Africa North: Algeria. Mchere, malo achilengedwe, mitsinje yaikulu

ndi mbali achilengedwe a dziko North America chiyani? Ali Algeria? Mchere, mitsinje chachikulu, chikhalidwe cha mtunda - zonsezi ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi. Komanso, muphunzira za zisanu ndi ziwiri mfundo chodabwitsa kuti kupanga dziko lino wapadera, osati ngati anthu ena.

Africa North: Algeria

Kwa Africa North, malinga ndi gulu UN, ali limati zisanu ndi ziwiri. Pakati pawo Algeria - dziko waukulu kukula kwa "wakuda kontinenti". A mbali yaikulu m'gawo lake - ndi pafupifupi opanda moyo expanses kwa chipululu cha Sahara. Kumpoto kwa dziko ali ndi kubwereketsa lonse nyanja ya Mediterranean. Capital a boma ndi mzinda wa dzina chomwecho - Algeria.

Mu malamulo a m'dzikoli ndi Republic, imene mphamvu lagawidwa pakati pulezidenti ndi yamalamulo. Komabe mphamvu angapo a akadali pulezidenti, chifukwa iye ali ndi ufulu woika gawo limodzi la Senate zikuchokera (chimodzi cha zipinda ziwiri yamalamulo).

Administration la Algeria chidwi kwambiri magawano. dziko lagawidwa 48 otchedwa zigawo. Ndipo madera a kum'mwera kwa kwambiri zikuluzikulu m'dera kuposa North. Mwachitsanzo, mu dera la Wilaya wa Adrar mosavuta akomere osachepera awiri khumi a zigawo kumpoto kwa dzikolo.

ndi zazikulu mbali chilengedwe cha Algeria chiyani? Tikambirana mu zigawo izi kwa nkhani ino.

Geological kapangidwe ndi mpumulo

Mwa dziko lino azikhala nyumba ziwiri Geological:

• nsanja Saharan (Precambrian);
• Atlas apangidwe (linakhazikitsidwa mu phiri mapangidwe lothandiza Alpine).

M'madera ena a mkati mwa dziko ili pansi pa nyanja. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zosangalatsa wogwidwa ndi Algeria. Mchere ncho mu dziko lino, madipoziti awo ukudalira kapangidwe miyala ya m'deralo.

Pafupifupi 80% ya dziko ali wotanganidwa ndi Sahara - m'chipululu yaikulu pa dziko. Makamaka Algeria thandizo kwenikweni: pafupifupi gawo mosabisa za dziko ndizo miyala ndi mchenga mitandadza angapo (ergs). Mu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa Sahara chipululu bwino mu Ahaggar okwera, mkati ndilo chimbuzi ku dziko - phiri Tahat (kutalika mtheradi mamita 2906). Pa kumpoto kwambiri kwa Algeria anatambasula zitunda - Tel-Atlas ndi Atlas Saharan. Amawapatula ndi yachonde anamuukitsa, mowolowa manja kudula ndi maphompho kwambiri ndi m'mapanga wokongola.

Monga maiko ena onse a Africa North, Algeria ali ndi kubwereketsa lonse nyanja ya Mediterranean. The utali wonse wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya dziko pafupifupi 1,000 makilomita.

Algeria mchere ndi nkhokwe zawo

Malinga ndi nkhokwe ambiri chuma mchere dziko akhoza bwinobwino kuika maiko asanu pamwamba mu Africa. Grounds Algeria wolemera mchere monga mafuta ndi gasi, phosphates, chitsulo miyala, manganese miyala, Mercury, kutsogolera ndi nthaka. Bituminous khala zambiri migodi m'madera Bechara ndi Ksiksu.

minda zofunika mafuta ndi gasi zili m'madera a Hassi R'Mel mpweya kumunda, Hassi Messaoud, Edzhel, Berkin, komanso Illizi Valley. Kufukulidwa nkhokwe ya mafuta mu Algeria, amanenera akatswiri pa migolo 12 biliyoni.

chuma Algeria ndi kwakukulukulu zybletsya pa revenues anachokera ku wolowa wake mphamvu. Atagwa mitengo mafuta lonse zaposachedwapa, boma wakhala akukumana ndi chiwerengero cha mavuto a zachuma cha dongosolo. Choncho, 2015 kasamalidwe dziko anaganiza kuonjezera mabuku a mafuta ndi gasi kupanga.

mbali nyengo

The nyengo Algeria n'chosiyana kwambiri kum'mwera ndi kumpoto mbali ya dziko. Choncho, kumpoto ndi subtropical Mediterranean mtundu, ndi pakati ndi kumwera - otentha m'chipululu.

Algeria yozizira ndi osiyana kwambiri, malingana ndi malo enieni. Pa gombe, ndi ofunda kwambiri, ndi mvula zambiri. Kutentha pano ngakhale mu January zambiri ukufika madigiri +12 ... + 15. M'mapiri, ozizira yozizira pali zambiri chipale aumbike. M'chilimwe Algeria ndi otentha kwambiri ndi youma, kaya derali. Mu Sahara diurnal kutentha matalikidwe akhoza kufika madigiri makumi awiri!

kwambiri, pali kusiyana kwambiri mlingo wa hydration m'madera osiyanasiyana Algeria. Choncho, m'madera chipululu cha Sahara m'chaka amalandira millimeters 20-50 okha a mvula, ndi Atlas Mountains - mpaka 1000-1200 mm.

chuma madzi dzikoli

Pafupifupi mitsinje ikuluikulu ya Algeria ndi mawonekedwe kanthawi ephemeral mitsinje, amene ali odzazidwa ndi madzi okha nthawi ya mvula. Am'deralo kuwatcha vedami. Mtsinje kumpoto kwa dzikolo, kutuluka kuchokera kumapiri, olemera kwambiri. Koma pakati ndi kumwera kwa madzi onse zambiri "kusochera" mu michenga lalikulu la Sahara.

Ambiri Algeria nyanja Nthawi zambiri youma. Choncho beseni awo akhoza ataphimbidwa ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza a mchere. Kodi pafupi-pamwamba nthaka madzi ali oyenera madzi anapanga.

Algeria ndi mtsinje waukulu - Sheliff - ali kutalika makilomita 700. Monga izo zikuwoneka, mukhoza kuwona chithunzi pansipa.

The mtsinje zimachokera ku mapiri a Atlas Saharan kufika yachonde Thuile ndi kumenya madzi ake matope mu Nyanja Mediterranean. Mu malire m'munsi Sheliff umayenda mu chigwa kwambiri ndi wokongola. Pa mtsinje ndi m'mizinda ikuluikulu Algeria - Chlef Province, Ain Defla, Hemis Millan. Mu mtsinje chigwa Sheliffa mwachangu kukhala ulimi, pali mwakula thonje, mpesa ndi zipatso.

The nyama ndi zomera la Algeria

Geography a Algeria - izo si mpumulo, mchere, nyengo ndi madzi matupi. Zofunika phunziro la dziko ndi zomera ndi zinyama zake.

malo achilengedwe a Algeria ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake. m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja dziko, komanso otsetsereka a kumpoto kwa Atlas wotanganidwa dera la nkhalango yobiriwira ndi wokolopa. Mbali zimenezi kulandira chinyezi chokwanira ndi kutentha. Choncho, iwo ankaganiza anthu ambiri a boma.

Kumpoto kwa Algeria kukula nkhalango holm ndi Nkhata Bay thundu ndi kusakanizikana wa paini, mkungudza ndi yofanana ndi mkungudza. Zimapezeka nguluwe, hares, komanso nyama zosowa - anyani.

Mu kum'mwera ndi chapakati mbali ya malo zachilengedwe Algeria ukasintha ena. gawo ili wotanganidwa ndi malo otentha m'chipululu. The zomera apa, ndithudi, osauka kwambiri n'kupereka nthula ochepa ndi ephemera. Mu Sahara angapezeke loopsa chilombo cheetah, komanso nyama zina - hyena, mimbulu, insa, agwape. M'chipululu cha Algeria, ambiri yaing'ono makoswe, njoka ndi mbalame zodya nyama zimapezeka zinkhanira ndi phalanges.

Natural kukongola ndi zokopa za dziko

Mmodzi wa chachikulu zachilengedwe zokopa za Algeria ndi Mediterranean! Ndi bwino kusangalala malo ake otsegula m'misewu ya umodzi mwa mizinda yakalekale mu kugombe la kumpoto kwa dziko.

Akapita ku Algeria onetsetsani kuti kukaona malo okwera Tassili n'Ajjer, amene amakhala ndi maonekedwe zachilendo. Mothandizidwa "weathering" Nature walenga pano mizati ndi ovuta wokongola kwambiri. Ndi Tassili n'Ajjer yachonde ndi dziko lonse yokumba phanga, makoma a zimene mungathe kuona kanjedza lachinsinsi la anthu wosazindikira.

Wina wotchuka kwambiri zachilengedwe chinthu Algeria - gwero la Hammam Meskutin. madzi kutenthetsa 98 madigiri Celsius. Am'deralo motsimikiza kuti akhoza kuchiza mwamtheradi matenda munthu aliyense.

Chidwi "Góra" Park National ili kumpoto kwa dziko, pafupi ndi tauni ya Sidi Touati. Mu 80s izo anaphatikizidwa UNESCO mndandanda wa nkhokwe biosphere. Pakati pa Malo otetezedwa ndi eponymous phiri Góra, m'mbali mwa amene ali kunyumba kwa mitundu zayamba anyani - Barbary Macaque.

makhalidwe chikhalidwe Algeria

Pa mtima chikhalidwe Algeria ndi mbali ya chikhalidwe Arab, omwe wodzilemekeza m'njira chifukwa ndi kukopa Turkey ndi French. Anthu ambiri a dziko lino kulankhula Chiarabu (kapena kani, chilankhulo wake Algeria). M'mizinda ikuluikulu, anthu komanso zabwino kudziwa French.

Ambiri Muslim Algeria, pang'ono kufala Chikhristu, ndi Chiyuda.

olemba Local ndi ndakatulo kulemba mu zilankhulo zitatu - Arabic, French ndi Kabyle. Literature chinayamba mu Algeria kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVI. The kutsogolera kwa chitukuko ichi chinali chokhumba cha ku Algeria ufulu. Mwa olemba mabuku ayenera allocated novelist Yasmina Khadra, amene Kunena asankha kuti mayiko IMPAC Dublin zolembalemba linapereka.

7 zodabwitsa mfundo za dziko

Pomaliza, timapereka inu asanu ndi zachilendo ndi zosangalatsa za dziko:

• Algeria sindimakonda kujambulidwa. Powona kamera, iwo amakhala kupatutsa zikuchepa.
• Pa manda kuno kulemba deti la imfa ndi dzina la wakufayo.
• Algeria - dziko African kokha kumene akazi kusalidwa ndi oponderezedwa.
• Izi dziko umakhala osiyanasiyana malinga nyengo. Choncho, chilimwe ndi mpweya kutenthetsa kwa madigiri 50, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira m'mizinda ina zambiri chisanu.
• Mphamvu ya Western (makamaka American) chikhalidwe Algeria ndi laling'ono kwambiri. Inu simungakhoze momasuka kugula madola m'mizinda satsatira alipidwa "McDonalds" ndipo koka-Cola si otchuka.
• Mu dziko lino, pali nyanja wodzazidwa ndi inki zachilengedwe akhoza kulemba.
• Yapansi wa Algiers udaikidwa ndi kumangidwa ndi akatswiri Soviet.

pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe ndi wapadera kwa Algeria. chuma mchere kuti zikukangalika ncho pano - chitsulo ichi ndi manganese miyala, gasi, mankwala thanthwe. Olemera Algeria dziko ndi miyala ya "golide wakuda".

Makamaka Algeria thandizo omveka bwino. Choncho, 80% ya gawo lawo kulamulidwa ndi Sahara. Mu kumpoto, umapita ku mapiri a Atlas. Koma pa Mzere yopapatiza wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya (kutali) ndi kunyumba oposa 90% ya chonse cha anthu a Algeria.