Shlisselburg Linga. Oreshek linga, Shlisselburg. dera Linga Leningrad

Mbiri yonse ya St. Petersburg ndi madera ozungulira kugwirizana ndi malo ena ake apadera. Olamulira kusalola malire kugwila madera awa Russian, kulenga maukonde lonse za malinga ndi nyumba. Masiku ano anthu ambiri a iwo amaonedwa zakale ndi zipilala mbiri.

Vyborg Nyumbayi

Linga Leningrad dera, komanso mizinda yoyamba ndi mchitidwe umenewu anamanga pa malire ace, ndi imodzi mwa nyumba wamkulu wa boma Russian. Iwo anaonekera mu malo ambiri yodzaza madzi ndi kugwirizana zamalonda ku Scandinavia ndi Europe ndi East ndi Mediterranean, mkhristu ndi dziko wakale.

Linga Leningrad dera, mchitidwe umenewu ndi nyumba ina yakale akhala amafalitsa chikhalidwe cha anthu Asilavo, komanso ochititsa chipembedzo cha Chikhristu, m'madera ambiri.

Chitsanzo chidwi ya Western zomangamanga European asilikali malangizo a Vyborg ndi linga, lomwe limatchedwanso Nyumbayi. Mbiri ya nyumba imeneyi ndi yogwirizana ndi asilikali a Sweden. Ndi iwo mu nthawi ya Kampeni Chachitatu (1293) anakhazikitsidwa Vyborg.

Poyamba linga unachita kumbuyo. Asilikali a Sweden anabisala m'makoma ake a asilikali Novgorod kuyesera kupeza gawo azigwira. Kwa zaka zambiri, linga anasintha ntchito. Nyumba iyi anatumikira monga malo chimene munali ndi nyumba yachifumu ndipo likulu asilikali. Poyamba linga ndi likulu la mzinda, ndipo nyumba ya crusader Swedish, ndi ndende.

Mu 1918 Vyborg Castle anagwa pansi ulamuliro wa Finland ndipo wakhala kwathunthu anakongoletsa. Kuyambira 1944 m'dera mbali ya USSR. Kale mu 1964, tinayamba kutsatira njira woyamba kumanga linga owonetsera zakale. Pakali pano, Vyborg Castle ndi lotseguka kwa alendo. Pali zakale, kupereka alendo ubwenzi ndi mayendedwe dazeni osiyana, kufotokoza mbiri ya malo awa.

Pa linga pali zi- nsanja ya St. Olaf. Kuyambira apo mukhoza amasirira kukongola chodabwitsa Edene. Nsanja amapereka malingaliro a doko nyanja ndi Gulf wa Finland, komanso nsonga za mitengo kukula mu paki Mon Repos.

Staraya Ladoga linga

Nyumba imeneyi ndi makilomita twente faifi handiredi wina ku St. Petersburg. Linga pafupi ndi mudzi wa Staraya Ladoga anaika pa malire a IX-X zaka zambirimbiri. Izi zinali nthawi Veschego Olega. Nyumba zili pamalo Ladozhka amalowa Volkhov mtsinje, pa gombe mkulu. Cholinga choyambirira cha linga linali kuteteza kalonga ndi retinue wake. Patapita nthawi izo anakhala wa chitetezo amene kutchinga njira ku Baltic kwa mdani.

Today mu Staraya Ladoga linga ntchito ofukula zinthu zakale, mbiri yakale komanso kamangidwe owonetsera zakale-otetezedwa. awiri zisudzo akuthamanga alendo. Mmodzi ethnographic, ndipo chachiwiri - mbiri. Zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho waukulu wa chionetsero ndi zinthu anapeza zofukulidwa m'mabwinja.

Koporje

Padakali m'dera Leningrad anakhalabe m'malinga zisanu ndi ziwiri. imodzi kuchokera mndandanda (chilazi ili Kingisepp) Only akuimira makombo a mitengo ndi osachepera mfundo za kale. Six ena chifukwa wosazima chidwi buffs mbiri. Mmodzi wa m'malinga awa - Koporje.

Malowa ali pamtunda pafupi atangochimwa St. Petersburg. ena More Koporje linga anapitiriza kuti tsiku, chifaniziro chake zakale chifukwa si pansi limasinthira posachedwapa kwambiri.

Korela

linga ili kumpoto cha St. Petersburg, pa dera la Karelian kamtunda kopita ku chilumba. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mkono kumpoto Vuoksi Mtsinje amalowa Nyanja Ladoga. M'zaka XIII-XIV Korela ndi Russian malire positi, omwe mobwerezabwereza anaukira ndi asilikali a Sweden. Panopa, chinyumba imatengedwa chipilala, limakupatsani kufufuza wakale Russian asilikali kumbuyo luso mwatsatanetsatane. Mu nyumba iyi, lofunyululalo alendo lero anasunga mzimu wa ulendo ndi zakale. Izi zidatheka chifukwa chakuti achitetezo sanali akweza kapena kumanganso kwa zaka zambiri. Zoyambazo positi chitetezo lotseguka zakale awiri. Mu oyamba angapezeke ndi mbiri ambiri a linga la. owonetsera zakale wina ndi Pugachev Tower, bwalo lomwe linaikidwa kuti, ngakhale chiwonongeko tsankho la mpanda kunja.

Ivangorod linga

Nyumba imeneyi ndi chipilala cha zomangamanga Russian kumbuyo zokhudza zaka XV-XVI. Ivangorod linga anakhazikitsidwa mu 1492 pa Mtsinje Narva kuteteza m'mayiko Russian ku anawazunza adani kumadzulo. Pa zaka zake zisanu za mbiri ya mpanda izi zinali zambiri kumalo kumene nkhondo aukali zinachitika. Iye anavutika linga pa nkhondo ankhondowo lopondereza. Pambuyo pa adani a asilikali adani m'gawo lake Ivangorod Germany anapanga zozunzirako awiri, kumene akaidi a nkhondo anapitiriza. Kuthawa Anazi analiza yambiri nyumba ya mkati, asanu ndi nsanja ngodya, komanso m'madera ambiri a mpanda. Panopa kwambiri za malinga wobwezeretsedwa n'kuikonzanso.

"Mtedza"

Schlisselburg linga lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Ladoga, pachiyambi penipeni wa Neva. chipilala Izi a zomangamanga wa zoyambirira za XIV atumwi, tsopano kowonera zakale.

Ndi malo pa Mtedza Island Schlisselburg linga ndi dzina chachiwiri - "Mwakhama".

owonetsera zakale

Shlisselburg Linga - ndi zovuta zodchesky gulu loyimba. Lero ndi lotseguka kwa alendo. Linga "Mtedza" amatanthauza Museum wa History wa St. Petersburg. Alendo mukupemphedwa kuti timudziwe bwino zigawo zikuluzikulu mbiri ya boma la Russia nthawi imene mpanda inali njira iliyonse nawo.

nkhani

Shlisselburg Linga inamangidwa mu 1323 Umboni wa zimenezi amatchulidwa Novgorod Chronicle. chikalata ichi ndiye kuti mdzukulu wa Aleksandra Nevskogo - Prince Yury wa Moscow - analamula kumanga mpanda matabwa. Kale patatha zaka makumi atatu pa malo achitetezo kale panali mwala. m'gawo lake wakhala kwambiri ndipo anayamba mamita lalikulu naini zikwi. Anasintha ndi kukula kwa makoma achitetezo. Pamene anafika makulidwe mamita atatu. Panali nsanja zitatu zatsopano za mawonekedwe anayi.

Poyamba, makoma a dongosolo kumbuyo anaikidwa Posad. Atatu-mita njira pakati pa iye ndi "nati". Chinachake Patapita chemba chidafundidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Kenako Posad atazunguliridwa ndi linga.

Kukonzanso, chiwonongeko ndi kubadwanso anakumana linga m'mbiri ake kangapo. Choncho nthawi zonse kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha nsanja zake, izo kumawonjezera khoma makulidwe.

Schlisselburg linga kale m'zaka za m'ma XVI anakhala likulu, kunyumba kwa akuluakulu a boma ndi atsogoleri apamwamba. Pa magombe a Neva Mtsinje ndaikhazika tenements yosavuta anthu.

Linga "Mtedza" (Shlisselburg nsanja) mu nthawi kuchokera 1617 mpaka 1702 anali chogwidwa ndi asilikali a Sweden. Pa nthawi iyi, izo anadzatchedwa. Wake wotchedwa Noteburgskoy. Peter Ine anapambana kwa asilikali a Sweden mpanda ichi, nam'bwezera iye dzina lake lakale. The linga kamodzinso zinachitika nyumba yaikulu. Linamangidwa nsanja angapo, makoma zadothi ndi ndende. Kuyambira mu 1826 mpaka 1917 mpanda wolimba "Mtedza" (Shlisselburg nsanja) malo m'ndende ya Decembrists ndipo anthu. Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma, nyumbayi anasanduka Museum.

yankhondo

"Mtedza" wachita yofunika kwambiri chitetezo wa zaka Leningrad. Shlisselburg Linga anapereka mwayi kwa moyo wa "Road a Moyo", imene mu mzinda anazinga ananyamula chakudya, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko anali anasamutsidwa anthu likulu kumpoto. Chifukwa cha ungwazi wa ochepa asilikali amene anapulumuka kuzinga linga la anapulumutsidwa anthu oposa zana. Nthawi imeneyi ndi "nati" ali pafupifupi ataphwasula pansi.

Nkhondo itatha, kumanganso mpanda wolimba, izo anaganiza kuti asakhale ndi kumanga pamodzi "Road a Moyo" chikumbutso maofesi.

Mpanda. modernity

Today kukaona linga "Mtedza" ulendo. Zoyambazo dongosolo kumbuyo mutha kuona mtembo wa ukulu wake wakale.

Linga "Mtedza" khadi lomwe akuuza alendo njira, pa ndege zikuwoneka ngati polygon osasamba. The kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino za chithunzi anatambasula kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa. Khoma lili nsanja zisanu amphamvu. Mmodzi wa iwo (Gate) - anayi. Pa zomangamanga a nsanja otsala mawonekedwe zozungulira ntchito.

Linga "Mtedza" (Shlisselburg) ndi malo lotseguka polemekeza ngwazi za Wachiwiri World nkhondo chikumbutso. Pa dera la citadel kale, pali owonetsera zakale zisudzo. Iwo kuyikidwa mu nyumba za "ndende latsopano" ndi "lakale m'ndende". Zotsalira za makoma achitetezo, ndi Flag ndi chipata, ndipo Royal Naugolnykh, Golovkin ndi Svetlichnaya nsanja.

Momwe kuti linga la?

The chete tawuni zigawo za Shlisselburg ndi zovuta kukwaniritsa pagalimoto. Pamenepo mpanda wolimba makamaka mosavuta pa boti. Pali njira ina. Kuchokera "Petrokrepost" siteshoni amayenda sitima, mfundo imodzi wotseka amene ali Shlisselburg Linga. Momwe kwa kapangidwe kale kumbuyo mwachindunji ku St. Petersburg? North mwa likulu mu "Mtedza" linga zonse makamu maulendo. Apaulendo zidaperedwa kwa omasuka zombo mkulu-liwiro "chammwamba".

Mwina munthu angakonze ulendo basi njira nambala 575, amene amayendetsa mpaka Schlusselburg ku okwerera sitima siteshoni "up. Dybenko ". Ndiye kuti chisumbucho kuthandiza bwato.

Ngati mwaganiza kukaona linga "Mtedza" mode ayenera kudziwa njira zonse. nyumbayi mu citadel kale akutsegula mu May ndipo akutenga alendo mapeto a October. Nthawi imeneyi ndi lotseguka tsiku. Inayambira maola - 10 17.