Zitatu gawo galimoto mu Intaneti osakwatiwa-gawo. Kulumikizana gawo galimoto

Pali zinthu mu moyo pamene mukufuna zina mtundu wa zida m'mafakitale wamba zoweta mains okwanira. Ndiye pali vuto ndi chiwerengero cha mawaya. Pa makina lakonzedwa kuti ntchito zomera, malo, zambiri atatu, ndi zina zinayi, ndi. Kodi kuchita ndi iwo, kumene kulumikiza iwo? Iwo amene anayesa kuyesa kusankha zinthu, onetsetsani kuti Motors alibe tikungofuna kuti sapota. Kodi n'zotheka kulumikiza lokhala ndi gawo atatu gawo mota? Inde, mukhoza kukwaniritsa kasinthasintha. Mwatsoka, mu nkhani iyi, mphamvu n'kogwiritsa adzagwa ndi pafupifupi theka, koma zina ndi - njira yokhayo yotulukira.

Voteji atatu gawo network ndi chiŵerengero awo

Kuti timvetse mmene kulumikiza atatu gawo galimoto ndi kubwereketsa ochiritsira, muyenera kumvetsetsa mmene anafotokozera voteji mu maukonde mafakitale. mfundo Voteji zimadziwika bwino - 220 ndi 380 volts. Poyamba, zinali akadali 127, koma mu magulu a njirayi anali kuzisiya mkulu kwambiri. Kodi anachita izi "manambala matsenga"? Bwanji 100 kapena 200 kapena 300? Zikuoneka kuti mosavuta manambala wozungulira kuganizira.

Ambiri mwa zida mafakitale magetsi lakonzedwa kugwirizana kwa atatu gawo alternating panopa. The voteji gawo lirilonse ndi waya ndale ndi 220 volts, monga kunyumba kubwereketsa wanu. Kodi anachokera 380? N'zosavuta zokwanira taganizirani makona isosceles ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya ya 60, 30 ndi 30 digiri, umene ndi vekitala chithunzi cha voltages. Kutalika kwa mbali yaitali ndi wofanana ndi kutalika kwa ntchafu, kuchulukitsa ndi Ko 30 °. Pambuyo kuwerengetsera yosavuta Tingaone kuti 220 × Ko 30 ° = 380.

galimoto zida gawo

Osati mitundu yonse ya Motors mafakitale akhoza opareshoni ku gawo limodzi. Ambiri a iwo - ndi "workhorses" amapanga ambiri makina magetsi mu ogwira ntchito iliyonse - asynchronous makina ndi mphamvu 1 - 1.5 kVA. Kodi atatu gawo galimoto mu machitidwe atatu gawo, chimene chinali cholinga?

The zatsopano pogwiritsa chosintha anali Russian wasayansi Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky. Chapadera injiniya magetsi anali wothandiza ndi chiphunzitso cha mains atatu gawo, yomwe nthawi wathu wakhala lalikulu. Asynchronous galimoto gawo mafunde ntchito ndi kupatsidwa ulemu kwa windings stator pa ochititsa ozungulira atsekedwa. Chifukwa cha asayembekezere wa windings yochepa circuited aliyense amene pali maginito kuti interacts ndi mizere stator mphamvu. Choncho analandira makokedwe, wopita ku zoyenda zozungulira za galimoto olamulira.

windings The imakonzedwa pa makona 120 °, potero onsewo munda opangidwa ndi aliyense wa magawo ndi sequentially amakankhira mbali magnetizable wa ozungulira lapansi.

A kansalu kapena nyenyezi?

Zitatu gawo galimoto mu machitidwe atatu gawo akhoza anazimitsa m'njira ziwiri - ndi ndale kapena popanda iye. The njira woyamba amatchedwa "nyenyezi" mu nkhani iyi, aliyense wa windings ndi mu gawo voteji (gawo ziro) ofanana zinthu zathu 220 V. Kulumikizana "makona" atatu gawo galimoto kumafuna kugwirizana mndandanda wa windings atatu ndi kupereka mzere (380) ndi voteji kudutsa mfundo kusinthitsa. Ngati chachiwiri, galimoto ya udzabala kwambiri ndi pafupifupi theka la mphamvu.

Kodi kutembenukira pa galimoto ku Nineve?

Control atatu gawo galimoto angatanthauze kusintha malangizo a kasinthasintha mu pandunji, mwachitsanzo chigamulocho. Kuchita izi, inu muyenera kuti kusinthanitsa mawaya awiri atatu.

Pakuti mayiko, kusintha chithunzithunzi mu bokosi galimoto osachiritsika Amawapatsa webs, anapanga zambiri za mkuwa. Kutembenukira pa "nyenyezi" mofatsa kugwirizana atatu mawaya linanena bungwe la windings pamodzi. "Triangle" zikuchoka pang'ono zovuta, komanso akhoza kusamalira ziyeneretso aliyense sekondale magetsi.

Fezi-kusuntha mphamvu

Nde nthawi zina funso n'lakuti, mmene kulumikiza atatu gawo galimoto mu ochiritsira kunyumba kubwereketsa. Ngati inu monga kuyesa kulumikiza pulagi mawaya awiri, izo siziri atembenuza. Pofuna kupeza ntchito, m'pofunika kuti yesezera gawo kusuntha Akutsatira voteji pa ngodya (makamaka 120 °). Pofuna kukwaniritsa mawu amenewa, mungathe, ngati inu ntchito zinthu gawo-kusuntha. Theoretically angakhale ndi inductance, ndipo ngakhale kukana, koma nthawi zitatu gawo galimoto mu maukonde limodzi gawo ndi adamulowetsa ntchito magetsi capacitance (capacitor), amene amatchulidwa mu Latin kalata C. Mapulani

Ponena za ntchito Kukonda Chuma, n'zovuta kudziwa chifukwa zovuta za makhalidwe awo (ngati si anasonyeza pa chipangizo). Kuyeza ukulu L chofunika chipangizo wapadera kapena anasonkhana kwa zolinga zawo. Komanso, kusankha Kukonda Chuma zilipo zambiri okha. Komabe, aliyense experimental gawo-kusuntha mchitidwe amatha, koma ndi ovuta.

Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani injini anatembenukira? Pa imodzi mwa mfundo mogwirizana akudyetsedwa ziro, pa zina - gawo, ndi wachitatu - ndi voteji ena ankatembenukira ndi njira zina za gawo. Chotsani ndipo sanali katswiri kuti ntchito injini sadzakhala wangwiro ndi kulemekeza mawotchi kutsinde mphamvu, koma zina ndi okwanira kasinthasintha choona. Komabe, pa oyambitsa angakhalepo mavuto ena monga pakalibe mfundo yoyambira, otha kulimbikitsa ozungulira m'mipando yawo. Kodi kuchita mu nkhani iyi?

chiyambi capacitor

Pa nthawi kuyesetsa kuyamba-mmwamba kutsinde zina zofunika kugonjetsa mphamvu za inertia ndi mikangano malo amodzi. Kuonjezera makokedwe, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa ndi capacitor zina olumikizidwa kwa dera yekha poyamba, ndiye wazimitsa. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, Njira ndi ntchito kutsekera pushbutton malo. Kulumikizana chithunzi atatu-gawo galimoto ndi capacitor kuyambira ali pansipa, ndi osavuta kumva. Pa nthawi ya ntchito voteji ayenera alemba pa "Start" batani, ndi kuyamba capacitor adzalenga zina gawo kosangalatsa. Pambuyo injini untwisted kuti batani anakhumba liwiro, mukhoza (ndipo ayenera) apite ndi monga mphamvu ntchito mwa dera la.

Yowerengera makhalidwe capacitance

Choncho, tinapeza kuti athe atatu gawo galimoto mu Intaneti osakwatiwa-gawo amafuna zina Kulumikizana chithunzi imene, kuwonjezera pa chiyambi batani, muli capacitors awiri. Ayenera kudziwa phindu, mwinamwake dongosolo sizigwira ntchito. Kuyamba ndi tingamasulire mtengo capacitance magetsi chofunika kuti afumye ozungulira kuti muyende. Olumikizidwa ku kufanana ndi Uwerenge:

C = masentimita + CP, kumene:

C ndime - kuyambira zina switchable capacitance pambuyo zofunika;

C tsa - ndi capacitor ntchito, amene amathandiza kasinthasintha.

Koma tiyenera mtengo wa oveteredwa panopa I N (kuti kutchulidwa pa chizindikiro ndi Ufumuyo injini pa fakitale). chizindikiro ichi akhoza anatsimikiza ntchito m'mbali chilinganizo:

Ine N = P / (3 × U), pomwe:

U - ndi voteji pa kulumikiza "nyenyezi" - 220, ndipo ngati "makona", ndi 380 V;

P - mphamvu zitatu gawo galimoto, ndi zina pa nkhani ya imfa ya mipukutuyi anatsimikiza ndi diso.

Choncho, malingana ndi chofunika mphamvu opaleshoni kuchita masamu ndi:

CP = kumanyazi ndi m'nyozo = 2800 N I / U - kuti "Star";

C tsa = 4800 N I / U - kuti "makona";

Kuyambira capacitor ayenera kukhala woposa machitidwe a 2-3. Unit muyeso - microfarad.

Pali njira yosavuta kuwerengera capacitance: C = P / 10, koma chilinganizo ukupereka manambala dongosolo osati phindu lake. Komabe, chisokonezo Mulimonsemo ndikofunikira.

N'chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusintha

The njira ya mawerengedwe pamwamba ndi approximations. Choyamba, mtengo mwadzina pa nyumba ya mphamvu zamagetsi zingasiyane zayamba ku leni. Kachiwiri, pepala capacitors (ambiri olankhula, chinthu si wotchipa) kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito dzanja chachiwiri, ndipo mitundu yonse ya zinthu zina, nkhani kukalamba, imbaenda kuchimwa kwa kuposa anati chizindikiro. Chachitatu, panopa kuti adzatenthedwa ndi injini zimadalira katundu makina pa kutsinde, ndipo chotero likhoza kuunikira experimentally. Kodi kuchita izo?

Zidzatengera pang'ono chipiriro. Zotsatira zake zingakhale voluminous ndithu ya capacitors olumikizidwa ku kufanana ndi mndandanda. Chinthu chachikulu - pambuyo onse ntchito zabwino kukonza, kuti kuguluka kuchokera kumalekezero soldered wa Phokoso la wochokera injini. Ndiyeno palibe mavuto kachiwiri tione zotsatira ndipo mwina wosalira kapangidwe.

Kukafola muli batire

Ngati kutaya mabwana palibe wapadera electrolytic nthata, amene amalola kuyeza panopa popanda kuswa unyolo, m'pofunika kugwirizana ndi ammeter mu mndandanda ndi aliyense waya, amene m'gulu atatu gawo galimoto. Mu maukonde limodzi-gawo idzayenda mtengo okwana, ndi masankhidwe a capacitors ayenera kuyesetsa kwambiri yunifolomu potsegula coils. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pamene Daisy okwana capacitance amachepetsa monga mwa chilamulo:

1 / C = 1 / C1 + 1 / C2 ... ndi zina zotero, ndi mu kufanana - M'malo mwake, akufotokozera.

Komanso, muyenera musaiwale za magawo ena ofunika kwambiri monga voteji pa capacitor ndi kuchita masamu. Sitiyenera zosakwana mtengo mwadzina wa maukonde, ndipo ndi bwino malo.

kumaliseche resistor

Chiwembu gawo galimoto chikugwirizana pakati pa gawo limodzi ndi wochititsa ndale, nthawi zina wodzilemekeza kukana. Ali kuonetsetsa kuti mlandu pa capacitor kuyambira si anasonkhanitsa otsalira pambuyo makina ndikozimitsa. mphamvu Zimenezi zingachititse mantha magetsi, si owopsa, koma zosasangalatsa kwambiri. Kuti akhale otetezeka kukhala zikufanana ndi poyambira capacitance kulumikiza ndi resistor (Y zamagetsi amatchedwa "shunt"). Mtengo wa kukana ake ali wamkulu - kuchokera theka Meg Meg, ndi kukula kwa ziri zazing'ono, yokongola ndi poluvattnoy mphamvu. Komabe, ngati wosuta si mantha kuti "uzitsine", popanda mwatsatanetsatane zimenezi n'zotheka ndithu kuchita.

kugwiritsa electrolytes

Monga taonera kale, filimu kapena pepala capacitances mtengo kugula, ndipo iwo sali zazing'ono ngati tikufuna. Mukhoza kupanga lokhala ndi gawo kugwirizana Motors atatu gawo ntchito zotsika mtengo komanso kupezeka capacitors electrolytic. Pankhaniyi, kwambiri mtengo, iwo sadzakhala, monga kupirira 300 volts DC. Zifukwa chitetezo, tiyenera shunted michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi diode (D 245 ndipo D 248 Mwachitsanzo), koma m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti alternating voteji amapatsidwa electrolyte, ndipo koyamba kwambiri kutenthetsa pa malowedwe a mafoni amenewa, kenako amaphulika, mokweza ndi chidwi. Choncho, ngati kuli kofunika kutero, ndi bwino ntchito chimodzimodzi pepala mtundu capacitors, ndi voteji ndi osachepera nthawi zonse, ngakhale variable. Ena ambuye ndithu kulola ntchito electrolytes mu dera kuyambira. Chifukwa yochepa kukhudzana ndi alternating voteji, sangakhale ndi nthawi amaphulika. Ndi bwino kuyetsa.

Ngati palibe capacitors

Kodi nzika wamba amene alibe mwayi kwa bwino kugulitsa mbali magetsi ndi zipangizo, kugula iwo? M'misika utitiri ndi "misika utitiri". Apo iwo ali, chisamaliro vypayat manja munthu (zambiri okalamba) makina akale kutsuka matelevizioni ndi zinthu zina lofalitsidwa wa banja ndi nyumba ndi luso mafakitale. Kupempha awa mankhwala Soviet kupanga zambiri: ogulitsa mukudziwa kuti ngati katunduyo n'kofunika kuti kugula, ndipo ngati si - ndi mphatso sadzatenga. Zimachitika kuti monga katundu wochepa (mu nkhani iyi capacitor) chabe ayi. Ndipo mumatani? Zilibe kanthu! Ukutsika ndi resistors, muyenera wamphamvu, makamaka ceramic ndi vitrified. Kumene, abwino kukana (yogwira) gawo si kuloza, koma chilichonse m'dzikoli si angwiro, ndipo mu nkhani iyi ndi bwino. Lililonse thupi ali ndi kudzikonda inductance, mphamvu ya magetsi ndi resistivity Mwachitsanzo, kachidutswa kakang'ono wa fumbi kapena chiphiri chachikulu. Kutembenuza atatu gawo galimoto mu zitsulo ndi imatheka ndi kuchotsa capacitor impedance pa Mapulani pamwamba, chipembedzo chimene masamu mfundo:

R = (0,86 × U) / Maf, m'mene:

Maf - kuchuluka kwa zatsopano kugwirizana atatu gawo, ndi;

U - okhulupirika athu 220 volts.

Kodi injini Tiwatenga?

Musanayambe kupeza ndalama zambiri galimoto kuti aluntha mwini akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito monga galimoto kwa gudumu umapezeka, anaona zozungulira, kubowola atolankhani kapena zina chipangizo china chilichonse zothandiza kunyumba sakuwupweteka kuganizira applicability ake kwa cholinga ichi. Osati aliyense ndi atatu gawo galimoto nawonso umodzi gawo akhoza ntchito konse. Mwachitsanzo, mndandanda wa MA (gologolo-chisa chake ozungulira ndi khola awiri) ayenera zichotsedwa kuti uyenera lug kunyumba kulemera ndithu ndi achabechabe. Ambiri, ndi bwino kuyesera choyamba, kapena kuitana munthu wachikulire, magetsi, mwachitsanzo, ndi kufunsa musanagwiritsire kugula. Ndithu abwino atatu gawo asynchronous galimoto mndandanda UAD, APN, AO2, olowa katundu kampani ndipo, ndithudi, ndi A. zizindikiro izi osonyezedwa nameplate lapansi.