Ataman Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich: yonena

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich anali Cossack mtsogoleri. Iye anapita mu mbiri monga mtsogoleri wa Don kugalukira m'zaka za m'ma 18. chochitika ayenera kutengedwa ngati mmodzi wa zisudzo wa Cossacks malamulo boma la centralization a boma ndi kuphwanya malamulo wawo.

ANAKULIRA chipolowe

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich anabadwa mu 1660 ku banja la m'mudzi Village Ataman Trahizbenka. Iye anali ndi luso asilikali, kuyambira nawo ntchito yochotsa Chitata, komanso mu kampeni Azov. Zichitike precondition kugalukira inasandulika chilikati cha loletsa pa ulimi wa Cossacks eni mchere. Komanso chofunika pa kuwapatsa wamba wothawa. The muyeso woyamba udaikidwa kuti iwo kugula mchere ndi boma. Kuti tichite zimenezi, Iwo ankaletsedwanso ndi mchere zawo. Unachititsa kusakhutira ndi mkwiyo. Monga anthu a m'mudzi muno pachikhalidwe anapanga mchere zawo.

Koma kuyitana chachiwiri, kuti malangizo bwanji maziko a otchedwa "mfulu kudzanso Cossack". Kwenikweni ake anali kuonetsetsa kuti aliyense amene watenga malo ogona kwa Cossacks, ndi yocilizidwa. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti madongosolo awa kunachitika mogwirizana ndi malamulo a centralization mu ulamuliro wa Peter I. mfumu adafuna wamng'ono pakati mphamvu ya m'dera akutali ndi kuika pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma.

Gawo loyamba

Pambuyo amasulidwe malamulo pamwamba Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich anasonkhanitsa detachment ka Cossacks. Ndipo mu 1707 iye anaukira Izyumsky Regiment kuti anatenga mchere Cossack. Ndinadabwa Nkhondo wopambana. Pambuyo pake, opandukawo anaukira Yuri Dolgoruky. wagawo wake anali inawonongedwa, ndi mkulu anafa. zinthu zimenezi chinali chiyambi cha imodzi yaikulu zitsanzo otchuka atumwi. Malire a kupanduka kukodzedwa chifukwa zigawo m'munsi wa Don, chimene chinapangitsa nkhawa manda boma.

Peter ndinali chifukwa zambiri nkhawa nkhani iyi, chifukwa mu zaka izi dziko lathu kwachititsa kwambiri nkhondo ndi Sweden. Kugalukira mu dziko pa chiopsezo mavuto aakulu. Mu malo kupanduka imatumizidwa 20000th detachment molamulidwa ndi Dolgoruky, amene anali m'bale wa kalonga anaphedwa. Ndiye Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich pamodzi ndi anthu ake anabwerera ku dziko Chiyukireniya. Isanayambike yozizira zinachititsa kuti tizigona mwachidule.

mwendo yachiwiri

M'chaka cha 1708 anam'galukira mwakhama. Ataman anapanga uliwonse pa Cossacks, Kalmyks. Chiwerengero cha asilikali ake pang'onopang'ono kudzadza wamba osauka. Chipolowe anatenga ambiri ndithu kukuchitika chifukwa chakuti basi chaka chino wakhala umodzi wa ovuta kwambiri nkhondo. Ndi zosowa za asilikali amafuna ndalama latsopano, usilikali, zomwe zinachititsa kuti impoverishment chachikulu cha anthu wamba a. Choncho, m'chaka chatsopano zipolowe kunakopa. Choncho, unafalikira zigawo loyandikana ndi malo.

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasyevitch yonena amene anapita mu mbiri chifukwa cha anakweza, bungwe ulendo kupanduka kwawo, nafuna kulenga Buku mfundo, amene adzakhala kumudzi chachikulu cha anthu opanduka. Chifukwa chaichi iye anasankha mzinda wa Cherkassk. Apo iye anakumana ndi kukana aliuma, mwaluso bungwe mtsogoleri L. Maximov. Last amakana anakana opanduka. Komabe, iye anaperekedwa, anagwidwa ndi m'deralo ndi akulu, omwe anamupereka opandukawo. Iye analamula za izo, pamodzi ndi mbali ya.

Bwino chiwembu ndi

Modzi wa atsogoleli wotchuka kwambiri zipolowe anali Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich. Wambiri ya Ataman chidwi. Izo zimasonyeza kuti anthu a m'midzi Cossack anakhala kukuchitika wa amaganiza zoukira boma. Posachedwa kugalukira kufalitsa m'dera lalikulu, kufalikira kwa angapo zigawo kum'mwera. Komanso, mtsogoleri nayembekeza kulenga chinachake ngati Cossack Mgwirizano, cholinga kukopa strata yotakata am'deralo.

Iye adakwanitsa kupambana kukhulupirira pa nthawi ya gulu lake, amene atakhala mzinda ananena kuti mtsogoleri wake ankhondo. Kwa nthawi yochepa, mtundu wa chizindikiro cha kusakhutira pa Don dziko anakhala monga Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich. Kugalukira, zomwe anatola, anatenga zikulilima lonse. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti poyamba ankafuna kupatsa ena semblance la kupanduka kuti anthu sakusangalala ndi zachinyengo za makonsolo. Ndipo ndicho chifukwa anagalukira. Mozungulira Mzimu yemweyo analemba maulamuliro, kuti ntchito ya Cossacks anali kwakukulukulu lachibadwa.

machenjerero

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasyevitch chithunzi amene timalandira mu pepala ili, zachitika yake njira za nkhondo. Zinali liwiro komanso kudabwa kuukira. Maziko a gulu la asilikali Cossack analandidwa. The mayunitsi msana anali dragoons, Cossacks, anathawa asilikali a asilikali. Alimi anaphunzitsidwa luso yosavuta nkhondo. Opandukawo anali akasamuka kuzinga, kutenga linga, mu nkhondo iwo ngolo. Mu masiteji koyamba strategy umenewu wakhala wopambana ndipo walola kuti tikwaniritse mndandanda wa kupambana ndi asilikali aboma.

Mbali yachitatu

Bulavin Kondraty Afanasyevitch mwachidule za amene anauzidwa mu buku lino akuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka osiyanasiyana kupanduka otchuka. Ndipo mwina anakwanitsa mothandizidwa ndi anthu ake, amene zimayesetsa kukopa wamba mbali yawo. Ataman nayenso analemba otchedwa "wokongola" makalata omwe ankakopa asilikali ake osauka ndi Cossacks. N'zochititsa chidwi anatchula kwa nkhanza kwa aboma, ndipo analimbikitsa aimirire mfumu woona. mawu awa anali kwathunthu mu mzimu wa zipolowe otchuka. Za Pugachev yemweyo analemba mu kalata yake kwa anthu wamba.

Kondraty Afanasievich Bulavin anali ena mwa mbali achangu, amene anatha kukatenga m'madera ena. mnzake wake I. Nekrasov pa Volga inayambitsa kukuchitika latsopano la kupanduka. Koma opandukawo zofunika kwambiri anapereka adani a Azov. Koma ndinganene kupanda zinachitikira okwanira asilikali. Opandukawo popanda mabungwe zake Gunners kuti analephera linga. Komanso, iwo anabwera pansi moto kuchokera pansi ndi panyanja zida zankhondo. Chinthu chokha chimene iwo ali - kutenga mumzinda kumudzi.

Akamaliza kugalukira ndi

Ataman Kondrat Bulavin anali anaukira ndi mbali zawo m'chilimwe cha 1708. Iwo anaganiza kuti adzalipereka kwa akuluakulu a boma. Komabe, pa firefight zotsatira, iye anamwalira. Pali view kuti mtsogoleri, osati kuchoka, anali kudzipha. Komabe, zimasonyeza kuti ngakhale pambuyo pa imfa yake sanaleke kugalukira. M'malo mwake, iye anati Nekrasov ayesetsa kugwirizanitsa maiko motsogozedwa anamwazikana asilikali ake mtsogoleri wawo. Pa Don zikugwera kupanduka kutsogoleredwa ndi N. Wamaliseche. Pa Volga anachita atsogoleri angapo. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti iwo si ogwirizana kupanduka ndinayima. Asilikali otsala anachoka mu dera Kuban.

kuwunikira

Mu Soviet sayansi mbiri ndithu udzakhazikika kukhulupirira kuti kugalukira kutsogoleredwa ndi K. Bulavin anali ntchito antifeudal anthu wamba ndi kalasi olamulira. kutanthauzira Izi zochitika kugwirizana ndi malingaliro Marxist, chimene zochita zida za mtundu umenewu anali kusonyeza zotsutsana ndi chidani pakati pa exploiters ndi makalasi molakwika. Komabe, mu historiography ano izo anaganiza kuti kupanduka kumeneku anali m'dera ntchito dera la Cossacks amene sanakhutitsidwe ndi zimene boma kusokoneza malamulo wawo. Mwachitsanzo, odziwika bwino mbiri Pavlenko.

Ndipo ndithu, n'zovuta kunena kuti anali kuukira kwa anthu ndi kanthu misa. Pamene kuli kwakuti chiwembu anali simonga lonse poyerekeza Mwachitsanzo, Pugachevsky ntchito. Komabe, kuukira anapita pansi mu mbiri monga mmodzi wa atsogoleri olemekezeka ankaona Bulavin Kondraty Afanasievich. Zosangalatsa za iye sali choncho ambiri. Kuwonjezera izi, iwe ukhoza icho zimenezo ndi chipilala mu mzinda Bahmut.