle anasamukira ku Oxford, kumene chinayamba amaganizira sayansi zimapangidwira. Pali Boyle anakhazikitsa kugwirizana ndi kusiya sayansi ndi asayansi wamng'ono. Pamodzi Adalenga mtundu wa anthu chinsinsi, chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa Oxford Research Society.

akatswiri otchuka pa nthawi anatsimikizira kuti Boyle sanali kutsutsana ndi kupewa ngakhale mkangano sayansi kuti nthawi zambiri ankavala khalidwe zoseketsa. Boyle anapanga lingaliro la otchedwa "corpuscles chachikulu" (maselo moyo) ndi "corpuscles sekondale (matupi zovuta). Mu buku lake lotchedwa "The amakayikira sayansi" Boyle kwa nthawi yoyamba amasonyeza zinthu - ". Thupi pachiyambi, amene si kukopedwa wa wina ndi mnzake" Kuwonjezera zimapangidwira, kafukufuku Boyle lolunjika pa malo a Optics, zowulutsira ndi magetsi.

maphunziro Werner

Alfred Werner anabadwa pa December 12, 1866 mu banja Turner. Titamaliza pulayimale sukulu Werner akulowa sukulu yophunzitsa maluso ndi chidwi zasayansi. Iye ayamba zatsopano mankhwala kunyumba kwanu. Komanso, wasayansi wamng'ono chidwi mabuku ngakhale zomangamanga. Zamankhwala Alfred Werner anali kupereka ya Nobel Prize chifukwa olemba ake otchedwa chiphunzitso kugwirizana. Komanso, Werner analenga zamoyo wake zidulo ndi zapansi, ndi nsembe Baibulo wake wa Table nthawi ndi nthawi. Mu 1913 iye analandira Nobel Prize.

Zikayenda Niels Bohr mu Chemistry

akatswiri otchuka konsekonse mu dziko lero kusangalala zomwe wa Niels Bohr, amene anali kwakukulukulu amadziwika kafukufuku m'munda wa sayansi. Niels Bohr analenga kwadzidzidzi atomu chiphunzitso wa hydrogen. Mu Iye anafotokoza mbali kasinthasintha ma elekitironi ndi mwamasamu anafotokoza limati zosiyanasiyana maatomu.

Niels Bohr anabadwa October 7, 1885 ku Copenhagen, mu banja laluntha. M'nyumba ya makolo ake ankanena zokambirana pa nkhani za sayansi apakhungu. Pamene ndinali kuwerenga pa University of Copenhagen Bohr analandira Zikho wa Chidanishi Academy of Sciences. Other kudziwika akatswiri - makamaka Ernest Rutherford - anali kuphunzira ndi Bohr mafunso mpweya wa poizoni zinthu ndi dongosolo atomiki.

Svante Arrhenius - sayansi ku Sweden

kafukufuku wina wotchuka mu munda wa umagwirira - Svante Arrhenius. Iye anabadwa February 19, 1859 mu Uppsala. Mu 1876 iye analembedwa University, ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo analandira digiri ku Philosophy. Kuyambira 1881 Arrhenius amayamba kuphunzira njira amadzimadzi electrolytes pa Institute of Physics Stockholm. Mu 1903, wasayansi anali kupereka ya Nobel Prize chifukwa woyambitsa chiphunzitso cha dissociation electrolytic.

Amadziwika kuti Arrhenius anali wabwino chikhalidwe ndi wansangala khalidwe. Pa nthawiyi, anali kudziwika monga munthu wina komanso ngati wolemba mabuku ndi nkhani zakuthambo ndi mankhwala. Asayansi anazindikira kalekale umagwirira mwa ntchito zake: Mwachitsanzo, mfundo ake zikuchepa kudzudzulidwa ndi Mendeleev. Patapita kuti malingaliro a ofufuza onse kupanga maziko a latsopano, otchedwa purotoni, chiphunzitso zapansi mu zimapangidwira.