Zomangamanga Gothic a ku Ulaya

M'malo mwa luso kalembedwe Romanesque chinayambira ku Ulaya mpaka m'zaka XII, anadza msinkhu mawonekedwe a luso - Gothic. Ali chiyambi ku Italy dzina kalembedwe likumasuliridwa kuti "chinachake zachilendo yachilendo."

Kufotokoza mwa chidule za kalembedwe Gothic pa zomangamanga

zomangamanga Gothic ali makhalidwe yake yeniyeni kuti akhoza m'mawu atatu: mzinda, zikondwerero, chivalry. Nditayang'anitsitsa mpaka mabungwe inatha mu misewu yaing'ono, mu mazenera lonse anali buluu galasi ndi drapery. The mitundu yaikulu ya kalembedwe imeneyi amaonedwa kukhala buluu, chikasu ndi wofiira. Gothic chibadidwe Lancet mzere zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso anapangidwa kuchokera intersecting arcs awiri ndi finned mzere mobwerezabwereza. Kumbali ya onse a nyumba anapeza mawonekedwe anayi. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi kutembenukira mu mizati ya arches zisonga. Stone nyumba ya zitsulo nyama, wosakhwima, iwo akuwoneka kuti ali makamaka anatsindika mafupa dongosolo la. mazenera kukokera chokongoletsedwa ndi zokongola galasi mazenera papezeka, ndi pamwamba pa nyumbayo zambiri chokongoletsedwa ndi mawindo ang'onoang'ono kukongoletsa chonse. The zisonga Chipilala khomo mipata ndi dongosolo ribbed ndi zitseko zinalengedwa pa mtengowo. zomangamanga Gothic anali kuwerenga, ngakhale mu zinthu mkati: zipinda mkulu zinamangidwa yaitali ndi yopapatiza. Ngati iwo anali lonse, ndiye kuchimake ndithu alimbane mzere wa mizati, anapanga matabwa mapanelo khoma, fani coffered denga kapena arches ndi zogwiriziza. Zonsezi - Aroma.

Matchalitchi Gothic a ku Ulaya

zomangamanga Gothic wa Ages Middle - ndi, Choyamba, akachisi, mipingo, aang'ono ndi mchitidwe umenewu, chifukwa luso Gothic kwambiri anali achipembedzo kwambiri nkhani ndipo anapempha Muyaya waukulu ndi mphamvu ngati Mulungu. Pofuna kuona ulemerero wa nyumba izi, tiwone angapo a oimira yowala luso Gothic, wotchuka kwambiri aang'ono European.

mtima Vienna a. Austria. Cathedral St. Sitefano

Omangika pa bwinja la mipingo ziwiri, anapulumuka nkhondo zambiri ndipo lero ndi chizindikiro cha ufulu kwa anthu onse.

Burgos Cathedral. Spain

Medieval Cathedral, anamanga polemekeza Virgin Mary, amadziwika kukula kwake moona wautali kwambiri ndi zomangamanga wapadera.

France. Reims. Reims Cathedral

Ndi apa kuti anatiika korona mafumu onse French.

Italy. Milan. Milan Cathedral

Ichi ndi unrealistically lalikulu ndi chovuta kwambiri Gothic tchalitchi. Iwo lili lalikulu waukulu wa Milan, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka mapulani mu Europe. zomangamanga Gothic wa Milan Cathedral ndi zodabwitsa, ngakhale zankhanza kwambiri zimaperekedwa, ankakayikira kukongola zenizeni ndi ulemerero.

Spain. Sevilla. Seville Cathedral

Pa nthawi yomanga inali yaikulu mu dziko. Pamalo a ukulu mzikiti Almohads anaphedwa iye anapitiriza mizati ndi ena zanyengo, natumikira pa nthawi ina minaret, chokongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsa ndi dongosolo wachuma wa wotchuka Giralda nsanja anali n'kukhala belu nsanja.

England. York. York Minster

nyumbayo mudayamba 1230 ndipo anamaliza mu 1472, kotero Kamangidwe Gothic a tchalitchi zikuphatikizapo magawo onse a chitukuko. York Minster ndi mmodzi wa awiriwo yaikulu komanso yokongola aang'ono Gothic kuwonjezera pa tchalitchi ku Cologne (Germany) mu Europe. Ndi wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa mawindo ake papezeka-galasi.

France. Paris. Notre Dame

Notre-Dame de A Paris mwina wotchuka French Gothic tchalitchi zomangamanga ndi kalembedwe chibadidwe, ziboliboli ndi galasi mazenera wodetsedwa. December 2, 1804 mu mpanda wake anavekedwa mpando wachifumu ndi Napoleon Bonapart.

Germany. Cologne. Cologne Cathedral

Ntchito yomanga tchalitchi zinachitikadi zaka zoposa 600. Kutalika kwa yomanga zithunzizi chachikulu - mamita 157,4. Kwa zaka zambiri, ndi chizindikiro cha mzinda ndi mpingo waukulu wa Archdiocese wa Cologne.

Italy. Florence. Santa Maria del Fiore

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa nyumba zokongola kwambiri wa Florence, makoma ake akunja Ng'ona ndi mapanelo nsangalabwi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana: oyera, pinki, wobiriwira. Koma chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha kukula kwake yaikulu mzikiti njerwa.

France. Chartres. Chartres Cathedral French Gothic mamangidwe a tchalitchi lili pafupifupi mwangwiro, ambiri a mawindo ake choyambirira papezeka-galasi anatsala pafupifupi osafikiridwa kuyambira chiyambi cha m'ma XIII.