Ali cosmodrome "Plesetsk"? Ndondomeko yeniyeni

Ngati "Baikonur" ndi zambiri kapena sichidziwika bwino ndiye funso malo a cosmodrome "Plesetsk", ambiri sakumvetsa. Ndipo onse chifukwa iye sanali kulankhula kwambiri za izo. Iwo ayenera amapanga kuti mumve palibe.

Pamene zonse zinayambira?

M'nyengo yozizira 1957. Iwo anali kenako kukhazikitsa malo asilikali January. Iye anali kukhala pawiri loyamba intercontinental mivi ballistic. Chaka chomwecho tinaona kuyamba kwa pomanga woyamba poyambira zovuta. Panopa, spaceport ali asanu ndi malo Launch, zomwe zina mwa tikukonza.

Kodi kusankha malo?

Panopa n'zotheka kuti amangokhala chidwi pamene "Plesetsk" - pa spaceport wotchuka, ndiyeno kupeza mtunda oyenera iye.

Ngakhale zinthu zambiri ayenera n'komwe. Iwo sanataye kufunika mu dziko masiku ano. Malo cosmodrome "Plesetsk", wakumana zinthu zotsatirazi:

• ndi moyandikana wa okwerera sitima;
• mwayi kugunda mdani kuthekera;
• kugwilizana ndi zinthu mwachinsinsi;
• Iwo ali ndi mwayi kuyesa-kuwombera m'dera la Kamchatka Peninsula;
• kuchotsedwa matawuni akuluakulu anthu ndi ili mu dera kumene kulibe anthu ambiri.

amafuna onsewa akufanana ndi malo pa kamtunda ndithu kuchokera Arkhangelsk. Kuti pali malo amene cosmodrome "Plesetsk".

Ndipo kodi ndondomeko yake?

Si nthawi zonse zofunika zokwanira zimene atachotsedwa Arkhangelsk kwa mtunda wa pafupifupi 180 kuchokera kum'mwera. Zimachitika kuti muyenera kudziwa kwenikweni kumene cosmodrome "Plesetsk". Malo Ndiyeno padzafika imathandiza.

Ngakhale zovuta kulankhula za deta yeniyeni Hrs kwa kuthetsa chifukwa lidakali kwambiri pa gawo lalikulu. Komabe. magwero ambiri amasonyeza mfundo izi:

• kum'mawa longitude - 40.68º kapena 40 ° 41 ';
• kumpoto kumpoto - 62.96 62 ° kapena 57.

A pang'ono za mbiri yake

The Launcher woyamba inatenga zaka ziwiri pambuyo chiyambi cha zomangamanga. Patapita chaka chimodzi anayamba woyamba ntchito chida nkhondowo (mu 1960).

Pambuyo zaka zitatu, anaganiza ntchito imapanga kupezeka kwa kukulozani makina. Ndipo mu 1966 ku cosmodrome "Plesetsk" anatumizidwa ku kanjira woyamba wa iwo. Zitachitika izi, spaceport wakhala akufunafuna mwakhama ntchito. Ndipo kenaka zaka makumi awiri yodziwika ndi mfundo yakuti mmodzi mwa anayi a Launch dziko danga zinachitikadi pamalo amenewo.

Mpaka chiyambi cha 1999 anali zoposa zikwi magalimoto Launch.

Ndipo adawerengedwa kuti, 49 okha ndi limodzi mwa mwadzidzidzi.

Pulani ya ntchito Baikonur pali item pa kukhazikitsa panali malo ndege.

Information pa malo Launch ndi malo ake

"1 State kuyesedwa" - dzina lovomerezeka wa cosmodrome "Plesetsk". A mwachidule ndi izi:

- dzina siteshoni "Plesetsk" Kukhala mbali ya kumpoto Railway ;

- m'dera amakhala ngati m'dera ngati undulating kumveka;

- gawo ili mu kwambiri chokhala ndi nyengo, amene amakhala ndi osakhalitsa kwambiri ndi ozizira kwambiri;

- pa Launch malo chimakwirira kudera la 1762 Km ^2;

- m'litali mwa kufanana - 46 Km, pamodzi meridian - 82 Km;

- likulu la Baikonur ili m'tauni ya Mirny,

- anthu ake zimasiyanasiyana 30 kuti anthu zikwi 50, mtengo izi zimatengera chimene ntchito imagwiridwa "Plesetsk";

- udindo wa mzinda - CATF, womwenso kwa "Tatseka City".

Kodi ndi zovuta pa chilengedwe chiyani?

Dera kumene cosmodrome "Plesetsk" Koma ngati wina aliyense, sangathe adzatchedwa wochezeka. Koma pambuyo pa izi. Poyamba kusintha zimene zinachitika mu chilengedwe. Ndipo iwo ndi zoonekeratu. Chifukwa kumanga yokha maofesi spaceport ndi utumiki ankafuna m'dera chitakonzedwa. Komanso anafunika kumanga nyumba zogona ndi zomangamanga kuthandiza ogwira akanatha pafupi nthawi yomweyo ntchito.

Makamaka zoipa anakhudzidwa ndi chikugwa nkhondo, zimene anapambulwa pa iwo pa ndege. Arkhangelsk dera ali m'madera 11 kugwa. Pali chitukuko zochepa, sakulimidwa kuigwiritsa ntchito pa ulimi. Ndipo onse chifukwa zatsalira akhoza kukhala mu izi propellants. Lili ndi poizoni mankhwala unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine komanso amachita ngati asafe feteleza, mofulumira kukula kwa zomera. Choncho, kuzungulira spaceports ndi zambiri zimachitika chodziwa kukula kwa udzu m'madera mafuta anali kukhetsedwa.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kwambiri utachepa chiwerengero cha chiyambi akuluakulu zisakuyenda bwino. Choncho, mbali kugwa kwa chonyamulira maroketi anakhala zochepa. Pa nkhani imeneyi, anthu ambiri zinthu zoipa utachepa.

Kuwonjezera pa imalankhula onse atsopano akutsatiridwa mafuta wapangidwa palafini ndi mpweya madzi. Only zina anachita zouluka mivi kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta akale. Iyi ndi zotsatira kwambiri pa ndende ya dimethylhydrazine ndi tetraksida asafe mu chilengedwe. Izo zimasiyanasiyana downwards. Komanso, 4 akhala akutayirapo dothi zambiri osati ntchito kwa zaka zingapo. Ena - kuposerapo 10.

Ndi zonse za mafuta amatayika. Kodi amayaka mkati injini, sizingawononge chifukwa mpweya. Chifukwa chakuti ankathandiza mkulu kutentha nkhunizo combusted pafupifupi mwathunthu. Zotsatira za kuyaka ake ndi madzi, mpweya woipa ndi asafe.