Alexander G. Kushelov-Bezborodko: mbiri ya moyo. Nyumbayi Kushelova-Bezborodko

Lililonse la Nyumbayi Kushelev-Bezborodko ali Sverdlovskaya Embankment ku St. Petersburg. Kudutsa Neva Mtsinje, ili Smolny Akatolika. M'midzi ndi Manor nyumba ali ndi mbiri olemera ndi chidwi.

zing'onozing'ono nkhani

Kawirikawiri munthu Russia kunena chinachake labambo Kushelev-Bezborodko. Koma nyumba munda Zithunzi, amene panopa mumzinda wa St. Petersburg ndi lomwe lili dzina lomwe ambiri.

Popeza amadziwika kuti malowa pamaso kumanga mzinda anthu. Map wa XVII m'ma Manor nyumba kumene inu mukhoza kuwona Swedish commandant Nienschanz. Malinga ndi nthano, izo unachitikira mwa dongosolo la una wa mobisa kwa mtsinje Neva. Lili Swedish tawuni Nien.

Kamodzi m'dera anali atabwerera ku Russia, ndipo anamanga ndi St. Petersburg Nyumbayi ndi ozungulira m'madera izo kupatsidwa ndi Peter Ine ndi mkazi wake Catherine. Masiku amenewo, Suli kutali Manor anali Cossack minda, pa iwo anali anapeza zachilengedwe a madzi mchere, amene mawu a Mfumu Peter Ine, lechivshegosya izo, si otsika ku Belgium. Magwero anabweretsa kutchuka malo awa.

Mwamuna woyamba Manor ndi

Patapita nthawi, ofesi kulamulira madera anapereka pofuna kugula kumbuyo malo pamodzi ndi Cossack minda. Iye akufuna atamva milandu G. N. Teplov, amene anali kudwala ndipo anabwerera kwawo mankhwala kunja pa madzi. Land Kupeza mpata kuchitiridwa pafupi ndi nyumba. Kuti pa iwo mu nthawi yathu ndi nyumba kudziwika monga Palace Kushelev-Bezborodko ku St. Petersburg.

G. N. Teplov asezare m'mudzi wapafupi wa wamba anaitana ake ndi malo Polustrovo. Dzina anapatsidwa mwangozi, kuyambira m'dera chigawo anali chinyontho, ndi mawu akuti "squishy" ikumasuliridwa Latin wakewu palustris.

Atamva milandu anachita makonzedwe a chuma. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, anauza wotchuka wamanga V. Bazhenov. Motsogozedwa wake, linadzamangidwanso kalembedwe Gothic. Malinga ndi nthano, wazomangamanga anabwezeretsa zofunikira mobisa, yemwe ankapita ku Neva. Komanso, gulu loyimba inkakhala greenhouses malo kukula maluwa zomera, mitengo ya zipatso, fodya ndi masamba.

Polustrovo ndi mwini wake watsopano

Mu 1782, G. N. Teplov anamwalira, ndipo mwana wake anagulitsa Polyustrovo Russian Chancellor A. A. Bezborodko. Iye patapita chaka, anaitanidwa wotchuka wamanga Quarenghi ya kukhazikitsanso munda, umene uli mu uthunthu wotembenuka wafika masiku athu ndi chikudziwika ngati Nyumbayi Kushelev-Bezborodko. Koma mawu awa lero pa maganizo, monga pali umboni kunena kuti kukonzanso kwa munda, mwina kutsogozedwa ndi wotchuka wamanga wa Lviv. Wina wotchuka mpanda ndi mikango anapanga Russian mapulani.

Amadziwika kuti Kvarengi sanawononge alipo Manor nyumba, ndi kokha ankamangidwanso izo, kupereka tione chosiyana. The wamanga nawo ntchito yomanga malo ambiri wakunja kwatawuni, koma nthawi yathu anafika ena a iwo, kuphatikizapo munthu.

A. A. Bezborodko anali wopanda mwana, ndipo atamwalira, chuma tinatengera ndi mwana, mwana wa m'bale wake - KI Mfumukazi Lobanov-Rostovsky, kuphunzitsa mphwake A. G. Kusheleva chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa ankavala hyphenated dzina Kulesza-Bezborodko kaphatikizidwe mayina a bambo ndi mayi.

Izo zinawoneka ngati ankamangidwanso Palace

Pambuyo kumanganso mtundu wakale Gothic anali atapita. The Nyumbayi anakhala kuwala ndi wachisomo. Kapangidwe ka malo panali nyumba zazikulu, zimene mbali adagawana semicircular poyera tambirimbiri. Pomanga nyumba zigawo Kvarengi ntchito njira ntchito yomanga Italy nyumba dziko ndi tambirimbiri lotseguka, amene zouma udzu.

Mu nyengo chinyezi likulu kumpoto kwa cholinga ichi sanathe ntchito. Choncho, m'tsogolo, iwo anali ankamangidwanso nakhala chatsekedwa. Mozungulira nyumba yachifumu, zinalengedwa ndi Quarenghi, izo anaika m'munda English wamasiku munda anamanga maofesi yapamwamba.

Zokongoletsa anali yokumba bwinja polenga ndalama chenicheni yakale yoyendera ankagwiritsa ntchito. nyumba sikuti zinasungidwa, koma nyumba yaikulu ya Manor gulu loyimba, wokwatibwa ndi agogo ake pambuyo pa imfa ya bambo ake ndipo anakhala Alexander G. Kushelev-Bezborodko wafika masiku athu.

The wapakamwa wa nyumbayi ayang'anizana Neva. Kukhonde ake chokongoletsedwa ndi mizati ndi matabwa nawo mawonekedwe triangular. Gawo ku Neva lathuli zachilendo mpanda, imene inali kanjedza mwala mikango makumi awiri ndi anayi akugwira mano unyolo.

Graf AG Kushelev-Bezborodko

Ine maphunziro kwambiri. Atayendetsa mayeso pa University Moscow analandira digiri ya sayansi chikumbumtima ndi ndale, iye limodzi monga Kollezhsky mlangizi. atate wake ogwidwawo iye ulendo kunja, kumene udindo wake anali kukhala pansi Chancellor Russia pa Congress wa Vienna. ofesi wake si ntchito, ndipo iye anali kuyenda mu Europe.

Patapita chaka anabwerera Russia. Apa iye anali kukonda chinthu chimodzi. M'bale agogo ake akuchikazi, ndi Chancellor Russia A. A. Bezborodko anatisiyira mwayi pa chipangizo zolimbitsa thupi la Sciences Apamwamba mu Nizhyn. Mfundo imeneyi ndi IA Bezborodko Werengerani agogo, amene anafa popanda kuganizira bwinobwino. Iwo anasankha kuthetsa Alexander G. Kushelev-Bezborodko. Mu 1820, sukulu unakhazikitsidwa. Tsopano Nezhinskii University.

Mwini lomaliza - Werengani GA Kushelev-Bezborodko

Grigoriy Aleksandrovich anali wolandira chuma chachikulu cha makolo awo ndipo Kushelev Bezborodko. Iye anali wophunzira komanso aluso. Koma ngakhale kuti bambo wake analeredwa austerity ndi rigor, iye ndi unyamata anayamba kukhala moyo kuthengo mu bwalo la wachinyamata wolemera ana a mabanja wotchuka. Izi kwakhudza thanzi lake, ndi zaka 25 iye anali kwadzaoneni kudwala.

History Zithunzi Kushelev-Bezborodko mwini lomaliza la chuma mu Polyustrovo chisoni. Kukhala ndi luso pochitika mabuku ndi odziwika wofuna kuthandiza, zopindula, iye anali ndi khalidwe ofooka ndi malleable. Werengerani Kushelev-Bezborodko ankayenda mu Europe, monga iye analemba mu Maulendo Ake apaulendo. Iye anakopeka ndi anthu olemba ndi atolankhani, ambiri a iwo anali, kuziyika izo modekha, munthu padera.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, njira kuti mu kuwala kwa anthu apamwamba Iye anali ndi kubadwila chinatsekedwa. Cottage Kushelev mu Polyustrovo, malinga ndi Maulendo a Russian wolemba nkhanza za m'banja Grigorovich, anali pamaso zachilendo - osati nyumbayi yokha, koma chimene chinkachitika mwake.

Osawerengeka pang'ono odziwika anthu, achibale ndi ena Russian ndi achilendo chisokonezo, wopangidwa mwa atolankhani yaing'ono, osewera, osiyanasiyana scoundrels, nthawi zambiri akazi awo, ana, akutiakuti, kumeneko, kudya, kumwa, anasangalala oyeretsa ducal. Nyumbayi inali ngati caravanserai a. Aliyense anachita chilichonse chimene akufuna ntchito kufooka ndi soreness wa asilikali. Mpaka masiku ake otsiriza.

Maecenas, wofuna kuthandiza ndi wolemba

GA-Kushelev Bezborodko anakhalabe kukumbukira mbiri monga woyang'anira, wofuna kuthandiza, wofalitsa, wolemba. Ndi sachita zinatuluka ndakatulo A. N. Maykova, anafalitsa m'chigawo choyamba ntchito ndi wamkulu Russian Wolemba wina A. N. Ostrovskogo ndi ena. Pambuyo London chikondi ndi A. I. Gertsenom, anapanga chidwi chopereka ndalama ku thumba kukhazikitsa kuthandiza osamuka achinyamata ndi chikudziwika ngati "Fund General".

Grigoriy Aleksandrovich analemba nkhani yochepa, essays ndi zolemba kuyenda lofalitsidwa kenaka ziwiri buku anasonkhana ntchito. Atalemba pansi pa pseudonym Gritsko Grigorenko m'magazini zosiyanasiyana.

Ngakhale pa moyo wa bambo ake, mu 1850, GA-Kushelev Bezborodko ankakhala dacha ake Polyustrovo chilimwe. Iye anakhala AK Tolstoy, nkhanza za m'banja Grigorovich, AV Pisemsky. Unachitikira zolembalemba madzulo. Pa pempho lake, mu 1858 dziko anachezeredwa ndi Alexandre Dumas, amene ankathandiza ku Paris.

The Scion lotsiriza la mtundu olemera, werengani Kushelev-Bezborodko Grigory Alexandrovich, iye anamwalira ali ndi zaka 38. Izi zinachitika mu 1870.

achisangalalo Polyustrovo

Pa chiyambi cha XIX atumwi Manor swampland Kushelev-Bezborodko anali chatsanulidwa, m'malo magwero anali mokhomerera zitsime zatsopano za madzi mchere ndi achisangalalo yaing'ono bungwe malo osambira. Mu madera ake anapatsidwa mbali ya paki Manor. Iwo wakhalapo kwa pafupi zaka makumi asanu.

Mu 1868, zaka ziwiri imfa ya Chiwerengero otsiriza, moto waukulu ku achisangalalo wa inawonongedwa ndi mbali ya paki. Kubwezeretsa sanali. magwero wosuta, kampani wakhala yoyendetsa migodi amene anakonza kupanga bottling, carbonation ndi kugulitsa madzi mchere wotchedwa "Madzi Polyustrovsky magwero."

Tsoka zina za malo

Polustrovo gawo pang'onopang'ono inasanduka mabusa ntchito kalasi ya St. Petersburg. Cottage, amene anali Kushelev-Bezborodko, chinaperekedwa kwa Elizabeth am'deramo za Alongo a chikondano, linakhazikitsidwa ndi mlongo wa Mfumukazi, Duchess Elizavetoy Fodorovnoy. Apa watsopano kuchipatala nyumba ndi mchiritsi mpingo Panteleimon zinamangidwa.

Zitasintha, mpingo linaikidwa Hospital Ana matenda opatsirana, ndi zing'onozing'ono yomwe imakhala mu nyumba dispensaries TB. Tsopano nthawi ikutha ndi kumanga chipatala nyumbayi. Manor nyumba Kushelev-Bezborodko umasamutsidwa ku ndalama kwa kwawo ndi ntchito monga malo chikhalidwe ndi malonda.