Yevpatoriya, "Little Yerusalemu": bwanji kuti zithunzi ndi ndemanga

The wokongola Russian mzinda wa Yevpatoria ndi chimodzi mwa yakale kwambiri mu dziko. Izo zalembedwa mu mbiri chibwenzi ku m'zaka za zana lachinayi BC. Ndipo masiku awa gawo lakale la mzinda unkatchedwa "Little Yerusalemu." Apa zili pafupi kwambiri ku nyumba, zipembedzo asanu: tchalitchi Orthodox, mzikiti m'masunagoge ziwiri, zitatu kenasa, ndi Chiameniya Church.

Mbiri ya dzina la mzindawo

Mu malo lero ili Yevpatoriya ( "Little Yerusalemu"), kalelo inali kuthetsa Greek, imene inkatchedwa Kerkinitida. Pambuyo kwe kwa zaka zambiri, palibe midzi m'dera sanali.

Mpaka nthawi ya Crimea Khanate anali pano nakhalanso mzinda umene anapereka dzina la Chitata Kezlev (Gezlev), ndi Russian anayamba kumutchula Kozlov. Pamene Crimea mbali ya Russian Ufumu (1784), mudzi, anadzatchedwa chifukwa cha dzina dissonant. Kotero apo Yevpatoriya (mu Greek - "wolemekezeka", "Kubadwanso bambo achifumu").

"Little Yerusalemu"

Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu ambiri a Soviet Union wakhala ndi kukhala amakonda malo a mpumulo Yevpatoriya. "Little Yerusalemu" - ndi anakongoletsa ndi kubwezeretsedwa mbali, kapena nditi Old Town (Kezlov), ili m'gawo lake.

Komanso, monga dzina lake ndi kuyenda kudutsa, kaphatikizidwe khumi zipilala zazikulu za mbiri ndi zomangamanga. Ena mwa nyumba ya Old Town, amene ali ndi khalidwe cha kum'mawa mizinda dongosolo limene zapiringizana yaing'ono misewu kumulowetsa, ndi ukalamba kwambiri (pa mazana asanu).

Mbiri ya Kezlev

Mu mzinda uwu wakale ankakhala Cimmerians, Agiriki mtundu. Kerkinitida anawatcha iwo Agiriki ndi Turkey anadzatchedwa Kezlev. M'zaka za m'ma XVI inasanduka lalikulu linga mzinda (kugula). Doko zombo za ku Asia Minor, anaima ndi amalonda Russian. Kuyambira 1784 Kezlev anakhala mzinda wa chigawocho mu gawo la Russia.

zipata Kezlevskie

The mzinda akale anali ankakwanitsa pazipata. Analipo asanu, koma mmodzi yekha anapulumuka tsopano limatchedwa Kezlevskimi. Nawonso, nawonongeka mu 1959, koma mu 2004, chifukwa cha khama ndi zikutanthauza ogula, iwo anabwezeretsedwa ku mawonekedwe awo oyambirira.

Lachitatu pansi Kezlovskih cholinga lero Chitata Moyo Museum. Ndinakumana inayambitsa kwa nthawi mu mbiri ya mzinda, a Ages Middle, pamene ilo linali doko lalikulu la Crimea Khanate. Maziko a nyumbayi anali chitsanzo cha wakale Kezlev mamita kukula 5x9, lomwe munthu aliyense nyumba recreates mzinda wa zaka XVI-XVII.

Ulendo wa nyumbayi limodzi ndi nyimbo ndi kuwala kamangidwe, amene akuimira mzindawo m'mawa kudzutsidwa.

Juma-Jami

Kukongola ndi wokongola alendo lero Yevpatoriya. "Yerusalemu Little Anatinso:" m'gulu pulogalamu ulendowu pafupifupi alendo mzinda. Mzikiti, anamanga mu Gezleve mu 1552, ndi yaikulu komanso otchuka chilumba.

ntchito wake mwakuchita Turkey wamanga Sinan Hoxha, amene analenga zazikulu Süleymaniye Mosque ndi Sehzade ku Istanbul. The zilipo yekha mu Europe mnogokupolnaya mzikiti ndi chipilala cha kufunika dziko.

malo okhala a Dervishes

Sitingathe kunena kuti Yevpatoriya ( "Little Yerusalemu"), chithunzi chimene mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu nkhani iyi, ndi kukwapula kwa nyumba zake zazikulu. Zimenezi zikugwira kotheratu obisika wakale wa friars wa dervishes Asilamu.

Iwo sanazindikire mwanaalirenji ndi chuma ndipo anali moyo wodzimana. Ndi chipilala wapadera wa zomangamanga anakhala mmodzi wa nyumba yoyamba achipembedzo Crimea. Muslim kunyumba akuimira Sufi kwa Islam. Izo zinayambira pafupi 800 AD. e. patapita anthu mkulu chawonjezeka wofuna chuma.

Dervishes - ndi agulupa Muslim. Iwo amangozungulira, kapena kukhala m'malo motsogozedwa Sheikh. Dervishi, amene ankakhala mu zinyumba ndipo nthawi zambiri ankayendayenda, anadya zachifundo, koma nthawi zonse kubwerera mapemphero wamba ndi ankasala kudya.

Mapemphero inachitika ku holo pemphero ya agulupa madzulo, limodzi ndi phokoso la zitoliro ndi ng'oma. Dervishes whirled ndipo anaimba mavesi a Koran. Pang'onopang'ono, anayamba kusuntha mofulumira, ndipo posakhalitsa wagona tulo, kwathunthu tasiya dziko.

Keraimskie kenasa

Lero, alendo ambiri ochokera m'dziko lathu Yevpatoriya ( "Little Yerusalemu") - si tauni achisangalalo, ndi mwayi timudziwe bwino mbiri ya anthu pangozi ya Crimea.

Mawu "kenasa" akhoza kwenikweni ndimene "msonkhano". Choncho anaitanitsa pomanga kulambira Karaites. Chifukwa cha chipembedzo chawo ndicho "Old Testament" m'kuyera wapachiyambi. Karaites - ndi mtundu waung'ono. Masiku ano, pali anthu ochepa kuposa zikwi ziwiri. Ndipo, mwatsoka, njira ya kutha kwa mtundu sizingasinthe.

Mmodzi wa waukulu makhalidwe dziko la Karaites kulakalaka pakuti chikondano. Ndipo Karaite wakale wolemera ngakhale mpikisano apeze bwino kuthandiza osauka. makoma okutidwa ndi zazikulu stucco kenasa ngati mpesa, iwo chosema mawu a "Chipangano Chakale."

osambira Turkey

Munkapezeka mzinda Yevpatoria, "Little Yerusalemu" umboni. Pamaso pano bwino anasunga wina osambira Turkey (hammam), chimene chiri chikhomo yaulele ya mzinda. N'zochititsa chidwi makamaka chakuti Yehova waliteteza ndi chomveka kuyambira Ages Middle.

Yevpatoriya, "Little Yerusalemu": bwanji kuti kumeneko?

Tikukhulupirira kuti, mutawerenga za malo odabwitsa, ambiri owerenga adzasonkhanitsa kwa ulendo. Choncho, ife kukusonyezani mmene kumeneko. Kuyambira m'nyumbayi zovuta "Kezlevskie Chipata" akuyamba kukawona ulendo Yevpatoriya Little Yerusalemu (adiresi. P Garayev, 13a).

Ku siteshoni chapakati basi kupita pa msewu. Mayiko mu msewu. Karaev, ndiye tembenuzirani, ndipo pambuyo mamita zana, mudzasiya pa chipata Kezlevskih. msewu adzatenga zosaposa mphindi zisanu.

Ndi galimoto ku Simferopol

M'pofunika kupita pa msewu Evpatoria H05 ndi kusuntha kwa kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa. Khalani pang'ono kumanzere ndi kupitiriza pamodzi P25 kuti Yevpatoria (53 km). Adalowa mumzinda, mutu kwa P25 ndi poyamba yozungulira kumanja. Pambuyo njira yakumadzulo / anthu d, pa mphete, nditenge kuchoka chachitatu pa mphambano pa msewu. Matveeva. meters makumi asanu pamaso panu m'nyumbayi zovuta. Tsopano, dikirani mapangidwe gulu ulendo ndi kufufuza zovuta wapadera.

Yevpatoriya, "Little Yerusalemu": Ndemanga

Alendo ambiri kuti kwa zaka zambiri anakhala tchuthi awo Yalta, koma sanadziwe kuti pali mbiri ngati zodabwitsa chipilala cha. Iwo amasonyeza kuti anasangalala ulendo ndipo anaphunzira zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya Crimea ndi anthu okhala mumzindawo.