Zovunda mbalame: dzina, chithunzi

mosiyanasiyana kupeza akukhala Mbalame zodya nyama. Ena mwa iwo ndi nthumwi, kudyetsa kokha nyama zakufa. Izi zovunda mbalame wamba awo, zofanana.

Features

mbalame izi ndi mpikisano kwambiri afisi ndi kudya zovunda. oimira chapadera ndi muimba, muimba, griffon muimba, bearded muimba. Kugawira makamaka Africa Europe ndi ku Asia. Mu America pali condor, ndi American muimba wakuda ndi katarta. Ena mwa mbalame zimenezi poyamba anali carnivores, koma m'kupita kugwiritsa kudya zovunda.

mbalame zonse scavenging mbali mkulu woyenerera ndege mtunda wautali, imene iwo panopa kufunafuna nyama zikuluzikulu. Iwo anayamba kudya, kawirikawiri ndi ziwalo. Ndi mfundo imeneyi asayansi kufotokoza kupanda nthenga pa khosi ambiri a mbalame. Pamene zovunda mbalame zimaswa kuchokera mkati mtembo wa chinyama khosi maliseche salola kuti kudziunjikira mu zatsalira chakudya. Woterowo zakudya poyizoni likuchotsedwa, mwachitsanzo. K. A m'mimba mwa mbalame zimenezi kutulutsa mankhwala angathe neutralizing ptomaine. Chiombankhanga miimba m'kati kusanduka wofooka, kotero kusakasaka moyo nyama iwo n'zosatheka.

njira ya moyo

Zolusa zovunda mbalame kawirikawiri adapezeka ali yekha. Kukafunafuna chakudya kawirikawiri tiwolokere pamodzi pamwamba pansi, ndi kupeza nyama, azungulila ake gulu lonse. M'njira zosiyanasiyana ankayandikira chakudya. Munthu bearded Adzalakalaka kuti zungulizani nyama, pang'onopang'ono kugwera kutali kwa iye. A Imani pang'ono, zimayamba kusuntha pang'onopang'ono pa iye. Muimba Urubu M'malo mwake, akhoza pafupi kugwa kuchokera pamwamba pa Primechenie nyama.

miimba ambiri ndinazolowera kuyan'ana khalidwe la afisi kapena atsogoleri awo mu chiyembekezo kuti iwo posapita nthawi kuwatsogolera kupanga.

Akuluakulu a mbalame amakonda kudya kwathunthu linakwiriridwa mitembo nyama, pamene ena akufunafuna nyama se. Amasiyana ndi ndondomeko ndi mayamwidwe chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, muimba si kukhudza mafupa ndi khungu, kudya yekha gawo lamkati. Bearded muimba wakudya makamaka pa mafupa, popeza ndithu ndinazolowera m'mimba izi. Choncho, pa mtembo munthu akhoza kudyetsedwa nthawi yomweyo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miimba, popanda kusokoneza mzake.

muimba

Major mbalame, kuchuluka komwe za mamita atatu a mapiko, ndi kulemera - kuchokera makilogalamu 7 mpaka 13. Akuluakulu ndi woderapo mtundu. Pafupifupi anabala khosi m'mphepete yaitali nthenga lightish. zovunda mbalame izi ndi zambiri chisa m'tsinde ndi, ndi awiri okhazikika. Zokhazikapo ke chachikulu, zimathandiza akulu awiri.

Pa bala olemera kwambiri kununkhiza, moti anthu amangonena Kukoka zofukiza anagwa pansi pa nthambi ya mtengo, kapena kupanga zouluka otsika pa nthaka. Nkhuku ndi woyera kwambiri ndipo pamafunika mankhwala madzi nthawi iliyonse chakudya. Iwo amachita zimenezi osati chifukwa zosangalatsa, koma kuti akwaniritse disinfection wa nthenga pambuyo chakudya.

Miimba kudyetsa makamaka nyama kuti anaphedwa ndi alenje kapena wagwa yachibadwa. Mu chakudya, mbalame awa angathe kugonjetsa ataliatali ndipo amatha kuona nyama kuchokera msinkhu wa makilomita oposa theka.

Griffon muimba

zofanana kwambiri ndi miimba wakuda, izi zovunda mbalame. Iwo nalo dzina lake pa maimidwe-kunja woyera malo mutu. Komanso pa mowa, pa khosi pali kolala yopangidwa kuchokera ku nthenga yaitali. Mtundu thupi bulauni, koma mapiko ndi mchira ndi wakuda. Kamakhala makamaka mapiri a ku Central Asia, kum'mwera kwa Ulaya, ku India. Griffons chisa mu magulu a anthu awiriawiri 3-5, nthawi zina madera lonse oposa ndi awiriawiri dazeni nkhuku. Titagona alternately yoyambitsidwa ndi makolo onse, nyengo imeneyi kumatenga masiku 53.

Kumayambiriro May, pali anapiye amene kuyamba ntchentche zawo osati kale kuposa August. Pambuyo kuchoka kwa makolo miyezi itatu, kudyetsa anapiye ake.

muimba

Dzina la mbalame izi analandira kuti chakudya pa mafupa a nyama zakufa. Mu masiku olden mawu "hule," amatanthauza "zovunda." Maonekedwe miimba musati chifukwa choopa - wamfupi mbalame masekeli osachepera 2 makilogalamu, ndi kukula kwa thupi Taphunzira zitani mulomo. Nthenga zimadalira mitundu. Only awiri a iwo - wamba muimba ndi zofiirira. Woyamba yokutidwa ndi nthenga ndipo ngakhale mtundu ali ndi kanthu kena kooneka ngati mohawk. Zimapezekanso Ofunika - Africa, Europe, Islands Canary. Zopezeka mu Russia. Hooded muimba ali kufanana kwambiri ndi miimba - yemweyo anabala khosi ndi mutu. Zopezeka mu South Africa, pa gombe Mediterranean, mu Caucasus. Torso wamkulu mbalame yokutidwa ndi nthenga woyera, mapiko ndi nthenga ndege ali wakuda kwathunthu.

Izi miimba mbalame ntchito phale la osiyana chizindikiro zomvetsera kuti tilankhule wina ndi mnzake. Woonda mulomo sangathe kufafaniza zigaza ndi mafupa a nyama zikuluzikulu kotero zakudya yaikulu imakhala mitembo ya makoswe, abuluzi, njoka, ndi mbalame. Mu kuswana nyengo akazi kutchera mazira awiri okha. Anaonekera masiku 42 anapiye ongoyendayenda ndi zoopsa zosiyanasiyana za pomenyana mphungu, nkhandwe, kadzidzi ndi mimbulu.

Kale, anthu zakwawoko a North America muimba ankaona mbalame wopatulika. Ku Ulaya, Mosiyana, anagwa chifukwa cha kudya iwo nthawizonse ankachitira ndi kunyansidwa.

bearded munthu

Ichi ndi mbalame ina yaikulu ya Mphamba zovunda. wingspan ndi 260-280 masentimita, ndi kulemera - mpaka makilogalamu 7. Bearded zosavuta kusiyanitsa - yaitali ake apadera mapiko yopapatiza ndi mchira. Kumbuyo ali ndi nthenga imvi, ndi khosi ndi mimba pafupifupi woyera. Pa pansi pa mulomo wa nthenga ochepa wakuda kupanga ndevu mtengo-ngati, amene analandira mbalame dzina lake.

Zisa bearded munthu pakati ndi mkulu malamba phiri miyala zovuta. Awiri chomwecho zitsulo ntchito chaka kuposa wina. Kale mu January kuikira mazira. Mu kusanjika mazira oposa awiri, koma mwana wankhuku limakula zonse yekha. Kale mu June, kuyambira kuuluka mpaka kugwa nkumagwiritsabe pafupi makolo ake.

M'mimba bearded kuchichita mosabvuta ndi kupukusa mafupa a nyama. Zinali iwo amene munapanga zambiri za zakudya zake.

Mbalame zovunda, zomwe chithunzi kudya chakudya si nthawi zonse zosangalatsa, ndi enieni anamwino. Iwo kuyeretsa malo kwa mitembo ya nyama zakufa, chotero kubweretsa phindu lalikulu. Pakali pano, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mbalame, amene amagwirizana ndi kuchepetsa zinthu chakudya, poaching. mitundu kale lero mu mayiko Red Book.