Babulo dongosolo chiwerengero: mfundo ndi zitsanzo

Babulo dongosolo chiwerengero, zinachokera kwa zaka masauzande Chikhristu chisanayambe, chinali chiyambi cha chiyambi cha masamu. Ngakhale zaka zake zazikulu, ndi indecipherable komanso ofufuza zinsinsi zambiri za Ancient East. Ife tsopano wofufuza zakale ndi kuphunzira mmene wakale lingaliro.

Features Ofunika

Choncho, chinthu chofunika kwambiri muyenera kudziwa - Babulo dongosolo nambala Pamalo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero mbiri amapangidwa kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere ndi ukutsika dongosolo. Mu malo oyamba ndi ofunika zana, ndiye dazeni, ndiye unit. Mbali imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa masamu akale, komanso ku Iguputo, mwachitsanzo, dongosolo anali nonpositional ndi zithunzi pakati analembedwa m'njira wachisokonezo, chimene chinapangitsa chisokonezo. Mbali yachiwiri - Babulo sexagesimal dongosolo analipo cyclical. Countdown chikutha lililonse makumi asanu, ndi kupitiriza nkhani ya manambala amalembedwa gulu latsopano, ndi kujambula akuyamba kachiwiri ku wagawo ndi. Nthawi zambiri, Babulo dongosolo nambala kumva, akhoza ngakhale kuphunzira sukulu.

Mbiri ya yatsoka

Amadziwika kuti ufumu wa Babulo inamangidwa pa bwinja la mphamvu zazikulu ziwiri - a Sumer ndi Akkad. Kuyambira chitukuko izi anachoka kwambiri ya cholowa chikhalidwe, amene ali mwanzeru kwambiri Ababulo. The Sumerians iwo anaitenga sextuple chiwerengero zino, imene mlingo pano, pamene Akkadians - makumi. Mwa kaphatikizidwe zomwe wa makolo awo, anthu a mtundu watsopano anakhala ndiAmene wa sayansi watsopano, amene anatchedwa kuti "masamu". Babulo sexagesimal momveka bwino kuti malo - chinanso chofunika kwambiri manambala mbiri chifukwa Patapita Roma, Greek ndi mawerengero Arabic zinalengedwa malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi. Kufikira tsopano, ife kuyeza mtengo wa makumi, ngati nawo chiwerengero cha zigawo. Monga momwe Senary adzizungulira, mukazonde pa oyimba ulonda.

manambala mbiri ya Babulo

Kuloweza chiwerengero mndandanda wa Babulo wakale, chidwi chapadera sadzakhala ndi ntchito. Masamu iwo ntchito manambala awiri okha - mpheroyo umodzi, adayima umodzi, ndipo 'kunama' kapena yopingasa mphero kusonyeza ambiri. Mafanizo oterewa n'zofanana ndi Roma, kumene kuli ndodo, nthata ndi mitanda. Chiwerengero cha wedges zosiyanasiyana anasonyeza makumi angapo ndipo mayunitsi mu bwino makamaka. Mu njira ngati yowerengera chitachitidwa kwa zaka 59 zakubadwa, kenako nambala pamaso Polemba latsopano ofukula mphero, lomwe nthawi imeneyi ankaona ngati 60, ndipo kumaliseche kwa unkachitika ngati yaing'ono mfundo pamwamba. Ndi zida tithe zake, anthu a ufumu wa Babulo Adziyeretsa amazipanga yaitali ndi zovuta manambala otchulidwa. Zinali zokwanira awerenge chiwerengero cha mipatuliro ndi wedges ang'ono amene anali pakati pawo, mwamsanga zinadziwika, nambala kutsogolo kwa inu.

ntchito masamu

Zochokera chakuti Babulo dongosolo chiwerengero anali Pamalo, Kuwonjezera ndi wochotsera zimachitika pa bwino kuti ife chiwembu. Kunali koyenera kuti awerenge chiwerengero cha manambala, makumi ndi anthu chiwerengero lililonse ndipo onjezerani iwo kapena kuchotsera kwa akuluakulu zochepa. N'zochititsa chidwi ndiku chulutsa mfundo nthawi inali yofanana monga lero. Ngati kunali kofunika kuchulukitsa chiwerengero cha yaing'ono, Kuwonjezera ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Ngati chitsanzo panali atatu kapena kuposa kanjedza manambala anali tebulo wapadera. Ababulo anatulukira kuchuluka kwa matebulo chulutsa, aliyense amene zinthu anali kumatanthauza khumi (20, 30, 50, 70, etc.).

Kuchokera kwa makolo kuti m'nthawi

Mutatha kuwerenga, inu mwina mukudabwa, "Kodi Babulo dongosolo chiwerengero zitsanzo za amene ntchito ndi akale ndi zolinga anafika mu molondola ofanana ndi manja a ofukula ano?" The chinthu kuti mosiyana mitundu ina amene ntchito gumbwa, nyenyeswa za nsalu, Ababulo ntchito mapale amene analembedwa zipambano zawo zonse, kuphatikizapo atulukira masamu. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa "mapale", monga dongo atsopano mwapadera lakuthwa tsamba kusonyezedwa otchulidwa, manambala ndi zithunzi. Akamaliza miyala ankaziyanika zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mu nyumba yosungiramo katundu amene anali ndi moyo masiku ano.

Polongosola mwachidule

Mu chifaniziro pamwamba pa fano ife tikhoza kuwona bwino zimene imaimira ndi momwe kulemba Babulo dongosolo chiwerengero. Photos dongo miyala, amene analengedwa kalelo, chosiyana ndi njira zamakono kunena "zolemba", koma mfundo akanali yemweyo. Babulo zikamera wa masamu amavutika chinthu, monga chitukuko ichi chinali chimodzi mwa kutsogolera dziko. Anamanga nyumba yaikulu masiku amenewo, anachita Sindingachite atulukira zakuthambo ndi kumanga chuma, chifukwa zomwe boma anakhala wotukuka ndiponso wabwino.