Yellowstone Park. Yellowstone National Park

About 640 000 zapitazo, ku kuphulitsa mapiri zivomezi "kugwedezeka anayenda" ndi North America, pafupi ndi miyala Mountains anaonekera ndi Chigwa chimphona ndi okwana dera 2000 km². M'kupita kwa nthawi, unali m'dera kumene lero thovu kuonekeratu misa, kumenyedwa kuchokera fumaroles pansi, geysers, akasupe matope ndi akasupe a madzi otentha. Ndipo panali Yellowstone Park, chithunzi chimene m'nkhani ino.

A pang'ono mbiri

Imafotokoza kuti zaka 200 zapitazo, msaki anasamukira kukafunafuna chuma, mwa miyala Mapiri ndipo anafika Yellowstone Plateau. Tsopano iye yekha ankadziwa nkhani za Amwenye 'dziko utsi ndi madzi "okha tsopano iye anakhulupirira mwa iwo. Chithunzi chimene chinaululidwa kwa iye anaika mwa iye mantha wopembedzetsa. Maphompho ndakweza wouma chiphalaphala, obsidian thanthwe wothwanima unayambira nkhalango pamodzi kuonekeratu zimaphala chiphala chamoto, mu madzi ndi thovu Jets nthunzi kuuka kwa mphako ya. Kwa ena dzikoli fungo la mazira owola - mtundu wa "kukoma" wa sulphide wa hydrogen. M'tsogolo, nkhani ya liziwawa St. John pa mtunda lodabwitsali ndi lachilendo la pafupi zachititsa chonyozeka ndi kukhulupirirana. Kodi pangakhale chotero dziko analengedwa ndi Mulungu? Ndipo ngati mungathe, ndiye ali Yellowstone Park?

Patapita zaka 50, malipoti a Maulendo sayansi anatha kutsimikiza nkhani za umboni yosadziwika. Pambuyo pake, malo ndi malo osiyanasiyana, yomwe ili m'mayiko atatu limati: Montana, Idaho ndi Wyoming, ndi Congress US mu 1872 anakhazikitsidwa woyamba mu dziko la National Park, yemwe dzina lake Yellowstone National Park, lomwe limatanthauza "mwala yellow ". Choncho America, anayamba chitukuko cha chikhalidwe chilengedwe komanso kuteteza malo a chikhalidwe n'komwe. Lero, munthu osati kupeza Yellowstone Park pa mapu, komanso kukaona kumeneko. Mu 1976, malo awa anatsimikizidwa malo biosphere. Patapita zaka ziwiri, iye anaikidwa pa mndandanda UNESCO.

mafotokozedwe

Mu Yellowstone National Park, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe lalikulu, pali njira zisanu, ndipo mukhoza kupeza kuno ku mbali ya dziko.

Kumpoto ndi n'zosadabwitsa wokongola gorge, amene pansi pa mitsinje ikuyenda Madison ndi Yellowstone, kulumpha mmwamba mu maphompho mazana mathithi. Yaikulu ndi wotsika Falls, amene kutalika ndi mochuluka momwe 94 mamita! Mu malo omwewo palinso Mammoth Hot makiyi.

Calcite

Pa nthawi imeneyi, mwala wolemera calcite. Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri magwero kuonekeratu madzi otentha ndi kusungunuka calcium. Choncho anapanga makhiristo wothwanima, wowoneka masitepe, amene kunkakhala anakometsedwa ndi cascades, chokhala stalactites. Monga, chodabwitsa anajambulapo kanjedza ayenera kukhala woyera, koma ambiri a iwo anamanga mu mithunzi yonse ya utawaleza sipekitiramu. Ichi ndi chifukwa zosafunika zitsulo ndi tizilombo kuti padziko Mamontovs makiyi. mtundu awo zimadalira zimene kutentha madzi, chotero, ena masitepe utoto violet buluu phale ndi kutsatira kudzawala chingolopiyo-chikasu moto mithunzi chofiira.

Mu gawo kumpoto kummawa kwa nkhalango ya angapezeke yaikulu pa dziko mantha nkhalango. Izi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti pa phirilo liphulike, umene unachitika padangokhala, phulusa zophimbidwa mitengo, kenako ndi mineralized ndi inasanduka ziboliboli.

West Yellowstone

Yellowstone Park imatchedwanso m'mudzi wake wa West Yellowstone, limene lili pa chipata kumadzulo kwa malo a. Kuyambira pano mungathe kufika wotchuka geyser akasupe, zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa.

Grand Canyon

Ngati ife anafunika mizere mapu a North America, ku dera la kum'mawa la Yellowstone, tifuna onani Grand Canyon. M'litali - 20 Km, ndipo kuya - 360 mamita! Park pano dzina - mu formations chikasu thanthwe anasonyeza dzuwa. Kum'mwera, paki ndi mapiri, kwathunthu yokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Iye zosayembekezereka wochepa chachikulu cha mayiyo kukongola.

geysers

Yellowstone - ndi amodzi a malo zisanu pa dziko, limene kugona munda yaikulu geysers (ndondomeko mapu a North America malo awa tichipeza zigawo chiphala). Pali chiphalaphala pafupi pamwamba Choncho, kutentha kwa madzi akatulutsidwa pamwamba, zambiri kuwira mfundo, koma nthunzi kuposa madzi. N'zochititsa chidwi akasupe yaing'ono zonse "ntchito", ndi lalikulu - zokha. Pali pafupifupi 3,000.

Sitima, ndi geyser waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse, limatulutsa matani 5,000 madzi pa 50-100 m, pamene pafupipafupi sizimadziwika - kuchokera masiku 4 kuti theka zaka.

geyser wina chidwi - ndi Excelsior umene uli pakati pa wokongola phiri nyanja. Kasupe Wake kutalika ndi 90 m, pamene ndondomeko imeneyi limodzi ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana wapadera - kubangula kubangula ndi dziko lapansi kugwedeza.

Lowopsya gwero, amene amatchedwa Diso mfumu yeniyeni ya m'chigwa. Tizilombo ndi mabakiteriya mu madzi otentha, wake papezeka yowala zimalimbikitsa mitundu. Mu mawonekedwe, akufanana ndi diso lalikulu. Pali kumverera kuti munthu ali kunja kwa pansi kuonera zimene zikuchitika pa izo.

Kamwazi ndi Reflux

Yellowstone National Park pa mapu chionekera wina chozizwitsa - nyanja yaikulu dzina chomwecho.

Iwo lili pakati m'mapiriŵa. Pali malo yaikulu mafunde ndi madzi kapena imasiyana gombe, kapena lembani izo. Yellowstone Nyanja si nkhani malamulo. Apa mzere madzi amasintha zigzags - pa ena gombe kungakhale mafunde imodzi pafupi ndi mafunde otsika. Madera Choncho nthawi zambiri kusintha malo awo.

Chinsinsi simungakhoze kuthetsa asayansi kwambiri. malingaliro wina anafotokoza khalidwe la posungira ntchito miyala. Kutengekatengeka dziwe nsomba moyo mu izo, saletsa - izo pali yaikulu anasangalala kwambiri asodzi ambiri.

Zomera ndi mimbulu

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza, poaching zinachititsa kuti awonongedwe mimbulu kumeneko. Ayipanga gwape ndi mbawala anawononga gombe Lamar Mtsinje, pamene kudya zomera zonse m'deralo. Ndiye, ngati unyolo anakhala beavers zinatha amene ataya chakudya awo - mitengo. Madamu kuti zinalengedwa ndi makoswe awa mwakhama, zouma, kuyambira damu salinso kukhuta. Ife anayamba kutha popanda madzi zomera succulents kuti kudyetsa zimbalangondo grizzly. Choncho Yellowstone Park anali pafupi weniweni tsoka zachilengedwe.

Kenako, National Park Service la America wabweretsedwa kuno ku mimbulu Canada. Mkati yochepa, iwo kwambiri yafupika anthu a mbawala ndi agwape. M'chigwa anapezeka zomera, kenako bwino zachilengedwe anayamba kuchira.

Panthawi pano mu malo munakwanisa kuona nyama zosiyanasiyana: mbawala, njati, grizzly zimbalangondo, mphalapala, bighorn nkhosa, coyotes, beavers ndi nkhandwe. Kuli nyama zina: mikango phiri, bobcats, cougars. Ambiri mu paki ndi mbalame - 200 mitundu yosiyanasiyana: zikovili, lipenga tsekwe, dazi mphungu ndi ena.

Facilities alendo

Galimoto mu Yellowstone Park, aliyense atha kumangapo tenti amalandira chiongoko amene amamuthandiza kuyenda m'gawo lalikulu. Pafupifupi dera lonse mukhoza akuyenda ndi phula msewu zofunda "eyiti" malo onse chidwi: ndi caldera ndi nyanja, zikwi geysers, nkhalango mantha, mathithi ndiponso akasupe a madzi otentha. paki wazunguliridwa ndi misewu, ndi utali wonse ndi 150 Km.

Tikumbukenso kuti kukawona amatenga masiku 4. Pa mfundo imeneyi, mukhoza kubwereka galimoto, kutenga kavalo ndi miyendo pa njinga ya, okwana kutalika - 1770 Km. Ziyenera kukhala okonzekera panjira pali nyama zosiyanasiyana zakutchire - apaulendo akutsegula namwali chilengedwe ukulu wake owopsa.

Iwo amapereka motsogozedwa pazithunzi, bwato maulendo, kupita ku mapanga, kukwera kavalo nsomba - kwa mlendo aliyense adzapezeka chinachake aliyense, zomwe zingathandize kucheza ndi chidwi, komanso phindu thanzi ndi nyonga.

Kufika mu Yellowstone Park, muyenera kukonzekera chakuti zingati pa ulendo kudzadalira nthawi okwana anakhala kumeneko. ntchito Hotel ndi maofesi operekedwa ndi mahotela, manyumba ogona, mipiringidzo bungalows, odyera, malo omwera, gasi ndi masitolo. Pa mfundo imeneyi, mukhoza Pre-book malawi. paki ndi lotseguka kwa ochokera May mochedwa September, pamene pali zimachitika kwa alendo 3 miliyoni.

Ena volcanologists, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti caldera akhoza kudzuka zaka kudza. Kungakhale tsoka, lonse la sipangakhalenso ukugwira kwa Chivumbulutso lapansi. Zoneneratu ali motere: US, theka zidzachotsedwa ku dziko. Europe adzamva zowawa chifukwa cha chiphala phulusa mu stratosphere ndi lingafikire dzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiyeno ubwere "chiphala yozizira" padziko lapansi.

Tengani nthawi kuti amasirira chozizwitsa deta ya chilengedwe, koma pali kuthekera izi!