Chombo "Kapitan Sorokin." Zombo zamakono

Asayansi amati za wachisanu wa padziko lonse wa dziko lathuli ali ndi ayezi. Ndipo chiwerengero chake ndicho pafupifupi 35 nthawi zambiri kuposa buku la madzi mu nyanja onse ndi mitsinje. Ndi kayendedwe pa lalikulu malo achisanu zofunika ziwiya wapadera - kuchangamutsa. Iwo ali wamphamvu zikuluzikulu za zombo Russian. Mbiri ya makhoti amenewa ali ambiri zaka. Sitima nyukiliya salinso mu dziko lililonse padziko lapansi! Yoyamba Chombo ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu unayambitsidwa pafupifupi makumi asanu zapitazo mu Soviet Union. Masiku ano, zida ndi zombo Russian ndi 7 zombo atomiki.

Zombo monga "Captain Sorokin" ndi amphamvu ndipo kuuluka. Kodi ntchito zimagwiridwa ndi sitima zoterozo, kodi mbiri yawo, kapangidwe ndi chiyembekezo kuyembekezera pa chitukuko ya Arctic zombo? Timaphunzira kwa nkhaniyi.

History Zombo ku Russia

Kanali koyamba kwa kayendedwe ka ayezi zinamangidwa pafupi zaka mazana awiri zapitazo mu North America. Iwo steamed ndipo anali zolakwa zambiri kuti kuchepetsa mogwira awo. M'zaka za m'ma otsiriza kwambiri akweza.

ziwiya nthunzi mkulu mphamvu - mmodzi wa oyamba anali Chombo Soviet "Sibir" - zikhoza kukhala mu nyanja mpaka masabata atatu, ndi latsopano dizilo-magetsi - kawiri bola, masiku makumi anai.

Popeza kufunika kwa USSR navigation mwa njira kumpoto, kunali koyenera kuti akonzekeretse zombo ndi luso lamakono. Ndipo mu 1959 madzi unayambitsidwa nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa woyamba Chombo wa dzikoli, womwe unkatchedwa "Lenin". chikuoneka zosavuta kuti kuyenda njira kumpoto.

Lero, zombo Russian zikuphatikizapo Zombo mitundu iwiri: dizilo ziwiya magetsi ndi sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya

Kodi ntchito m'zombo? yomanga chotengera

Zochangamutsa adzipangira chopereka yofunika kwambiri kuti phunziro la kumpoto Nyanja Route. Iwo ntchito kwenikweni kuonetsetsa ufulu kayendedwe ka zipangizo izi kwa iwo. Komanso, ntchito yokonza ndi gulu la maulendo kafukufuku, komanso kwa yobereka cargoes zosiyanasiyana m'madera akumidzi ya Arctic ndi Antarctic.

Bwinobwino kuchita ntchito yovuta, muyenera chombo wapadera. Chombo ali ndi mamangidwe chosiyana amene amawathandiza kuti pakhale njira, kumene si abwino kwa ziwiya zina. Makamaka zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa wapadera mawonekedwe a mphuno ndi thupi mbiya woboola pakati. Ngalawa izi mukhoza kupita pa ayezi kugumula kulemera.

The mawonekedwe zachilendo kumakhaliro (M-mphako) limakupatsani chingwe chabwazi ziwiya zina. Ntchito dizilo-magetsi kapena mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera amapanga chombo wamphamvu ndi kuuluka. komanso limalola kudziyimira pawokha wamkulu chotengera, pambuyo refueling m'thambo wosatha ayezi kovuta.

Chombo "Kapitan Sorokin"

pikhabuluka wapanga Soviet yozizira navigation mu 1977-1978. Izo zinali ndiye anayambitsa pa Chombo wotchuka "Kapitan Sorokin." Iye, ngati ngalawa zina za mtundu uwu, analengedwa "Wärtsilä" doko la zombo zapanyanja Chifinishi. Iwo anamanga Soviet Union, Finland ndi Argentina. Ndiye "mkulu Sorokin" monga kuyesera ikuchitika pa doko la Dudinka sitima zapamadzi "Pavel Ponomarev" ndi "Navarino". Motero, kwa nthawi yoyamba anasonyeza kuti n'zotheka chaka chonse Arctic navigation. Zinali yotamandika kwambiri, limene kwa nthawi yoyambayi Zochangamutsa Soviet Union.

zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo, "Captain Sorokin" adauzidwa kukakumana mu Gulf of kuzungulira dziko, chilikupita gululi Volvo Ocean Mpikisano, limene kutsirizidwa mu St. Petersburg. Pa bolodi, mwa ena, anali atolankhani ndi ojambula.

Tsopano, "Captain Sorokin" ndi ntchito.

Zombo zina za mtundu uwu

Monga tanenera kale, Chombo "Kapitan Sorokin" - si chotengera chabe wa mtundu uwu, umene uli mbali ya zombo Russian. Mu zonse pali anayi sitima zoterozo. Iwo anapezerapo akutiakuti mu 1977-1981, motero. Dzina lake pambuyo lodziwika bwino kumalo ozizira akazembe anayi - Sorokin, Nikolaev, Dranitsyna ndi Khlebnikov, - iwo ali linga lolimba kwa Chombo zombo.

Zotengera za mtundu uwu ndi awiri decker dizilo magetsi sitimayo. Icebreaking uta, transom ndipo akukonzani ndi helipad ndi walola kuti kudzapeza mphamvu ya Arctic navigation.

Tchulani zaluso

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Chombo "Kapitan Sorokin" anatchuka kwambiri osati kwa Arctic ake ulendo. Mu 1979 pa izo anajambula zopelekedwa Yuri Vizbora. Mufilimuyi ankatchedwa "Murmansk-198" ndipo anadzipereka kuti ntchito yaikulu ya amalinyero kutumikira pa kuchangamutsa.

Komanso, "mkulu Sorokin" otchulidwa nyimbo Yu Vizbora amatchedwa "achisanu kadzidzi".

Zochangamutsa mu Russia lero

Modern Russian zombo zikuphatikizapo Zombo ndi unsembe nyukiliya ndi dizilo zotengera za magetsi. Malinga ndi malipoti a posachedwapa, mu zonse pali 44 ngalawa ndi ntchito. Asanu a iwo - nyukiliya. Mu 2007, inatha ndipo analamula chombo amatchedwa "Zaka 50 Chigonjetso". N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ali ndi Chombo waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Iwo amakhala ndi osiyana poyerekeza ndi ziwiya zina, mphuno mawonekedwe, amene amalola zosavuta kugumula ayezi. Ali makamaka kuti ayende makamu mu ozizira nyanja Arctic. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito Chombo, ndi kuchita zonyamula cruises. Pa kutaya okwera sitima - dziwe, anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta, odyera, laibulale.

Kuyenera makamaka taonera amphamvu Soviet Chombo "Arktika" (kenako anadzatchedwa "Leonid Brezhnev"). kufunikira kwake undoubted kwagona kuti anali woyambirira anafika North Pole.

Current Zombo nyukiliya athe chaka zoyendera za matani mamiliyoni asanu a katundu.

Choncho, masiku Russian Chombo - ndi osakaniza mphamvu ndi maneuverability, liwiro ndiponso kudalirika. Tonga njira yokhayo achisanu Nyanja Arctic, iye ophatikizapo mphamvu ya zombo zoweta.

chikondwerero kuchangamutsa

Pakuti makumi chaka chikumbutso cha Kupambana chachikulu chikondwerero inapatulidwa ku Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, omwe anali nawo Zombo amphamvu kwambiri pa dziko. Iye anali yekhayo wa mtundu wake ndipo unachitikira mu madzi a Big Neva. alendo onse a chikondwerero apanyanja mwaufulu Pitani anapereka bwalo.

Mwa iwo anali Chombo "Kapitan Sorokin," ndi wotchuka "Ivan Kruzenshtern», nthawi zonse kumasuka mipata madzi pakati pa likulu ndi kumpoto Baltic Sea. Komanso kotheka kuti amasirira m'patali "St. Petersburg" ndi "Moscow". Amphamvu thupi ndi miyeso galimoto kuwalola udziyenda mosavuta kudzera ayezi mpaka mita imodzi lakuda, ndipo limodzi ndi sitima zazikulu ndi kuyang'ana ngozi pa akuya kwambiri.

Alendo chikondwerero anatha kuona Zombo amphamvu kwambiri Russian zombo. Ndipo pa mapeto a holide kotheka kuona zodabwitsa, zosangalatsa choonetsedwa - pachionetsera cha zombo pansi thandizo la oimba moyo - "Maritime Waltz".

Zombo tsogolo

Ponena za Zombo zamakono, sitingathe kuyang'ana m'tsogolo ziwiya izi. Pakali pano, chitukuko ndiponso kumanga zombo zatsopano pachimake kufunika. Titawerenga komaliza, zombo Russian amafunikira zombo asanu ano nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa. Nanga adzakhala Chombo za m'tsogolo?

Mu zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, izo anaganiza zomanga atatu nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa Chombo champhamvu lotsatira, kale ku mbadwo wachitatu. Ntchito Zombo za mtundu analonjeza kukwaniritsa kwambiri liwiro, mphamvu ndi kudziyimira pawokha. Panopa yofuna akugwira ntchito pa sitima latsopano "Arctic" m'badwo wachitatu. Malinga anapezazo, Chombo adzakhala kusambira poyera kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Amaganiza kuti chombo uyu adzakhala yaikulu pa dziko, chosasimbika ndi wapadera mu magawo ambiri. Kukhazikitsidwa chotengera ichi kutsegula tsamba latsopano mu mbiri ya Chombo zombo. Izo zikhoza kapadera kuti yojambula mu shipbuilding adzalola kuphunzira zambiri kozizira ndi kupeza malo omwe anali kale kujambula mapu.