Anasefukira mizinda ya Russia ndi dziko

Dziko kwambiri m'midzi, amene pazifukwa zina anapita ku nyanja kapena mtsinje bedi. Izi otchedwa anasefukira mzinda. Aliyense ali mwini chidwi ndi zambiri zomvetsa chisoni tsoka ake. Mzinda umene anali anasefukira, ndipo n'chiyani zimayambitsa kusefukira kwa madzi awa, ife tikudziwa tsopano.

Zimayambitsa osefukira m'tawuni

Zimayambitsa midzi osefukira akhoza zosiyanasiyana, koma iwo anawagawa m'magulu ziwiri: zachilengedwe ndi yokumba. Pa nthawi yomweyo, aliyense siyana izi lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu Nthawi zambiri munthu.

Pamene anthu kulankhula za chongopeka adatchithisira ku midzi madzi, ndi makamaka mu malingaliro mzinda anasefukira madamu. Zolinga za chilengedwe cha Madamu opangidwa anali osiyana. Iwo munalengedwa ntchito okwerera opangira magetsi mphamvu, ulimi wa nsomba, kusunga madzi lalikulu zedi, ndi zina zotero. Makamaka zambiri Madamu pa dera la Russia ndi zina limati Union zamangidwa m'nyengo Soviet. Ndi mtundu wa posungira ndi wosiyana mu mtsinje komanso nyanja.

Anasefukira m'dera likugwiritsidwanso chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe. Izi zikhoza kukhala adzauka pa nyanja, pansi kapena zinthu zina. Makamaka zoopsa kusefukira kwa madzi pamene kuli chikhalidwe mwadzidzidzi.

Olowa mizinda ya dziko lathu

Anasefukira mizinda ya Russia - wosasintha gawo la mbiri yathu. Zimayambitsa osefukira anali osiyana. Koma ambiri a iwo anapita pansi madzi mu 30-50-ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, pamene anachita kumanga zikuluzikulu za malo madzi ndi magetsi. Kodi mizinda ambiri anasefukira pa nthawi ino? 9 otchedwa midzi yaikulu, seveni amene anapezedwa pa Volga Mtsinje, ndi wina - pa ob ndi Yenisei. Mzinda umene anali anasefukira? Iwo Mologa, Kalyazin, Korcheva, Puchezh, Vesegonsk, Stavropol, Volzhsky, Kuibyshev, Berdsk ndi Shagonar. Ena mwa midzi amenewa anasefukira kwathunthu, ndi zina - mu gawo. Kodi mzinda anasefukira la Russia ndi momwe mapeto ao, tsopano ife tikudziwa.

Mologa: mbiri ya mzinda

Yotchuka kwambiri Russian anatsika pansi m'midzi - Mologa, mudzi amati Rybinsk posungira. Zinali mudzi pa confluence a mtsinje chomwecho mu mtsinje wa Volga, mtunda wa chabe mazana makilomita kuchokera Yaroslavl.

Nthawi yeniyeni pogamula dera, kumene tsogolo anaonekera mzinda Mologa silikudziwika, koma mu zoyambirira za XIV m'ma kumeneko Mologa ukulu ngati mbali imodzi ya Yaroslavl ukulu. M'zaka za zana lotsatira tawuni adakula otukuka. Iye anatchuka monga kugula likulu mwachilungamo lalikulu. Kuyambira 1777 anakhala waukulu wachigawo m'tauni, ndinalandira malaya yake ya m'manja. Panali mipingo yambiri ndi obisika. Ndi kudza kwa ulamuliro wa mzinda Bolsheviks anakhala pakati chigawo.

Choncho kusanduka Mologa. Anasefukira mzinda pa nthawi ya likumira pansi posungira anali nyumba asanu ndi anayi okhala zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Madzi osefukira Mologi

Koma ngakhale tima kwambiri kutukula derali, chigamulo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Rybinsk mosungiramo analengeza mu September 1935, tanthauzo ndi inundation a m'madera ambiri. Pa nthawi imeneyo atakhala yaikulu yokumba mosungiramo mu dziko.

ntchito unayambitsidwa mu chaka chomwecho. Malinga ndi ndondomeko ija, madzi ayenera adzaukitsidwa kwa mamita 98. Popeza kuti Mologa amadziwikanso ili motere, madzi anasefukira si pangozi. Koma patapita zaka ziwiri dongosolo anaikonzanso ndi kuchuluka misinkhu madzi kuuka kwa mamita 102, zomwe kwambiri adakula m'dera chigumula. Kukhazikitsa ntchito iyi kuti Mologa anasefukira mzinda pa Volga.

Resettlement mizinda ina anayamba kumayambiriro 1937, makamaka m'mudzi wapafupi wa kuzembera, ndipo anatenga zaka 4. Mu 1940s panali madzi osefukira mumzinda. madzi anasiya nyumba, nyumba, bizinesi, mipingo ndi Athanasia obisika.

Kuyambira pamenepo Mologa - anasefukira mzinda. Koma mu 2014 panali kuchepa kwambiri mlingo wa madzi a Rybinsk mosungiramo, amene analola kufika pamwamba pa misewu lonse la mudzi kamodzi chakuya.

Kalyazin - mzinda pa Volga

Wina mzinda anasefukira pa Volga - Kalyazin. Woyamba mudziwe mbiri Kalyazin amanena zambiri za m'ma XI. Koma kwa nthawi yaitali unali mudzi wokongola wamng'ono, yemwe anali kutali ndi mutu mzinda. Moyo Kalyazin anakhala kutsitsimutsa pambuyo yomanga Macarius obisika m'zaka XV. obisika uyu anakhala malo kusonkhana misa wogonera, amene anali kutsogolera kwakukulu chitukuko cha mzinda. Mwa njira, mwa iwo anali wofufuza wotchuka Athanasius Nikitin ku Tver. Tikhoza kunena kuti ndi bungwe wauzimu wakhala ngati "midzi kampani".

mzinda anali kupita kumeneko mu zikomo mbiri wotchuka Nkhondo ya Kalyazin, imene asilikali Russian molamulidwa ndi Prince Skopin-Shuisky mu 1609 asilikali Polish.

Mu 1775 Kaljazin mwayi wokhala mumzinda ndipo inasandulika chilikati cha County lapansi. Kuyambira pamenepo mpaka pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu Soviet m'tauni yofunika dera ochitirapo malonda.

Kalyazin akupita pansi madzi

Mu 1935 pomanga Uglich opangira magetsi magetsi anayamba. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mu 1939-1940, madzi adatchithisira, ndi Kalyazin. Anasefukira mzinda ngati anali bwinobwino. Choyamba anagunda gawo mbiri ya mudziwo. Komanso, anafa zipilala kwambiri kamangidwe, monga Macarius ndi St. Nicholas Zhabensky mchitidwe umenewu.

Anthu amene ankakhala makedzana mbali adalowetsedwa wa m'mudzi anasamutsidwa m'madera uninjured, koma, ngakhale, mu mfundo Kalyazin - anasefukira mzinda.

Korcheva

City Korcheva nawo tsogolo la Mologa. Ndi midzi imeneyi - yekha olowa mu mzinda Russia, zomwe kwathunthu mbisoweka pansi pa madzi. Ena agwa pansi pang'ono chabe.

Pa nthawi ina Korcheva komanso unali likulu la County lapansi. Koma ndi chiyambi cha mafakitale, yomanga inayamba Ivankovo posungira. Anthu kwakukulukulu akhala atasamukira ku mudzi Konakovo, ndipo iye Korcheva - anasefukira.

olowa mzinda wina pa Volga

Komanso, panali enanso anayi anasefukira mzinda pa Volga. Iwo Puchezh, Vesegonsk, Stavropol, Volzhsky ndi Kuibyshev.

Puchezh pang'ono adalowetsedwa mu zaka 1955-1957 pomanga wa Gorky posungira. Makamaka pa madzi anasiya gawo lakale la mzindawo ndi zipilala mapulani ndi nyumba.

Vesegonsk mzinda anasefukira penapake kale mu 1939, monga Mologa pomanga wa Rybinsk posungira. Monga momwe zilili ndi Puchezh, mzinda anapita mbali pansi.

mzinda wina anasefukira - Stavropol - linali dzina mwamwayi wa Stavropol pa-Volga, ndi Volga-Stavropol, kusiyanitsa izo kwa North Caucasus Dzina. Pa nthawi chigumula, amene anachitika m'ma 50s wa atumwi wotsiriza, m'tauni ya anthu 12 000 ankakhala. Onse anali anasamukira ku malo atsopano pafupi ndi kuthetsa akale, amene adatenga pa dzina la wakufayo pansi pa madzi mzinda. Choncho, kupitiriza zinasungidwa. Ndipo pa malo a mudzi woyamba tsopano chotengera Kuibyshev posungira.

Latsopano Stavropol mu 1964 anadzatchedwa mu Togliatti, polemekeza wotchuka chikominisi mtsogoleri Italy. Tsopano ndi umodzi mwa mizinda yaikulu Russian ndi makampani olemera (makamaka magalimoto), ndi anthu mazana asanu ndi awiri zikwizikwi.

Mu 50 ntchentche wa XX m'ma ankagwiritsidwanso anasefukira mzinda wa Kuibyshev, mpaka 1936. Yotchedwa Spassk-Chitata. Kodi iye anali pa gawo la Tatarstan ano. Chigumula anthu anasamukira kudera latsopano pafupi anawononga mzinda wotchuka wa Bulgar, koma kuthetsa latsopano akadali ankatchedwa Kuibyshev. Only mu 1991 m'tawuni ya anadzatchedwa ku Bulgaria.

Anasefukira mzinda Siberia

La kwambiri kapena zochepa midzi yaikulu anasefukira mu Siberia, mukhoza kusankha mzinda Berdsk ndi Shagonar.

Berdsk linakhazikitsidwa m'nthawi XVII pa limodzi la makhwawa a ob, koma mzindawo unali lokha pa Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Komabe, mu udindo uwu zinatha osati kale. Mu 50s Mu zaka zapitazo wayamba zikuluzikulu pomanga Novosibirsk mosungiramo pa ob mtsinje. Berdsk phunziro kwa osefukira. Kwa malo atsopano mu mzinda wakale pa mtunda wa makilomita asanu ndi atatu, anthu anali atabwerera mu zaka 1953-1957. Monga mukuonera, icho sichinali ndondomeko akanthawi, zomwe zinachitika zaka zinayi. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa malo atsopano a mzinda wakale, iye anakhala mafakitale pakati yaikulu. Koma nyumba zakale Berdsk linasiiratu, monga iwo onse anali pansi pa madzi.

mzinda wina Siberia, wadziwa zoterezi Shagonar. Iye anali gawo la Tuva ndi ili m'mphepete mwa Irtysh Chochuluka. mzinda uwu unali anasefukira pambuyo midzi ina ya Russia mu pomanga Sayano-Shushenskoye mosungiramo mu 70s Mu zaka zapitazo. Kenako anasamukira kudera latsopano, makilomita asanu kuchokera kuthetsa akale. Koma, mosiyana Togliatti ndi Berdsk, kusamukira ku malo atsopano alibe amadza zabwino pa citukuko ca mzinda. Tsopano tawuni yaing'ono imeneyi, panali pang'ono anthu oposa zikwi khumi, wopangidwa pa ambiri Tuvan yosiyanasiyana.

Anasefukira mzinda m'mayiko ena

Anasefukira mumzinda osati Russia komanso m'mayiko ena a dziko. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha madzi osefukira ndi ankagwira ntchito zochita za anthu a zachuma. Mwachitsanzo, mu United States za zana m'matawuni ang'onoang'ono anatsala pansi kwa ntchito yomanga maofesi osiyanasiyana popanga magetsi. Komanso, kutulutsa madzi abwino.

Zolinga zofanana anali anasefukira mu 1985. tauni Venezuela pansi pa dzina la Potosi. Koma popeza madzi anachepa kwambiri, choncho anasefukira mzinda pang'onopang'ono ayamba zimaonekera.

Mu 1938 mu US boma la Nevada yokumba Nyanja Mead unakhazikitsidwa. Izo zinachitika kuti kumangira mosungiramo uyu anali kusefukira m'tauni yaing'ono ya St. Thomas. Tsopano nyanja uphwetsa, ndipo monga mu nkhani ya Potosi, padziko pamwamba madzi kuoneka pamwamba pa nyumba zakale.

Mu 1950, kumpoto kwa Italy, nyanja ziwiri - Rezija ndi Muto - anali chongopeka ophatikizidwa mu chimodzi. Ichi chidachitika kuti kugwiritsa ntchito imeneyi yopanga magetsi. Chifukwa, m'tauni yaing'ono ya Curon anali anasefukira. The chosonyeza okha kuti kunali kuthetsa ndi belu nsanja za m'ma XIV, kumutulutsira m'madzi.

Yomanga yaikulu kwambiri magetsi ku Brazil analinso kusefukira m'mudzi Petrolândia. Tawuni yatsopanoyi inamangidwa patsogolo pang'ono ku mudzi anasefukira.

Komanso, pofuna kupititsa patsogolo okwanira mphamvu za dziko mu 1972 izo adatchithisira ku tawuni madzi kumpoto Portugal otchedwa Vilarinyu das Furnas. Komanso, Pamudzi pano inali kwambiri kwa nthawi Roma.

Cha m'ma 50 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo kumanga damu pa mtsinje anali anasefukira Xi'an mzinda wakale Chinese wa Shi Cheng Qingdao pa nyanja. Pa yosamutsa a m'deralo za 290 zikwi. Anthu anali chimanga chosakhwima. Izi mwina resettlement yaikulu m'dziko mbiri kugwirizana ndi madzi osefukira yokumba mumzindawo.

Mu 1988, chifukwa cha tsoka akhala anasefukira Romania tawuni Bezidu Nou. Vuto la chochitika kwalimbitsa chakuti chifukwa cha tsokalo anapha anthu onse 180, kumeneko.

mzinda wakale umene madzi

Koma osati atumwi m'mbuyomu zinachitika madzi anasefukira m'mizinda. Nthawi ofanana zachitika kale Zapakati, koma nthawi zambiri iwo sanali chifukwa cha phukusi anthu ndi masoka achilengedwe.

Onse mwina mukudziwa nthano ya Atlantis. Uwu ndiwo umboni woyamba wa likumira pansi midzi m'tawuni, koma za mbiri yake, ndithudi, ndi zofunika kukambirana. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira mabuku a Plato, pamene m'madzi chifukwa cha madzi anasefukira wasiya mzinda kuposa wina, ndi South America lonse.

Umboni winanso ngozi amenewa ali mu Baibulo. chionongeko cha mizinda ya Sodomu ndi Gomora, omwe, malinga ndi nthano, anapita pansi pa Nyanja Yakufa. Mosiyana ndi likumira wa Atlantis, ndi kungoganizira kuli mizinda ali ndithu sayansi.

Komanso, nthawi akhala pang'ono kapena kwathunthu anasefukira Alexandria, Canopus ndi Heraklion ku Egypt, mzinda pachilumba Japanese wa Yonaguni, kumizidwa zaka 2,000 zapitazo, Saeftinge mu Netherlands, amene anaphedwa mu kuya kwa nyanja mu 1584, Port Royal, Jamaica, madzi anasefukira mu 1692 chaka, pa Port wa Julius ndi Bailly mu Italy Pavlopetri ndipo ambiri midzi ina pachilumba cha Greece, Atlit chilazi ku Israel, osadziwika Mayan mzinda Guatemala, anapeza pansi pa nyanja ya Atitlan, mzinda wakale pa Kekova chilumba ku Turkey ano.

Koma Russia, choyamba tisaiwale likulu wakale wa dziko Khazar Khanate - mzinda kusowa kwa Itil, limene, mogwirizana ndi akatswiri ena yagwa ndi Volga.

Izo si onse anasefukira mizinda mu dziko, koma tili wotchuka kwambiri a iwo latchulidwa.

Kusefukira kwa Madzi a phindu?

Iwo kalekale kutsutsana ngati osefukira ena m'madera wolungama ndi yoyenera, kapena kuti zochita zawozo sangakhale woyenera kuphunzira? Pa dzanja limodzi, boma, ndi anthu ake wonse pambuyo yomanga okwerera opangira magetsi mphamvu kapena madzi posungira ndi phindu zachuma.

Koma sitiyenera kuiwala nthawi yomweyo kuti kusamuka kwa anthu kumalo wina, kuchititsa zosiyanasiyana mavuto ena ndi chuma kusinthasintha kuti si munthu wonyamula popanda kumva ululu uliwonse. Komanso, madzi osefukira midzi kugwirizana ndi chiwonongeko cha nyumba ndi nyumba malonda, ndi mfundo zambiri chikhalidwe.

Ndi tsogolo la midzi, anasamukira ku malo atsopano, zachitika mosiyana. Anthu ena akulira ndipo akhala aakulu mafakitale malo, kukhala okongola koposa kuposa iwo amene anasefukira mzinda, pamene ena mbisoweka.

Choncho vuto la kuthekera chikumbumtima ndi chuma osefukira midzi m'malo osokoneza.