6-m'badwo womenya. Womenya ndege: zithunzi ndi specifications

Air Force - mmodzi wa mabanja waukulu wa Russia asilikali. Chapamwamba zamakono la ndegeyo - muyezo lofunika kwambiri la nkhondowo imapanga ndi Air Force. Ndipo kotero asilikali patsogolo mphamvu dziko - Russia, USA, China - kufunafuna pankhaniyi kukhala sitepe imodzi patsogolo wa dziko. Ndipo chotero sinditsata okha mudzikonzere asilikali ake sovremennymii zitsanzo zida, komanso kuchita chitukuko patsogolo. Kuphatikizapo ndege.

Amene ali pachifuwa cha ambiri maofesi lonse zomangamanga anakhazikitsa 6 m'badwo womenya. Machinery "junior" tithe kale chopangidwa ndi kuwuluka. Iwo anamasulidwa ku Russia ndi ku America, ndiponso malinga ndi malipoti ena, ndi Chinese. Ndipo chifukwa Chofunika ya mpikisano wa makamu mitundu ya Air Force adzakhala akamaliza omenyana pamwambapa. Pamene kuyembekezera maonekedwe a makina amenewa?

I mibadwo 6

Kwenikweni, pamaziko a zimene muyezo, womenya latsopano akhoza zimachitika ndege 6 m'badwo? Pakati waukulu, kuti akatswiri - yoyenda yokha ndege. Ndiko kuti, makina sadzakhala kusamalira anthu ndi kompyuta - basi kapena ndi anzake akumidzi ndi anthu. Komabe, pali akatswiri a ndege, amene kunena kuti kam'badwo womenya 6 akhoza piloted. N'zotheka, akatswiri amavomereza kuti kalasi zatsopano za galimoto lidzakhala lilipo mchaka implementations luso awiri pa nthawi yomweyo.

Pali lomwe liri pafupi aviators American opanda mfundo ndi Russia, nawonso, ndi munthu amene ndege adzakhala lizilamuliridwa ndi munthu. Okonza ku United States, monga momwe chiwerengero cha magwero kuchita masamu potero kupereka omenyana ndi kukana amazipanga mkulu zimamuchulukira, kuyambira Makina adzatha kulimbana iwo popanda vuto. Ku Russia, nawonso, amakonda kukhulupirira kuti palibe kompyuta sangathe ntchito makina pa mlingo anthu. Komabe, pamalo ndege ku Russia ndi anthu ambiri ndi mfundo opanda. Komabe, monga taonera ndi akatswiri ena mu gawo ili la akatswiri Russian ndi penapake wolephera Anzawo Western. Mu kutsimikizira izi ndi mayesero zinalephereka wa zitsanzo atsopano a magalimoto opanda analengedwa la Russia. Ndipo chifukwa 6-m'badwo womenya Russia Akatswiri amanena, ndi ena ayenera kulenga pa maziko a chiphunzitso cha, umene kusamalira anthu pandege.

Mwa mfundo zina zofunika makina zingamuthandize ngati akatswiri kuitana zochuluka otsika mbiri. Mlingo watsopano wa sayansi "chozemba" ndege chimateteza ku kachitidwe mpweya chitetezo si 100%. Komanso, ngati ife kutenga masiku ambiri mpweya chitetezo chida kachitidwe, monga, Mwachitsanzo, Russian S-400, ndi "chozemba" misinkhu apano - si chopinga kwa iwo. Komabe, 6-m'badwo womenya chikuyembekezeka akatswiri tidzatha kusiya mwa ntchito, ngakhale kwambiri zipangizo zambiri zamakono machitidwe mpweya chitetezo likuvutika chozemba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, i pamwamba akhoza yothandizana chitetezo odana ndi mpweya (odana ndi mizinga, decoys, etc.).

Muyeso lotsatira - mlingo yakusatetezeka apamwamba womenya poyerekeza ndi mbadwo wakale wa makina. Ngati tsopano yachangu asilikali ndege zouluka ndi index za 3 Mach, chitukuko 6-m'badwo chikuyembekezeka wakutheker kugonjetsa pakhomo la 5. ikuthamanga kwambiri (popanda kutembenuza pa afterburner adaponya) wa omenyana zatsopano, akatswiri amanena, n'zodziwikiratu kukhala supersonic. Komanso zidzakhala anatha kupeza zambiri mofulumira. Ndithu mwina, ndi ikuthamanga liwiro la womenya m'tsogolo adzakhala ofanana lero afterburning liwiro - Mach 1.5-2. Mmodzi wa Nkosatheka injini ntchito amene anaika pa omenyana ultrafast - dzuwa kwambiri. Zikomo kwa iye, ndegeyo kuwuluka popanda refueling kwa nthawi yaitali, choncho kumapitiriza ndikulondera lalikulu mtunda wachibale wa zapansi awo.

Kuyambira mfundo structural maganizo 6 m'badwo makina, monga akatswiri amakhulupirira, adzakhala ergonomic kwambiri. N'zotheka kuti mapiko, mwachitsanzo, ndi mbali ambiri litapakidwa fuselage lapansi. Pali mwayi, akatswiri amanena kuti omenyana a m'badwo 6 a dziko akhale okonzeka ndi pamalo ofukula mchira. Mwina pa mtima wa kapangidwe ndege ndi lingaliro la "zouluka phiko" (ngati futuristic wooneka B-2, womwenso pa US Air Force).

Mmene adzayang'ana ngati womenya zatsopano? Photography, amene ali m'munsi, angatipatse lathu idzatha.

mwina 6 m'badwo makina adzakhala maneuverability (kuphatikizapo pa chikhalidwe ndege imathamanga kwambiri). Kuchita izi, zitsanzo zonse zili ndi injini ndi cholinga vectoring. ndegeyo ayenera kukhala zovuta akamagwiritsa mu ngodya za madigiri 60. N'chifukwa chiyani khalidwe la ndegeyo, ngati yochepa osiyanasiyana nkhondo mpweya N'kutheka kuti chodziwikiratu? Mfundo yaikulu ya view pa mphambu ichi - maneuverability amalola omenyana kusuntha mu chimango cha otchedwa "zida" kuteteza trajectories. Ndiko kuti, pamene mutu chidwi pa njira ku Sam makinawa akhoza kwambiri Patuka. Anti-ndege mzinga, motero, sangathe kuwerengetsa mchitidwe n'kugwera lonse chizindikiro.

Kodi wina zidzawonjezedwa kwa womenya zatsopano? Tingayembekezere maonekedwe momwemo bwino poyerekeza ndi alipo, limagwirira wa mogwirizana ndi zinthu zakuthambo. Ndipo osati dziko komanso nyanja, malo, kapena ngakhale m'madzi. The womenya bwino mu m'badwo atsopano, akatswiri amanena - ndi amene koposa zonse, azitha mofulumira kuposa ena deta mwatsatanetsatane ndi njira kuchokera pakati lamulo ndi ndege zina, kuti mudziwe ku makina a. Zonsezi adzalola woyendetsa kupita patsogolo pa mdani mu zochita ofunika okhudza bwino nkhondowo ntchito.

Komanso, nthawi zambiri, omenyana asilikali 6 m'badwo akhale okonzeka ndi zida ndi utali wozungulira wokulirapo wa ntchito nkhondowo kuposa lero kulola zitsanzo. Pali lomwe linali chifukwa chuma kuchita mipherezero patali galimoto angathe kupirira kulimbana ndi machitidwe atsopano mpweya chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, zosinthika ndi zidzatheke pofuna kuthana roketi Launch ngakhale pamaso pa makina ounikira detects pachimake zovuta ndege. Mwina makina atsopano akhale okonzeka osati ndi mizinga, amene zimagwiritsa ntchito tsopano, koma makhazikitsidwe laser. Ndipo cholinga osiyana kwambiri: ngati iwo anapangidwa kwa nkhondo wailesi-zamagetsi (disabling avionics mdani) ndi lasers kuti akhoza kugunda mipherezero okha. N'zotheka kuti chida nayonso mu atomu. mivi amenewo, akuyenera kuika makina 6-m'badwo adzauluka Pa mlingo kuti dongosolo mpweya chitetezo sitingapeze kwa iwo "pitiliza."

Kodi yabwino dziko womenya?

Funso lina chidwi. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira - ndi chodziwikiratu kuti munthu kuchokera opanga ndege angalenge moyenera ndi womenya kwambiri mu dziko. Ndi nthawi zisanu ndi m'badwo makina kudzachitika ntchito, mlingo wa luso mwa iwo akuyenera kukhala pafupi zofanana. Za zinthu izi tsopano ndi omenyana m'badwo 5. Russian T-50 ndi US F 22 wonse, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, ndi mphamvu zofanana kwambiri ndi milingo ofanana a sayansi. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti omenyana wa 3 ndi m'badwo 4, opangidwa ku Russia (ndipo izo zisanachitike - mu Soviet Union), zina, akatswiri ambiri ndikukhulupirira, anali ndi mutu wautali kuposa Anzawo American, ndi mosemphanitsa. Ponena za mibadwo 6, akukhulupirira kuti akatswiri, ngakhale ena ndege adzatsogolera Mwachitsanzo, mu liwiro, palibe chitsimikizo kuti zigawo zina (mwachitsanzo, maneuverability), iwo sudzapereka mpikisano wa. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi makina thandizo kuchokera ku nthambi zina za utumiki - danga, chitetezo mpweya, m'nyanja, mu zina ntchito - komanso kuuluka.

Kodi ndifunika Russian ndege mibadwo 6?

The malo akatswiri ndege ndi maganizo 6-m'badwo womenya, ndipo simusowa makamu ano, kuphatikizapo Russian. Mu thandizo lili mitundu iwiri zoyambirira za mfundo. Pa oyamba - machitidwe mpweya chitetezo adzakhala anayamba akadali intensively kuposa njira mapiko. Choncho kwathunthu zosayenera, akatswiri amakhulupirira, kulenga mndandanda wa zinthu zatsopano ndi koposa zonse, zodula kwambiri womenya kamodzi iwo n'kutheka anawomberedwa pansi pa nkhondo.

Mfundo ina - luso yomanga ndege zamakono asilikali, mfundo zafika pamlingo wotere kotero kuti kupanga makina amene adzakhala kwenikweni zambiri mabvuto. Russian makina T-50 American womenya F 22, ndi kuti mwina kale kukonzekera kutuluka kwa Chinese ndege m'badwo 5, mfundo akhale ndi mfundo zokwanira pafupifupi zotheka kupereka ayenera kwa zaka kubwera makamu Akatswiri amanena. Makamaka, ndi chizindikiro monga cholinga ulamuliro vekitala, amene chikuyembekezeka kumanga pa ndege 6-m'badwo, amapezeka pa makina amakono ambiri. Ndipo kuti ndi maneuverability, zimene tinakambirana pamwamba, pali ngakhale ena omenyana m'badwo 4. Osanenapo masiku T-50 F-22. Komanso, kreysersaya liwiro la ndege onse, molingana ndi akatswiri ena, mwina kufika mfundo supersonic.

Patsogolo pa nthawiyo

Pali lomwe zitsanzo panopa womenya anapangidwa kuti ntchitoyo ntchito kwa zaka 50. Izi njira zina zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti ndege ngakhale yapita, m'badwo wa 4, anayamba m'ma 60s bwino kutumikira makamu a ŵa mphamvu asilikali a dziko mpaka tsopano. Phunzitsani makhalidwe awo - womenya liwiro, armament, maneuverability - ndi udindo, akatswiri amanena, kuti mavuto masiku ano. Kwa anthu, makamaka monga magalimoto monga Russian Lamulungu 30 American F 14.

Palinso maganizo ngakhale ndege zina m'badwo 4 akhoza kupikisana ndithu bwinobwino ena zigawo zikuluzikulu zimene zachitika zingamuthandize. Makamaka, anthu akatswiri ena kuwerengera Russian womenya - ndi Lamulungu 35, MiG 29, mu Mabaibulo atsopano. Komanso, makina zosatha (onse 4 ndi 5 m'badwo) nacho, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, angathe wautali kwambiri chifukwa wamakono. Ndipo chifukwa ambiri a ntchito pakati pa iwo amene sanaonerere kukhazikitsa ndege imeneyo, zikhoza "tili m'mavuto" ku zitsanzo za omenyana mbadwo wakale.

Pamene makina atsopano adzakhala?

Pamene padzakhala gulu latsopano la ndege? Akatswiri kuneneratu kuti mayeso ndi mayesero a makina amenewa ndi zotheka pakutha pa zaka 10, Launch kwenikweni kwa 20. Pali buku limene woyamba m'badwo womenya kumangidwa 6 America. Kuwonjezera izo kumathandiza kwenikweni lingamutsatire asilikali bajeti ya USA, nthawi zina kuposa munthu amene ali pa kutaya Russia ndi China, ngakhale ife mwachidule iwo. Komanso, US ali ndi enviable, malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri, angathe sayansi.

Ngakhale, monga taonera ndi akatswiri ena, si onse ku America ali positive. Makamaka, akatswiri ambiri amakonda kunena kapangidwe patsogolo pa US alipo - yemweyo F 22 komanso Zimene F 35 (zomwe, poyamba, osati asanu m'badwo umenewo akhoza kungotchula kutsimikizira kupanda chidwi opanga mu linanena bungwe pa mlingo 6).

Alipo prototypes: American Lingaliro

ndi prototypes makina 6 mibadwo chiyani? Kodi akuyenera kukhala womenya kwambiri mu dziko la kalasi ano?

Kwa iwo, akatswiri ena kuwerengera ntchito F / A-XX, mwakuchita Boeing. Iwo amaganiza kuti adzakhala chotengera ofotokoza womenya chifukwa cha Navy US, zimenezi ntchito zosiyanasiyana utumwi nkhondo. The makina zinachitika anadziwana ndi dziko akatswiri Boeing mu 2008. ndege kapangidwe mbali ndi kuti alibe mchira umodzi, pamene iwo ali pafupifupi onse omenyana ano. Photo zachilendo F / A XX pansipa.

zida mapiko, ngati akatswiri onani, ofanana zinthu zimenezo wa F-22. Mu cockpit la ndege kulonjezedwa mawu a Kamangidwe, pali malo awiri oyendetsa lapansi. Choyamba, ngati akatswiri ndikukhulupirira, kusamalira womenya ndi wachiwiri - kulongosola opanda magalimoto mlengalenga, m'gulu la zida armament. Akatswiri ambiri asokonezeka waukulu ntchito kulemera kwa makina - tonnes 45. Komabe, pali maganizo pa nkhani imeneyi - pa thupi zovuta kungakhale injini wamphamvu kwambiri, potero kuonjezera wonse adaponya-makina. Injini, amene akhoza kuyima pa F / A-XX - mofanana kuti akonzeratu F 35. Amene kamodzinso akutsimikizira kuti ambiri a sayansi lero kale amakwaniritsa kwa mibadwo 6. Zikuyembekezeka kukhazikitsidwa kwa F / A-XX kupanga - pakati pa 2020s lapansi.

Patapita zaka zingapo pulogalamuyo woyamba F / A-XX anthu Boeing wakhala anayambitsa dziko ndi Baibulo kusinthidwa zake 6 m'badwo makina lingaliro. Malinga ndi asilikali a, ndege adzatenge opangidwa chimodzimodzi mu Mabaibulo awiri a sayansi - opanda ndipo kumene kulamulira wagawo adzakhala anthu. Zikuoneka kuti ndegeyo adzatha m'malo omenyana wachinayi m'badwo monga F-18s m'zaka lotsatira.

Boeing Co., azungu ali mfundo ina m'badwo womenya 6. makina FX. Chinali cholinga osati kwakhala yapamadzi, makamaka kwa US Air Force. Zikuoneka kuti ndegeyo lidzaloŵa m'malo F-22. The mwayi waukulu makina amatchedwa kwambiri liwiro.

Amadziwika kuti wina aviagigant American - Lockheed Martin - nayenso anakonza mfundo yake. Komabe, mfundo ya ndege kuchokera olimba izi m'tsogolo pang'ono kwambiri. Pali mwina mudziwe yekha kuti galimoto adzakhala opangidwa ndi Integrated mfundo kuuluka bwino potsatira njira.

Chimereka, monga akatswiri ena malangizo pafupifupi mawu 6-m'badwo womenya kutumidwa. Zolemba zambiri anayembekeza kwa United States - lisanathe 2030s lapansi. Nayenso kukonzanso akonzekeretse asilikali a ku America mukukonzekera kwa zaka 20 pambuyo Launch la ndegeyo kupanga siriyo.

The ndege ku Europe

Pakati pa lodziwika zinachitika 6-m'badwo ndege European - kukula kwa gulu Dassault ubongo. Komabe, zonse pamene akatswiri kudzitama a kampani ino - ndi drone wabwino, analengedwa ndi ntchito ya "chozemba" -technology. Anaonetsedwa dziko mu 2012. Komabe, zomangamanga kupambana kumene akhala akuyendera izo, akatswiri amakhulupirira, akhoza kukhala maziko a makina zonse 6-mibadwo.

Chinese ntchito

Pa nthawi, China opanga ndege likutsiriza womenya mibadwo 5. Ndi za J-20 ndi J-ndege 31. Pakadali pano, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti akatswiri Chinese si kwambiri zinthu za chitukuko yaitali, koma pali umboni wakuti ena chidwi opanga ku China polenga 6 m'badwo makina. Komanso ku Ulaya, okonza Chinese analenga zina zamakono drone, dzina lake Lijian, yodziwika ndi zooneka otsika Rada lapansi. Kuchokera pa zimenezi, akatswiri amanena, adzapeza womenya ndege zikhoza anamanga kwathunthu. N'zotheka kuti izo kumlingo zizigwirizana i m'badwo 6.

Japanese zinachitika

Okonza ku Japan, mogwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha magwero, komanso ali nawo chilengedwe cha zinthu zatsopano kalasi womenya. Akukhulupirira kuti maziko makina kukhala experimental ndege ATD-X. Pali lomwe m'badwo womenya 6 Japanese adzamanga mgwirizano ndi okonza ku United States. Akatswiri kuitana ATD-X makina chitsanzo, amene angakhale maziko kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zapamwamba kwambiri za m'tsogolo. m'badwo womenya 6 kuphatikizapo chitukuko.

Lingaliro Russian

Monga momwe zilili pa sukulu dziko ukachenjede? Kodi pali mwayi kuti posachedwapa pakhala ndi Russian womenya ndege 6 mibadwo? Kodi kudziwika ndi zolinga kumanga makina amenewa ali pa utsogoleri asilikali dziko. Pali zina zimene zikuchitika kampani "kuuma" ndi chinkhoswe umenewu. Komabe, n'zotheka kuyamba masiku a chitukuko analamula ndege otero kupanga koma pang'ono amadziwika. Today, chuma onse kutukula m'dera sadziwa omenyana ena Russian - T-50 wachokera ku m'badwo wa 5, komanso wamakono makina za thupi zitsanzo achikulire. Koma mwa akatswiri pali lomwe linali T-50 atha kutumikira ngati maziko kupanga 6-m'badwo ndege.

Ife tanena kale kuti okonza Russian mukhoza kuyamba kumanga makina zingamuthandize monga opanda potengera ndi luso ofotokoza zokhudza ndege anira anthu. Ngati patsogolo njira woyamba, mtundu makina, "Scat" angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zikuchitika m'munsi analengedwa ndi OKB MiG amusankha. Ntchito zipangizo zamakono, malinga ndi akatswiri, kungakuthandizeni kuonetsetsa kuti Russian womenya ndege 6 m'badwo anaonekera m'tsogolo.

Pa TV pali malipoti kuti zinachitika loyamba 6 m'badwo makina, olengedwa mwa akatswiri ku Russia, adzaoneka mu zaka 10-12. Izi ndiye kuti chinkhoswe mu United ndege Corporation. Iwo amatchuka kuti Russian opanga ndege mwayi kuti akakokoloredwe United States, amene anakonzera kukhazikitsa kalasi lofanana ndege pa 2030s lapansi. Komabe, ngati akatswiri onani, okonza la Chitaganya cha Russia sanasankhebe pa mfundo yeniyeni ya womenya m'tsogolo, popeza kuti chitukuko - funso ndi sayansi oposa Design.