Amalonda aspiring: ndalama yopanga

Aspiring wazamalonda ayenera kuwerengetsa ngati ntchito yake ndi opindulitsa. Mbali imodzi yaikulu ya m'magazini ino - mitengo ya zinthu.

Ndalama zachuma ya zinthu ogwira china chotchedwa mtengo wa kupanga ndi kufalitsa katundu. Iwo anafotokoza mu mawu a ndalama ndi m'nyimbozo ziyenera a misonkhano ntchito ndi likulu ndalama chofunika ntchito yopanga. Kupanga ndalama ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji pa mawerengedwe a mtengo wa ulimi.

Mu mabuku azachuma limafotokoza osiyana mitundu ya ndalama ya zinthu classifications angapo. Tiyeni tione ena mwa iwo.

Leni - anthu ndalama yoyipa mwachindunji pa zochita zachuma. Iwo ankatsutsa ndalama za "pellet" - ndalama zimene zimagwiritsidwa pa milandu inshuwalansi mpumulo ngongole ndi ena kuti sadzabwereranso ku kufalitsidwa.

ndalama zolaula (mtengo mlandu) ali m'kukoma Malawi Mtengo. Atsimikiza mogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsidwa ndi RF Government lamulo pa zikuchokera mitengo ya zinthu ndi malonda mankhwala (kuchokera 05.08.1992 g). Izi zikuphatikizapo ndalama chuma; Zopereka ena; ndalama ntchito, depreciation wa chuma mapulani ndalama zina.

ndalama Entrepreneurial monga, kuwonjezera pa mlandu, ndalama ndalama ku chuma atathana ndi likulu ntchito, malipiro zosiyanasiyana (misonkho, misonkho excise, benefiti pa magawo, kasitomu). Izi akhoza zimachitika ndi mwayi ndalama, ndipo amatchedwa kunawerengedwa.

Ndalama kugwirizana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa wina kuchuluka kwa mankhwala otchedwa chokhala. Kodi Kupeleka pafupifupi - amagwa pa unit wa buku. mtengo mmphepete masamu pa botolo la kusintha buku.

Kupanga ndalama akhoza atathana kapena variable. Zonse palokha kusintha zinthu mafuta, buku la linanena bungwe, etc. ndalama zikuphatikizapo yokonza dera nyumba, ogwira kasamalidwe. ndalama amasintha mosiyanasiyana, Komano, ndi nkhani kusintha malingana ndi mabuku kupanga. Izi zikhoza kukhala mtengo wa kupeza zipangizo, ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ena, etc. Pa nkhani imeneyi, zikupezekabe zonse, kapena okwana ndalama kupanga zinthu zonse ziwiri atathana ndi variable.

Akatswiri kuona kuti Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ndalama pamaziko a amodzi ndi variable ali enieni a zachuma. Njira imeneyi kumatithandiza kudziwa mpikisano wa mabizinezi, kukonza kukula ndalama ndi kuchepetsa imfa ndi zambiri.

Allocated monga ndalama N ryamye kuti mopitirira makamaka mtengo yopanga. Komanso, m'pofunika kuganizira ndi mauthenga ksplutatsionnye ndalama kugwirizana ndi zida, makina, magalimoto, etc.

Choncho, mtengo, anakhudzidwa kwambiri pa chitukuko cha ulimi zambiri m'gulu m'magulu:

a) Zinthu yaikulu chuma (mwachitsanzo, ndalama ntchito);

b) Tikaganizira (m'nkhani ino mawerengedwe - zipangizo, mafuta, mphamvu, kukonza, etc.);

c) mwa njira Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ndalama kuti mitengo ya zinthu (mwachindunji - mozungulira);

g) kwa udindo wake mu mapangidwe mitengo ya zinthu (zikuluzikulu - overheads); d) malingana mlingo wa kusintha linanena bungwe, e) malingana pakutchulidwa nthawi (panopa kapena likudzalo, deferrals).

Yowerengera ndalama za mtengo wa tikamachita zinthu entrepreneurial chofunika kuwerengera mtengo wa katundu. Komanso, kuchepetsa ndalama yopanga ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri kupanga. Pali njira zambiri kuchepetsa, amene ntchito ndi Ngopambana odziwa. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza wazamalonda kuyambira Chioneke zimenezi.