Zinziri Kuchokera Home Farm

UDC 636.5 / .6

Zinziri pa famu kunyumba.

Nkhuku, atsekwe, abakha, turkeys - okhala mwambo wa nkhuku pabwalo, koma nkhukutembo, mbira mbalame ndi zinziri backyards anayamba kuoneka ndi posachedwapa, koma mawu a zofunikira chuma chidwi kwambiri.

Zinziri - ndi kakang'ono ndi kucha Nkhuku fizanti banja la nkhuku. Chomasuka yokonza ndi kudya zimathandiza inu kuwasunga iwo mu mzinda ndi m'midzi. Iwo amapereka kwa mazira 300 pachaka. A chakudya wapadera ndi katundu zakudya amalola pafupifupi aliyense kudya zinziri mazira ndi nyama popanda malamulo.

Tizilombo ndi chuma makhalidwe, chifukwa cha zomwe awukitsa quails:

• iwo ali precocious kwambiri nkhuku chimayamba kubala kwa masiku 40 kuti miyezi 2 zakubadwa, ndi kale okhwima ndithu mbalame akhoza kumanzere kuti mazira, kapena ntchito nyama;
• zinziri wodzichepetsa, mu khola 50x95x35 masentimita ungasunge avareji zolinga 50 patsiku zinziri ayenera 20 - 25 ga chakudya, ie, miyezi iwiri - .. kuti makilogalamu 1.5 ndi ndalama ntchito ndi kuchepetsedwa kuti kudya tsiku ndi tsiku, kusintha madzi, kuyeretsa malo ndi kusonkhanitsa mazira. The m'chigulugulu ndi 70-80 mbalame pa 1 sq.m.
• zinziri kawirikawiri amadwala ndipo akhoza kuchita popanda katemera. Iwo sakhala atengeke matenda ambiri opatsirana chibadidwe ena amamwa nkhuku ndi zinziri mazira akhoza kudyedwa yaiwisi, kupeza uthunthu wonse wa zakudya popanda imfa pa kutentha mankhwala. Mbali imeneyi zimathandiza inu kulandira mankhwala wochezeka popanda katemera ndi mankhwala.

M'dera la zinziri zakutchire chimakwirira pafupifupi buku lonse Old World. Ndipo kulikonse, mbalame ndi chinthu masewera kusaka. Za pakalipano subspecies sikisi, amasiyana pang'ono losangalatsa, ambiri wamba zinziri. Nest mu Europe, Africa North ndi Asia, ndi nyengo mu Africa Central ndi kum'mwera Asia, komwe anakhala miyezi 7-8 chaka. Kamakhala m'zigwa ndi m'mapiri. Iwo zisa pansi. Mu kusanjika mazira 9-15, umene wamkazi amawaumbatira kwa masiku 15-17. The zakudya amagwiritsa makamaka mbewu, masamba ndi mphukira, nthawi zina tizilombo.

Kum'mwera Ukraine, ndi North Caucasus ndi ku Central Asia nthawi yophukira kusaka mbalame amasamukira kuti zinziri wamba asanakhale nsomba, mbalame ndi mchere kwa mbiya ntchito m'tsogolo. The nsomba okwana kugwa pa Black Sea gombe la Caucasus anafika zidutswa zikwi zingapo. Ku Central Asia ndi Caucasus kukadali kofala kusaka ndi ophunzitsidwa mwapadera mpheta Mphamba.

feteleza ndi mankhwala ntchito m'minda komanso misa kutchera misampha, zinachititsa kuchepa lakuthwa chiwerengero cha quails pa mphindi.

Kuweta zinziri anayamba pafupifupi zikwi zapitazo Japan, koma pafupifupi zaka zana zapitazo, anayamba ntchito makampani nkhuku kubala mazira ndi nyama. Kamodzi anaika mphamvu akazi kwa chaka chonse zinziri dzira kuika anayamba kuswana mbalame kuonjezera kupanga dzira. M'mayiko ambiri mwaimika kasamalidwe mphamvu 700-800 zikwi. mitembo ndi makumi angapo a miliyoni. Mazira pa chaka. Chifukwa cha mizere kuswana anachokera kupanga dzira, amene chinafala m'mayiko ambiri. Mu China, ulimi wa pachaka wa pa 25 miliyoni. Mitu zinziri.

Mu Russia Perepelovodstvo chinayamba mochedwa - kuchokera mu 1964, pamene chionetsero World pa ulimi nkhuku ndi nkhuku experimental munda anabweretsa VNIIPP 27 zinziri. Kenako, kuyambira Japan anabweretsa 1,000 zinziri miyezi zakubadwa. Kuti ndi masiku zoweta zinziri - mbadwa mwachindunji ya Japanese. Mwatsoka, 60s ndi asayansi sanapeze mwayi uliwonse poyerekeza ndi nkhuku zinziri. Koma kwenikweni, zinziri ife nthawizonse takhala tiri nazo mu chitukuko. Kuyambira kale, iwo anagwidwa nkhalango ya Kursk, Orel, Tula, Tambov ndi Kharkov zigawo. Kuwuluka zinziri si zabwino kwambiri, makamaka kuthamanga. Tidamlanga anthu angapo. Woyenera ndi amene mwina kutengela mau a mbalame, ndi kuti akope mbalame mu maukonde.

Panopa kukula msika wa mazira zinziri mu Russia Akuti miliyoni 145. Ma PC. pa chaka, zinziri nyama za 600 matani pa chaka. Zoposa 70% wa malonda kubwera kuchokera m'mizinda ikuluikulu. M'matauni ang'onoang'ono ndi m'madera a kumidzi chifukwa cha zosakwana 10%. Pamene kuyerekeza chiwerengero cha mphamvu msika wa anthu mazira zinziri mu Russia ndi pafupifupi 20 nthawi poyerekeza Japan.

A uyenderere chidwi zinziri mu Russia anaonekera zomwe maziko pa mtengo wa mazira mu konzanso wa anthu amakhudzidwa ndi kukhudzana ndi cheza pambuyo Chernobyl tsoka. Zinachitikira ntchito zawo amanenedwa ndi magazini "Ogonyok." Medics olembedwa kudya normalization odwala, kutha kwa kutopa ndi ululu mu mtima, yafupika madandaulo a chizungulire ndi nosebleeds. Komanso mwazi wa ana a gulu komanso kuchuluka hemoglobin okhutira, ndipo iwo kupeza kulemera. madokotala chiweruziro: kuzindikira zinziri mazira lofunika zakudya mankhwala amalangiza iwo zochizira anthu ongoyendayenda cheza nyukiliya.

Latsopano kutsogolera makampani analandira mogwirizana ndi ntchito a mtundu wa chitukuko cha gawo ulimi, umene unakopa chidwi cha anthu amalonda mu bizinesi.

Tsopano mankhwala perepelovodstva kupereka magawo onse opanga ulimi ku minda yaikulu ndi nkhuku alimi kuti mabanja payekha. Mtsogoleri mtheradi kupanga ndi dera Voronezh, kumene minda nkhuku zitatu eni theka la mphamvu la dzikolo. Mkulu angathe kukhala ndi Krasnodar, Stavropol, Rostov, Samara ndi Bryansk dela, ndi ena ambiri.

Perepelovodstva ogula nthawi zonse mankhwala magulu angapo chandamale:

• ntchito mankhwala. Kwapadera chakudya ndi katundu zakudya, ndi kuchuluka kupezeka zachititsa kuti kuwonjezeka yokulirapo mu gawo la;

• mwana chakudya. gawo The chinayamba mu 90 motsutsa likhale mabuku ambiri onena za zofunikira yapaderayi mazira zinziri. Linapangitsa kuti ichi ndi chakuti perepelovodstva mankhwala kusiyana ndi kusapezeka kwa thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi zizindikiro diathesis ana, komanso digestibility zabwino;

• azidya chakudya. Mu nthawi posachedwapa, kuika moyo wathanzi mu dziko, m'mayiko ambiri otukuka, chinthu china chimene ndi kadyedwe.

zinziri mazira kulawa monga nkhuku. Akukhulupirira kuti ntchito zawo zonse m'mawa asanadye yaiwisi ukuwonjezeka umoyo, ndi mitengo ntchito kwa miyezi 2-3 bwino chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi mphumu, TB ndi matenda a dongosolo mtima. mazira zinziri, mosiyana ndi mazira a mbalame zina, kupatula mafuta free, choncho tikulimbikitsidwa okalamba. Poyerekeza ndi nkhuku, ndi zinziri mazira zili 5 nthawi zambiri potaziyamu chitsulo nthawi 4.5, nthawi 2.5 ndi V² H¹ mavitamini, komanso ndalama kwambiri vitamini A, phosphorous, cobalt, ndi asidi nicotinic. Zinziri mazira zili zofunika kwambiri, ndipo mapuloteni okhutira. Zinziri mazira mkulu zakudya mtengo ndi zakudya ndi chifukwa okhutira kwambiri zosiyanasiyana mafuta ndi mavitamini mafuta-sungunuka mu mulingo woyenera kufanana anthu.

Zinziri nyama ndi osiyana mwachikondi amakambirana ndi juiciness. Mu kukoma ndi mankhwala zikuchokera izo, komanso mazira, amatchedwa lofunika zakudya ndi zophikiratu mankhwala. Zinziri nyama kukoma bwino ndi watanthauzo nkhuku, nkhumba ndi ng'ombe mavitamini (A, H¹, V²), kufufuza zinthu (chitsulo, potaziyamu, cobalt, mkuwa), ndi zidulo zofunika kwa amino.

Sankhani ...

Panopa, kusankha mitundu ingapo ya zinziri anachokera: nsangalabwi, Farao British utoto zinziri, ndi hybrids zosiyanasiyana ku mitanda ya Mitundu anthu. The International kulembetsa buku zinziri Mitundu ndi mizere olembedwa mitundu isanu: woyera ndi wakuda English, Australia lachikasu bulauni, golide Manchu, smokingovaya ndi Farao komanso 60 mizere osiyana. Onse, kupatula mtundu wa Farao, amene amatanthauza ng'ombe, ntchito kubala mazira.

Zinziri yachibadwa (zakutchire) - zing'onozing'ono gallinaceous mbalame ndi kutalika thupi la masentimita 16-20, masekeli kwa 80 150 anapiye ga wamkazi aswa ndi zotuluka pa 17- 20 masiku. Pambuyo kuyanika, anapiye yomweyo anayamba n'kumamujompha mwendo chakudya ndi kukula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo ndi tsiku la 40 la mbalame wamkulu ndi nthenga ndi kumayesera kuuluka. Ndi wosavuta kawetedwe mu kumbuyo, kutenga nkhani zingapo malangizo. Pa chaka, kupatula m'ma chilimwe, zakudya ayenera kufunga chomera chakudya mu mawonekedwe a zitsamba atsopano, mbewu za udzu osiyanasiyana; chilimwe mbalame mwachangu kudya tizilombo ndiponso nkhono lalikulu zedi. M'nkhani ya zili ma ali wodzichepetsa koma mantha kwambiri chinthu kuganizira posankha khola: kapena matabwa khola kapena khola pamwamba za nsalu kapena thumba pulasitiki. Mu selo pa thireyi n'kuwaza woyera bwino zouma mtsinje mchenga, ponena kuti ziume kusamba mbalame majeremusi. Feeders ndi waterers madzi anaikidwa kunja kwa otsukidwa mu anapiye mchenga musati kuononga chakudya ndi madzi.

Kuwonjezera zinziri wamba (wochedwanso European) pa dera la Russia amakhala osayankhula, kapena Japanese zinziri, limene liri zofala Korea, Northern China, Japan. Ya Japanese kuswana zinziri ndi miyala zofunika anali linachokera. Amuna kulemera 110 mpaka 120 ga, akazi pafupifupi 138 ga, zina mpaka 150, ndi zowalamulira ndi inayamba pa zaka masiku 40-60 ndi chaka kunyamula mazira 300 kapena kuposa. Wapakati kulemera kwa magalamu 9-11 mazira. Undemanding ku boma m'ndende ndi ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi chiwerengero cha matenda. Nthawi zambiri, izo zabweretsa Japanese zinziri.

Farao zinziri Mitundu a gulu la Mitundu nyama, zikuuluka mtundu ndi zofanana ndi za zinziri Japanese. Kulemera akazi pafupifupi 235 G ndi osiyanasiyana kuchokera 160 mpaka 310g, pamene amuna kulemera kwa 160 kwa 260, akazi amayamba kuika mazira pa zaka masiku 40-50, ndipo kwa chaka ndi mazira 220, ndi unyinji wa magalamu 12 mpaka 18. Izi quails zimasokoneza ntchito yopanga quails broiler, masiku 45, iwo kufika moyo cholemera 150-180 ga

Japanese zinziri, mosiyana mitundu yambiri, sasiya makhalidwe, kupatula whimsical mikhalidwe makulitsidwe ndi kudya. kulemera ndi dzira awo kupanga si monga zikuchepa yafupika chifukwa cha kusowa mapuloteni mu chakudya. Komanso, Japanese thermophilic zochepa ndi kunyeketsa zochepa chakudya pa unit wa linanena bungwe.

Pa view pa zinziri kuŵetedwa zasintha zosakwana mamembala ena a dongosolo la nkhuku. Kusintha kupanga dzira ndi moyo kulemera - zinziri ndi moyo kulemera kwa 30% yapadera kwambiri mitundu ya nyama dzira ndi ankawonjezereka ndi 46% kuposa makolo kuthengo. Koma ataya luso ndege, anataya nzeru zachibadwa kwa kukaikira mazira ndi mazira, samatchera m'magulu pambuyo kuswana, ndipo ambiri Chofunika - anataya yozizira yopuma awo mu kugonana.

The zili zinziri.

Musanayambe zinziri muyenera kuyamba ndi yokonza malo, osayenera ndi zida. Nkhuku zikhoza kusungidwa pansi kapena mu maselo, koma chipindacho kukhala wouma ofunda, wowala woyera. Akufuna ziwembu zosiyanasiyana n'kupuma nyumba zinziri nkhuku ndi paddock, iwo alibe amasiyana wachibadidwe ochiritsira nkhuku coops. Koma pali ena mokoma kuti ayenera kumwedwa nkhani:

Mkati chipinda pasakhale mwakhama kufika malo, chifukwa zinziri, nyama makamaka achinyamata, chikondi kuti anakhoma mu mitundu yonse ya ming'alu ndi malo ena kwaokha. Denga pansipa 2 m si zofunika, zinziri zambiri akuwombera pa liwiro mkulu ndipo muyenera malo okwanira. Ndi bwino kukokera denga chabwino mauna pulasitiki. Pansi pa nyumbayo yokutidwa ndi mchenga, peat kapena tchipisi. mabokosi chofunika mchenga ntchentche kusakaniza phulusa kuti ziume akusamba. Mpanda wa nyumba ndi kuyenda nakumba pansi akuya masentimita osachepera 30. Pamene kulowa m'chipinda ndi kukonza tambour aviary, mbalame mwinamwake frisky chikukuwa mfundo ufulu. Paddock ndi pritemnyayut chipinda kwa dzuwa.

Kubzala kachulukidwe anatsimikiza pa maziko kuti zinziri ayenera dera osachepera 15x20 cm. Zochuluka monga kuchepa kwa malo, zikubweretsa kuchepa kupanga dzira.

Ndi zosavuta kusunga maselo zinziri, mosiyana ndi nkhuku, iwo kumva bwino amaganiza savuta kusamalira ndi kukatenga banja, mukhoza kwambiri kupulumutsa danga, maselo kuikira batire. Choncho pa 1 sq.m akhoza kumakhalamo 200-300 nkhuku ndi kulandira pamenepa mini-munda 200-250 mazira tsiku.

Maselo angathe kuikidwa mu nyumba, barani ndi m'chilimwe mwachindunji m'munda. Cell kukula anatsimikiza zochokera 120-150 sq. onani cha cholengedwa chilichonse chouluka wamkulu. The mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa maselo akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri, koma bwino, ndithudi, kwathunthu SE zopangidwa kanasonkhezereka welded mauna ndi oyenera kukula mauna. Maselo amenewa ndi zosavuta ntchito, zovuta mankhwala ndi yayitali. Losavuta ndi yabwino kwambiri ndi selo gawo zopangidwa kanasonkhezereka okhwima gululi. Thumba kukula mu feeders ndi waterers zone za 30 mm. yabwino Mipikisano gawo selo whatnot. Iwo akhoza kuika mu nyumba, ndi m'nyumba.

Feeders, kumwa mbale akhoza kupangidwa ndi, mwangwiro yosayenera ndi wokonzeka katundu mbalame yokongola. Izi feeders zingalowe ndi waterers, atapachikidwa feeders, osambira, mini-osayenera kunyamula mbalame.

Ndi zofunika kuti adakali ndi katundu:

• psychrometer kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi kulamulira mu chipinda ndi chofungatira;
• bactericidal irradiator - chifukwa disinfection wa nyumba ya nkhuku ndi zida;
• Loof ultraviolet nyali mtundu ndi infuraredi mtundu galogennovuyu CG;
• Kufungatira ambulera kwa achinyamata;
• ovoskop kulamulira mazira kuswa.

Zinziri anasiya kutsatira chibadwa cha makulitsidwe, choncho amafunika mmakina. Kusonyeza zinziri akhoza bwinobwino ntchito nkhuku zoposa Mitundu kapena nkhunda zoweta, koma chofungatira ndi odalirika. Ngati mukufuna awiri kapena atatu okha nkhuku, n'kosavuta kugula iwo pa malonda ndi, m'malo mofuna tikuona mu makina. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti 3-5 ANAPIYE kukula zovuta. Perepelyata amaona mwabata, pamene iwo zambiri. Ngati anapiye ochepa, iwo amayembekedzera squeak, ndipo kudzakhala kovuta kuwateteza ku nkhawa ndi imfa.

A ochepa nsonga ...

U Kuti zinziri bwino anasamukira chikusuntha kagwiridwe, Ndi bwino kugula iwo pa usinkhu wa masabata 6-8. Posankha mbalame, kuyendera nthenga padziko cloaca lapansi. Mverani kupuma chanu, kaya wheezing ndi kuimba mluzu. Nkhuku sayenera wonenepa kapena woonda. A mbalame wathanzi ali wotumbululuka pinki mtundu wa khungu pa pamimba, chikasu amalankhula za matenda chiwindi. Mlomo ayenera kukhala wouma ndi wopanda kumanga mmwamba. Pribolevshy waulesi mbalame ndi nthenga kukupiza.

U mbalame Chatsopano zisungidwe kwaokha kwa masabata awiri kapena atatu isanayambe mu aviary wamba, mlungu woyamba adzakhala zabwino desoldering ofooka njira ya permanganate potaziyamu.

Zinziri ayenera kugwiridwa mosamala, izo m'pofunika kupita aviary laling'ono kapena khola, komanso kukwera mu khungu, kuti chifukwa kupanikizika mbalame. N'chifukwa chake akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feeders basi ndi waterers. Chifukwa cha iwo, akhoza kukhala nthawi yayitali kuti tisasokoneze mbalame. Iwo anakonza kapena kwathunthu kunja kapena mkati, koma Mulimonsemo kunja kwa chipinda wapatsidwa.

Kuti ziweto zanu zonse yosesa ndi kumva bwino, muyenera kutsatira zinthu zina za zinziri. Izi koposa zonse, kutentha ndi kuwala zinthu, komanso kudyetsa moyenera, mkulu-mapuloteni chakudya. The ena zinziri m'malo mbalame undemanding.

Chipinda chimene maselo zakonzedwa kuti zinziri mwina kapena wopanda mawindo (mazenera mosakayikira bwino) koma ndi mpweya wabwino, kupereka mwatsopano mpweya okwanira (1 makilogalamu a moyo nkhuku kulemera osachepera 1.5 m³ / h mu ozizira nthawi ndi 5 m³ / h ndi ofunda). mpweya zimenezi n'kofunika kokha tima kuwombola zinziri zinthu. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo mu chipinda, imene ili ndi zinziri, pasakhale drafts, angachite iwo makamaka tcheru, chimodzi cha zizindikiro loyamba drafts ndi kulephera kugwira nthenga mbalame. Zinziri kukhala pafupifupi wamaliseche dzira kupanga amachepetsa ndi kuonjezera imfa.

Akadakwanitsira kutentha zabwino adagona 19-20 C kusinthasintha chovomerezeka kwa 18 ° 25 ° C. Pa kutentha m'munsimu 16 ° C mwina kutsirizitsa oviposition wamkazi. Mbalame yopweteka kulekerera monyanyira kutentha, drafts ndi ozizira, kuchokera kudziponya tingafe. Komabe anafotokoza milandu zili zinziri yozizira mu zipinda unheated pa kutentha m'dera selo mu osiyanasiyana 5-12 C, kuti tipitirize kuchitidwa zinziri.

Masana maola - chinthu chofunika kwambiri wabwino kupanga dzira ndi viability zinziri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo pa kuyatsa chipinda, komanso kuwala kwambiri ndi zoipa - mu kuwala kwa mbalame akubwera chisangalalo ndi imfayo Kamangidwe. Chotha kubisa maselo m'dera ntchito incandescent kapena fulorosenti 40-50 W (MDC-40). Chifukwa kuswana mazira kuwala ziziyatsidwa maola 17, ziyenela kuyan'anidwa mode -. Kuwunikira adzatembenukira ndi zimitsani pa nthawi yomweyo, ulamuliro imeneyi imagwira ntchito zinthu zina zonse - kudya, dzira zosonkhanitsira, etc.

chinyezi mu zipinda zinziri wamkulu, sayenera pansipa 55%. M'munsi chinyontho kwa nthawi yaitali akutitsogolera kuti kuchepa kudya, ndi moyenera, kuchepa kupanga dzira, nthenga kukhala Chimaona, zinziri kukhala disheveled maonekedwe. Pankhaniyi mpweya uyenera moisturize jenda kutsanulira madzi ndi kuika chidebe ndi madzi vaporization. Nthawi zambiri pali otsika chinyezi m'chilimwe kapena mu zipinda kwambiri mkangano. Komanso undesirably kuonjezera chinyezi pamwamba 75%. Mulingo woyenera chinyezi wa 60-70% kwa zinziri mibadwo yonse.

Mkulu zokolola zinziri ayenera kudya zonse. Daily perepelyata amabadwa ochepa kwambiri (mpaka magalamu 6), koma kukula mofulumira, ndi miyezi 2 zakubadwa, iwo kufika kulemera kwa mbalame wamkulu. Chifukwa cha kudya quails ndi kudyetsa. Popeza zinziri ndi kagayidwe kwambiri ndi makhalidwe thupi ndi zikuchokera chakudya nyama zinziri ali peculiarities yake: ayenera kukhala moyenera kwambiri calorific ndi digiri akadakwanitsira kusinja.

moyenera mphamvu zakudya zosakaniza mbewu - chimanga, tirigu, mapira, balere. Malinga ndi yaiwisi mapuloteni - mkate, mkate, nyemba ndi chakudya cha chiyambi nyama (nyama ndi fupa ndi nsomba chakudya, mkaka waufa). Zinziri kufunika kwa mapuloteni imasiyana malingana ndi msinkhu.

100g chakudya munali: yosakongola proteina- 22% kashiamu - 2; phosphorous 1.6 ndi 0,6% sodium wochuluka. Views ofufuza zosiyanasiyana zinziri kufunika kwa mapuloteni yosakongola amatsutsa. Koma anapeza kuti mbalame amachita mapuloteni owonjezera, kapena kusowa popanda kwambiri, kuwonongeka Malire zotsatirazi: achinyamata a zaka zapakati pa masiku 1 30 zimatengera pa 23 kuti 26,7% mapuloteni yosakongola, kuyambira 31 masiku 46 - 16-26%; nkhuku - 20 mpaka 24%.

Kudyetsa zinziri komanso ntchito chakudya kwa broilers ndi PC-5 PC-6 ndi zina zina ndi kudyetsa dzira-atagona nkhuku wamng'onoyo instar macheka PC-2. Kudyetsa anthu zinziri wamkulu amayamba ndi 6-sabata zakubadwa, wamkulu akudya kumasulira chakudya ayenera pang'onopang'ono kwa masiku 5-6.

Mu kuika nthawi tsiku mowa chakudya kwa mutu 22-30 ga Kuchokera pa ichi, ife tikhoza kuwerengera malo zofunika chakudya analipereka kwa alipo munda ziweto. Mwachitsanzo, pamene okhutira 100 zinziri akazi tsiku mowa chakudya pafupifupi 2.5-3 makilogalamu, motero mwezi chakudya chofunika 90 makilogalamu, pamene nthawi ya 2000-2300 adzasenza zinziri mazira.

Ndi yovomerezeka chakudya wopangidwa 3 zigawo, - chimanga, nyemba (vitamini A), ufa soya ndi mofanana. Zimenezi zimapereka zakudya kwathunthu chamoyo zinziri. Kudzaza kuchepa kwa chakudya nyama Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito, nyongolotsi ndi mphutsi za mealworms, amene mosavuta zimafalitsidwa mu m'galasi. Komanso, zowonjezerazo zabwino angathe kutumikira atsopano (osati mchere) khitchini zinyalala ndi zobiriwira greenery, ndi onse angaperekedwe mbalame zambiri.

Chakudya kudyetsedwa onse youma ndi boma lonyowa. Pafupifupi mowa pa wamkulu mbalame patsiku: zernomuchnyh chakudya - tirigu, balere grits kapena oatmeal - 12 ga; mapuloteni - nsomba, minced nyama, tchizi - 12 ga; vitamini - kaloti, kabichi, letesi, lunguzi ndi zelen- zina popanda malire; mchere - zipolopolo dzira, choko - 3G. N'zotheka kupereka mpendadzuwa kapena soya chakudya kapena mkaka waufa (0.5g patsiku). Monga vitamini mphamvu zinziri kupereka grated kaloti, maapulo, Beets. chakudya onse ayenera wosweka, ndiye kusakaniza bwino. Akafuna kudyetsa wamkulu mbalame 2-3 pa tsiku, pa nthawi yomweyo.

zinziri yotentha kupereka mopanda malire zitsamba: zitsamba, kabichi, Beets, clover, nyemba, nettle, letesi ndi sipinachi. Zinziri ngati akanadulidwa amadyera dandelion, nettle, yarrow, borage, Yerusalemu atitchoku. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame ayenera kudyetsedwa amadyera utakula Mapila, mawere, tirigu, anyezi, zingakhale zabwino ngati Amadyetsa awo atakula m'nyumba kapena saladi masamba Tradescantia. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa houseplants ochepa amene ali abwino zinziri. Musataye pamwamba zinziri wa tomato, mbatata, milkweed, parsley, udzu winawake, parsley ndi nightshade zipatso, onse buttercup, tansy, chotchezera, chimanga ndi amadyera buckwheat, rye, lupine.

Zinziri zoipa kwambiri amachitira ndi kusintha kwa chakudya, chifukwa mu dontho lomwelo kupanga dzira. Mbalame Yankho ngakhale chakudya kwa mbewu imodzi, koma mosinthana osiyana kupanga, mukhoza kuziwerenga mazira. Ie mpaka mapeto a chakudya akale, inu kale analowa pang'ono latsopano, pang'onopang'ono posamutsa mbalame izo. Zinziri onse momvetsa kulekerera kusintha lakuthwa - kuyatsa, kutentha, zakudya kapena nthawi kudyetsa, kuchimva.

Chonde dziwani ...

U zambiri mu zinziri wamkulu linawola ndi kugwa nthenga. Chifukwa akujompha akhoza kukhala kuwala, kudziponya kwambiri kapena kupanda mavitamini. Ngati imfa nthenga si kugwirizana ndi molting kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, ndi umboni wa zinthu zoipa kutentha.

U Pa khalidwe la nkhumba akhoza adzaweruzidwa ndi mphamvu ya eggshells ndi zitosi mbalame. Bwinobwino zinyalala wandiweyani kapangidwe, mdima mu mtundu ndi ❖ kuyanika woyera asidi uric. madzi manyowa ndi mdima wobiriwira kapena inclusions magazi ukuonetsa matenda mbalame kapena poyizoni gome mchere. Yellow - chizindikiro cha zimam'patsa muyeso, ndi wakuda - mwina kwa mapuloteni owonjezera. Kutsekula m'mimba ndi wofunika kwa oatmeal kapena mpunga madzi m'malo mwa madzi.

Mbali yaikulu ya zinziri kudya akhoza kugawidwa m'mbali zitatu:

• nthawi yoyamba, pa zaka kuchokera 1 mpaka 7 TH tsiku perepelyatam kupereka ozizira yophika ndi yosenda ndi zipolopolo zinziri kapena nkhuku mazira. Woyamba Ndi bwino. Pa tsiku 2 wa moyo eggfood kuwonjezera tchizi pa mlingo wa 2 ga pa mbalame patsiku. Pa tsiku lachitatu n'zotheka monga chakudya akanadulidwa zitsamba atsopano. Pa tsiku 4 kuchepetsa dzira zakudya ndi kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa tchizi. Zinziri kudyetsedwa nthawi 5 tsiku;
• wachiwiri nyengo - 2 na- 4 TH sabata la moyo. Izo wakudya maziko pa nthawi ya chakudya munali 100 ga osachepera 24-26% mapuloteni yosakongola ndi zopatsa mphamvu 280 kuwombola mphamvu. Kudyetsedwa nthawi 4 tsiku;
• nthawi yachitatu - masabata 5-6 moyo. Panthawi imeneyi, zinziri zokolola chakudya mbalame wamkulu, koma mlingo zomanga thupi yosakongola zochepa 15-17%, pofuna kupewa kutha msinkhu oyambirira, ndi isanayambike mofulumira wamba, umene bwanji pambuyo pa chiwerengero ndi kulemera kwa mazira. Buku okwana wosweka tirigu ukuwonjezeka chakudya tirigu.

The wodyetsa ayenera kudzaza chakudya kwa 2/3 la kuya awo, monga chakudya zinziri zabalalika.

Makulitsidwe mazira zinziri, mungagwiritse ntchito iliyonse yaing'ono chofungatira nyumba "Universal" dongosolo, "nkhuku", TOC, Dr.-F-03, ndipo ena. Mphamvu Zoutamira awa zambiri mwachindunji zochokera chiwerengero cha mazira, mwachitsanzo Muyenera kupereka kuti zinziri mazira kupita pansi nthawi 4-6 lalikulu kuposa nkhuku. Kaya mtundu wa chofungatira, mafakitale kapena amamwa, izo zofunika kuzikwaniritsa: chipangizo ayenera kukhala zofunika kutentha - 37-39 ° C, mazira zokhumba ziyenera basi.

Pakuti kuswa mazira a akazi anayikidwa ndi amuna mu alionse 1: 2 - 1: mabanja 4 amene analemba udzatha ndi masankhidwe ndi sanasinthe. Pamene kuswana ntchito ndi kulekana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Pankhaniyi, mating mphindi wamkazi 10-15 podsazhivayut amphongo, ndiye Patapita nthawi iyi anali mobwerezabwereza ndi mkazi wina, etc. mazira Choncho ubwamuna ndi 80% - kuposa Kumuyika ufulu. Mu ntchito kuswana kukhalabe mkulu mazira ubwamuna wa akazi ndi amuna ntchito kwa miyezi 3, ndiyeno iwo anataya ndi kuchotsa miyezi iwiri wamng'ono quails.

Kuswa mazira ayenera mawonekedwe zonse, ndi yosalala pamwamba, ndi mtundu ambiri masekeli mazira 9-11 ga Zing'onozing'ono ndi akuluakulu zotsatirapo kukangana ndi makulitsidwe ndi ana. Kuyambira zinziri nyama mtundu Farao chofungatira ndi kuikira mazira masekeli 12-16 ga potaya khalidwe la kuswa mazira zabwino kuphunzitsa pa candling, umene uli chabe kuti ngati kuti 30% ya mazira ndi losweka mu chipolopolo ndi zolakwika zina. mazira Akuda sanasambitsidwe - angathe kuwononga nadskorlupnuyu filimu ndi kuononga pores kusintha mpweya. Konzekerani makulitsidwe a mazira kusungidwa palibe masiku oposa 7.

mazira atsopano kumira m'madzi firiji, wakale, chipinda patsogolo mpweya tiwolokere. Best yaing'ono yaikazi ndi ku m'badwo wa miyezi 2-6.

Kupsa chitukuko cha mwana wosabadwayo kungakhale pa candling. Mu chitukuko wabwinobwino, ndi masiku 9,5 pakati pa dzira Ndisanaumbidwe Tingaone mu mawonekedwe a mawanga mdima.

Pa tsiku perepelyata 17, akusandutsa dzira, zimaswa dzira chipolopolo pa circumference pa mbali linafalitsidwa kwambiri. Kutsiliza wochezeka ndipo kawirikawiri Wamaliza maola 4-6, ngakhale perepelyata munthu ku mtanda chomwecho ndipo akhoza zimaswa masiku 1-2 pambuyo linanena bungwe chachikulu. Pamene owonjezera chinyezi Pip amapezeka mu gawo yosamveka dzira, ndi mwana wankhuku pakokha sangathawe mthunzi. Ngati youma kwambiri mu chofungatira, ndi chipolopolo podskorlupnye amphamvu kwambiri. Perepelenok mulomo akuswa chipolopolo, koma sangathe kutuluka kumene. Ie chinyezi - mmodzi wa chinsinsi kupambana zinthu makulitsidwe. Pa tsiku la 15 la makulitsidwe dzira ndi bwino kusuntha mu chipinda patsogolo. Anapiye ku chofungatira bwino kulekerera maola 10-12 pokhapokha achire, ndiko, pa tsiku la 18 pambuyo atagona mazira.

Chifukwa anapiye anayikidwa pansi pa makina brooder, ndi kutentha 37,5 °, uliwonse masiku 4 ayanjane 2 °, kwa masiku 20 zakubadwa, izo kuchepa kwa firiji. Ngati anapiye simukuwadziwa bwinobwino, iwo anayamba squeak, gulu ngati kukuzizira, ndipo ngati onse achoke brooder wa - ndiye kukutentha.

M'nthawi masabata awiri kapena atatu kuwala kwa anapiye ndi anayatsa nthawi zonse, ndiye pang'onopang'ono mpaka kusanduka maola masana maola 12-16 tsiku.

Kukhuta zinziri m'masiku oyambirira kanayi pa tsiku Ovuta yophika grated dzira, ndi Kuwonjezera milled tirigu kusakaniza. Kuchokera tsiku lachiwiri kupereka Anabweretsa mbamuikha ndi anyezi-cholembera, kuyambira tsiku lachitatu - karoti grated, nettle, yophika Taphunzira nsomba multivitamin ndi madontho ochepa a mafuta nsomba. Chakudya angaperekedwe monga youma kapena pang'ono lonyowa. Wodyetsa ntchito pa mlingo wa 1.5 masentimita kumtunda mutu, kumwa mbale -. 1 cm Poteteza perepelyatam kuchokera tsiku anatsanulira mu ufa pang'ono pinki njira ya permanganate potaziyamu mu madzi owiritsa, multivitamins mlingo wa 1 dontho pa mitu 2. kwambiri komanso kupala decoctions zitsamba chamomile, calendula, plantain, nettle, fennel. Supuni udzu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, anabweretsa kwa chithupsa ndi tomyat mphindi zochepa.

Samalani ....

U Pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chitatu wa zinziri akukula otchedwa "hemp" - nthenga tsogolo ndi anapiye kuyang'ana zauve ndi onyowa, pali kufuna kuwawombola, kwache imbaendesa munthu ku imfa. Ngakhale mwana wankhuku ndi kwambiri topaka, zilowerere n'koopsa.

U zambiri, zili si ma wa zinyalala yonyowa ndi kudya miyendo zinziri anapanga chimanga. Inu simungakhoze yeserani kuwakoka iwo, pamene zouma, ayenera kukhala yonyowa ndi madzi ofunda, ndi yekhayo ndiye bwino kogotochki. Ndi bwino kupewa ichi, monga sklevyvanie, mbalame zitosi zawo. Choncho anapiye bwino tsiku ndi kutera pa pansi mauna.

U Perepelyata mosavuta kumira m'madzi akufuna toti kuyamwa. Pansi akumwa nthawi izi zikhoza kugulidwa ku sitolo wapadera kozungulira-zopalira kwa zitini, amene anaika kukalowa galasi mtsuko anakhala ndi kusiyana mu kozungulira lapansi.

U mantha ndi zonse zobisika pansi pepala katundu, nthawi zambiri Anapitirizabe kumeneko. wamanyazi kwambiri ndipo jumpy! Musalole mwayi kuthawa bokosi. Musamakhulupirire mbalame pa msewu wopanda maselo kwa iwo kutsatira n'zosatheka kuwatengera iwo si kophweka, koma m'chilengedwe adzafa.

U Before mwezi ndi bwino kuti asiyanitse kudzera chakudya, ngati onse mwana wankhuku chomwecho kutsamwa chakudya youma, n'zotheka kuyesa kumuthandiza, pang'onopang'ono akukankha chidutswa Anapitirizabe chakudya mu masabata awiri oyambirira a moyo zinziri bwino kudya trays zopangidwa plywood ndi matabwa 5 mm mkulu.

U Musati poite mwakayakaya anapiye. Ngati mwana wankhuku Simungathe kumwera mokha, adzafa mulimonse.

U Kasambeni mu ntchentche phulusa-mchenga kusamba zinziri muyenera kuonetsetsa, koma osati akale masiku kale kuposa 45.

U Izi kuti anapiye kuchokera brooder ndi, kumva kuzizira ndipo wambiri, kukhala kwa nthawi yaitali m'dera ndi osakwanira kwa iwo kutentha. Mungathe kukonza mpanda wa makatoni kapena plywood zowonetsera bwalo pa mtunda wa 1.25-1.5 mamita m'mphepete mwa ambulera brooder. M'dera wotchingidwa la anapiye adzapeza chakudya ndi madzi, umene uli wofunika kwambiri komanso. Pakuti nyama ndi wofunika kwambiri ultraviolet ndi cheza infuraredi.

Ngati mbalame aukitsidwa kwa mazira, ndiye amwezi umodzi, mukhoza kumasulira mu chakudya kwa atagona nkhuku panopa mtengo okhutira. Zinziri mkokomo kunyumba kwa miyezi 9-11, ndiyeno iwo ali onenepa ndipo anapha nyama.

Anapiye nyama kuphedwa pa zaka masabata 4, pamene inu mukhoza kale kusiyanitsa amuna ochokera zazikazi. Nthawi zambiri kuti mitembo anali fatter chikhalidwe chisanafike wonenepa mbalame, otsazhivaya kwa mlungu umodzi kapena iwiri mu chipinda chidima ndi kulowa zakudya ndi yophika mbatata.

Likukhalira ...

U zinziri mazira kukhala mofulumira kuposa nkhuku ndi nkhukutembo. Pambuyo H 24 makulitsidwe mu dzira perepelenok limagwira mu chitukuko cha 30 maola nkhuku. The masiku asanu zinziri mazira kukumana zisanu ndi tsiku mlungu nkhuku ndi fizanti.

• U Precocity zinziri kawiri kuposa wa Peking bakha, ndi katatu kuposa akalulu. mkombero Full mazira bookmarks mu chofungatira mpaka dzira woyamba kuchokera zinziri achinyamata masiku 40-66 yekha.
• U Ngati kuthengo zinziri scurry idzayamba mwezi akhumi zoweta nkhuku pa sikisi, kunyumba zinziri - pa wachiwiri.
• U Ndi bwino ena nkhuku kuikira mazira awiri patsiku.
• U asanu zinziri ali m'chaka cha nambala yomweyo ya mazira ndi kulemera monga nkhuku, koma kukula katatu mofulumira, ndiponso kudyetsa pa woyezera kulemera kwa thupi amafuna zochepa.
• U The zinziri Japanese mu yogawa ali pa malo chachiwiri pambuyo broiler lapansi. Nyama quails kubala zosiyanasiyana zakudya zamzitini. Mmene otchuka mbalame, n'chakuti mazira ake amagulitsidwa kumeneko, ngakhale newsagents lapansi.
• U Zinziri mazira ntchito zamera-mafakitale. Tilimbane leukemic matenda ndi sarcomatous pamaso pa nthumwi biologically yogwira kulola ntchito mopanda mantha zinziri mazira mu mawonekedwe yaiwisi.

Mndandanda wa malemba:

Zadorozhna LA Perepelovodstvo. - P27 M:. Kanthu; Donetsk: Stalker, 2005

Small koma wapatali .// pawiri / uchikumbe hozyaystvo.- 2000.- № 4

Chilinganizo cha perepelovodstva // Nyama dera / Ptitseprom.- 2010.- № 4

Marinchenko te