A kumaliseche poweruza kutchinjiriza ndi: ndondomeko yatsoka a kumaliseche tsankho

A kumaliseche tsankho ndi kumaliseche magetsi amenewa amapezeka mu gawo laling'ono la kutchinjiriza kumene magetsi kumunda mphamvu kuposa kusokonezeka mphamvu zakuthupi. Iwo angayambe voids mkati ndi kutchinjiriza olimba pamwamba pa nkhani chimateteza mkati thovu mpweya mu kutchinjiriza madzi.

Zimayambitsa kumaliseche tsankho

Malinga ndi tanthauzo womulera mfundo lonse, umatchedwa tsankho kumaliseche a kumaliseche za magetsi kwanuko Kuthana ndi kutchinjiriza pa gawo osiyana kukonza.

ndondomeko izi zimachitika chifukwa ionization ya mpweya ndi madzi dielectric kapena angayambe pa mawonekedwe a media awiri, ndipo mkati kutchinjiriza ndi. Zikamera ndi kukula zimatengera mtundu wa mbali dielectric ndi structural wa chinthu kudzipatula. kukha poweruza kutchinjiriza ndi zotsatira za kukhalapo kwa inhomogeneities mu kapangidwe ndi makhalidwe dielectric wa voteji kuchitapo kanthu. inhomogeneities wotero zosafunika zosiyanasiyana ndi kuipitsidwa, cavities gasi, moistening nthambi. yopanda chilema anapanga mu kutchinjiriza dongosolo, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha zipolowe za ndondomeko kupanga ake ndi pa ntchito za zida (mchikakamizo cha nkhawa makina, kupsyinjika, kugwedera).

Kodi treeing ndi dongosolo lomenyera nkhani chimateteza

The chimateteza zakuthupi pano pali anapanga dongosolo M'mimbamo mtengo - treeing. nthambi kukhala treeing tsankho kukha. Mchikakamizo cha magetsi kumunda ndi kukha treeing kuwonjezeka kukula ndi kuchuluka, potero utithandize digiri ya kuwononga zinthu polymeric. The dendrites ndi kuchuluka madutsidwe ndi kutsogolera ku chiwonongeko pang'onopang'ono kwa dielectric lapansi.

Popeza pakutchulidwa a kumaliseche tsankho mu sing'anga gaseous kumafuna voteji poyerekeza ndi kuchita chimodzimodzi pa nkhani madzi kapena olimba yachilendo, pamaso pa yopanda chilema mu kutchinjiriza ungakhale chifukwa ambiri N'kuthekanso kuti isanayambike wovulala nkhaniyo. Izi zimachititsa kuchokera mu M'mimbamo, ndi gasi odzazidwa magetsi kumunda mphamvu kuposa mu gawo olimba kapena madzi ndi dielectric mphamvu mpweya sing'anga ali ndi mtengo wotsika kuposa ena kutchinjiriza nusu.

mitundu treeing

Magetsi treeing chiyambi anapanga pa kukhudzana AC zimachitika voteji, komanso mfundo za kwambiri. Ntchito mfundo izi ndi zida alibe chifukwa kusokonezeka atangochimwa kutchinjiriza, koma kungakhale ionization mpweya mu monyanyira lapansi. Ngati kapangidwe ka zinthu si mokwanira lalikulu kukula kwa cavities a, dendrites akhoza kukula nthawi ndi nthawi.

Pamaso pa thovu la kuchuluka kukula kumabweretsa kukha tsankho pa ntchito ya chingwe pa voteji oveteredwa.

Madzi treeing anapanga anakumana ndi chinyezi mkati kutchinjiriza ndi mayamwidwe kudzera kapena microcracks m'nkhaniyo.

Ngati chinyezi condensation ku inclusions ndi, dendrites anapanga, kenako iwo anayamba mapangidwe mofulumira ndi kukula chifukwa maonekedwe a voids zina. Zimenezi zimabweretsa kuchepa mphamvu dielectric ndi opulukira pachingwecho.

The zifukwa chachikulu kuwononga kudzipatula monga onse ukalamba magetsi chifukwa kukha tsankho kunachitika inclusions overvoltage mu mwadzina mode opaleshoni, ndi matenthedwe kukalamba nkhaniyo.

Mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko tsankho kumaliseche akuyamba kutchinjiriza kulephera, kukula kwa zinkakhala m'dera ukuwonjezeka.

Zinthu pakutchulidwa a kukha tsankho zimadalira mawonekedwe a mu atomu dongosolo munda zokutira zitsulo ndi katundu magetsi nkhani makamaka pachimake.

kukha tsankho amayamba kuyambitsa kudzera kutchinjiriza oipa, koma chifukwa kusintha kapangidwe dielectric, ndi kwa dongosolo mokwanira yaitali opaleshoni zikhoza kuwonongedwa mwa kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza. maonekedwe awo nthawi zonse zimasonyeza wa inhomogeneities m'dera dielectric. Features PD zabwino mokwanira kulola ife kuweruza mlingo wa kupanda ungwiro kwa kapangidwe ndi zokutira zitsulo.

Kuopsa kwambiri iwoŵa zipangizo kuti AC ndi zimachitika voteji.

zochitika thupi wotsagana ndi kukha tsankho kwayekha

Kutenthedwa kumam'phunzitsa munthu kutchinjiriza imathandizira kwe ndi kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha mfundo imene pali zopindika latsopano zikubweretsa ndi kuchuluka ndi buku la dendrites. Zimenezi zimabweretsa kumaonjezera mavuto m'dera la m'munda.

The tsankho kumaliseche magetsi ali pa ikukhudzana kutchinjiriza tingati ndi kuwononga particles ake mlandu mankhwala mankhwala yogwira anapanga chifukwa cha kumaliseche.

Komanso, kumaliseche tsankho amachititsa pakutchulidwa chilengedwe pulsed ya mafunde analengedwa ndi iwo mu mitsinje. Mu Kutha kwa zonse izi ife limodzi ndi cheza atomu, mafunde mantha, Kunawala ndi azingokhala kutchinjiriza pa mlingo maselo.

kukha Tsankho ndi chikuchititsa mavuto a kuwonongeka kwa zipangizo mkulu voteji. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti maonekedwe a kukha tsankho ndi siteji koyamba za chitukuko kwambiri ziwonongeke mu kutchinjiriza mkulu-voteji.

Chifukwa cha njira izi, zinthu pakutchulidwa wa kutchinjiriza kusokonezeka.

siteji kumaliseche

Pamene choposa wina pakhomo voteji anapereka kwa zokutira zitsulo zinthu zenizeni mu izo zikhoza kuyamba PDs kuti si yomweyo atsogolere kufukiza-kudzipatula Koma ovomerezeka ndithu. Iwo amatchedwa - koyamba.

Komanso kuukitsa voteji, kuwonjezera kukula ndipo chiwerengero cha inclusions, mwa treeing pa ntchito yopitirira ya zida, zikubweretsa kuwonjezeka zakuthwa kumaliseche ndi tsankho. maonekedwe awo kwambiri amachepetsa alumali moyo wa kudzipatula ndi kungachititse kuti kusokonezeka ake. Akamva zimenezi zimatchedwa yovuta.

Mmene Akamva mu kapangidwe ka zipangizo

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu structural wa tiransifoma ndi makina magetsi ndi kutchinjiriza wa windings wa. Izo mosalekeza poyera kuti zinthu zowononga monga: zotsatira matenthedwe chifukwa yaitali mafunde kutayikira; akututuma katundu chifukwa ntchito yoyang'anira dera maginito (thiransifoma) ndi limagwirira pagalimoto (galimoto magetsi); zotsatira za nthenda inrush panopa ndi mafunde dera yochepa.

Mfundo zonsezi kutsogolera kuwononga kwa kutchinjiriza ndi tsankho kumaliseche chiyambi. Magalimoto magetsi ndi chifukwa ambiri kulephera, ndipo ali pamalo chachiwiri pambuyo kulowa thiransifoma kulephera kuonongeka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kutchinjiriza kumulowetsa.

Chimene chimafuna muyeso wa kukha

Muyeso wa njira zikuchitika pa zosayembekezereka ya kukha tsankho m'pofunika kuletsa kutchinjiriza kusokonezeka ndi kuchepa pazipita mu mwamphamvu mu zipangizo chimateteza.

Chifukwa ntchito XLPE zingwe mphamvu nyumba, magetsi zipangizo mphamvu, mkulu-voteji tiransifoma, mizere pamutu, muyenera zonse kulamulira PD, zokhudza chitetezo cha ntchito zawo.

Kupewa kutchinjiriza kusokonezeka ndi njira mayeso

M'pofunika kuyendera dziko la nkhani chimateteza pa ntchito kuti azindikire ndi fupa lothyoka kukhala ndi kuteteza zolephera mwangozi chifukwa cha kukha tsankho pa zida.

Kuugwira chiwerengero cha kupunduka mu kutchinjiriza zida mkulu voteji, pali:

• Mkulu voteji mayeso ofanana kukula kuchuluka kwake zotheka pa ntchito. M'pofunika kudziwa dielectric mphamvu mfundo pamene chosakhalitsa kuwonjezeka voteji.
• Non-zowononga njira chiyeso kudziwa nthawi yokumba wake wa gwero la.

Izi zimathandiza kuti agwire diagnostics zolondola pa zida amayesetsa popanda kuonetsa luso la utumiki, choncho, osati zomvetsa zachuma.

Alipo PD njira yodziwira angazindikire chilema magawo oyambirira a chitukuko ndipo motero, kupewa kukonza zodula kapena m'malo zida wolakwika.

Ena njira kulola localize m'dera chilema, ndipo adzakhala nkhani kukonza yekha mbali kuonongeka kwa kutchinjiriza ndi.

Pamene mkulu voteji zida mayesero, ndi kutchinjiriza khalidwe chatsitsa chifukwa mmene maganizo choposa kangapo mfundo opaleshoni.

Matenda njira kupeza kumaliseche tsankho athe molondola kwambiri ganizilani kuchuluka kwa zida yotsalira operability popanda wakulimbira zochita zowononga pa kutchinjiriza wa. Matenda a PD pa ntchito zovuta chifukwa zambiri padziko mayeso chinthu ndi zipangizo zina zomwe ndi gwero la kusokonezedwa. zizindikiro sangakhale osiyana mu magawo a kufunika chizindikiro chinthu monga akhale kwambiri tsankho kukha.

Choncho, chifukwa kulekanitsa n'kusokoneza zizindikiro ndi anayeza tsankho kumaliseche, afunika choyamba kuyeza kusokonezedwa chizindikiro alibe mphamvu pa mayeso chinthu, ndipo kenako kubereka muyeso pa iyo ntchito.

Pankhaniyi zizindikiro ulembedwa kuchuluka kwa kumaliseche tsankho ndi maziko.

Kusiyana pakati pa zotsatira za miyezo izi kusonyeza tsankho mtengo kumaliseche chizindikiro.

Khalidwe analandira walola kuti asa- chikhalidwe vuto ndi kumaliseche yokha.

Tsankho kumaliseche njira si kuwononga kutchinjiriza ndi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa zilibe ntchito voteji apamwamba, zikuwononga moyo ndi kutchinjiriza mu ndondomeko yotsimikiza.

Zamagetsi njira kumaliseche

njira liyenela pamaso pa kukhudzana kuyeza zipangizo ndi kutchinjiriza.

Timatha kuthandauza ambiri makhalidwe tsankho kumaliseche.

Izi ndi zolondola koposa zonse njira kuyeza kukha tsankho.

Lamayimbidwe kudziwika njira

Njira imeneyi zinachokera pa ntchito maikolofoni wolandira chizindikiro zokuzira mawu opaleshoni.

Masensa anaika mu switchgear zovuta zina zida mphamvu ndi ntchito chosonyeza.

Sangathe: tsankho kukha zedi ang'onoang'ono si lokhazikika.

Mu atomu kapena akumidzi njira

Kudziwika kumaliseche tsankho ntchito njira mafurikwense mayikirowevu ndi njira zophweka ndipo imayenera. Chifukwa chaichi mlongoti chipangizo directivity.

The sangathe njira - kulephera kuyeza mfundo za Akamva.

Kulunjika kwa kukha mu tiransifoma

Wamphamvu mphamvu tiransifoma ndi zidutswa za grids, ndipo akukhala pafupi zida mkulu voteji amene, kukha tsankho amene angathe kukhala. Chizindikiro kwa njira zosiyanasiyana kufika pa thiransifoma ankalamulira.

Ngati olumikizidwa kwa mizere thiransifoma pamwamba poyera Mphezi, ndi chizindikiro kwa iwo ulembedwa mu muyeso wa makhalidwe a kumaliseche tsankho mu kutchinjiriza thiransifoma.

Pamene kupeza thiransifoma substation poyera, mbali ake akunja conductive nthawi, malinga ndi kutentha, chinyezi komanso zinthu zina, kukha kuŵala kwa m'mlengalenga zimachitika.

Kusintha katundu ndi kukhalapo kwa tiransifoma zipangizo zonse magawo awo pa ntchito Mwachitsanzo, zipangizo malamulo katundu ntchito zimavulaza kusintha makhalidwe tsankho kumaliseche, zomwe mwina kucepesa kapena kuonjezera.

Mfundo zonsezi kutsogolera chakuti ambiri mwa miyezo pa tiransifoma akhoza kuonetsa olakwika chithunzi cha mkhalidwe wa kutchinjiriza ndi.

The kuwerenga achokera mayeso thiransifoma adzakhala alipo nyemba phokoso la zipangizo yapafupi.

Zikatero m'pofunika ntchito molondola chikufanana muyeso njira kuthetsa chikoka cha phokoso pa deta akamagwira kukha poweruza tiransifoma.