Baikal khola: kapangidwe, zimachititsa chilumbachi, kachitidwe phiri, makamaka

Baikal kungomanga limachokera ku nthawi za orogeny, ndipo ili mu Siberia. Dzina limeneli polima miyala ndi nthaka Shatsky mu mmasate Mu zaka zapitazo polemekeza nyanja eponymous, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo, gawo ili la dera unapangidwa.

Pa kapangidwe ndi makhalidwe a kungomanga ati m'nkhani ino. Information kudzakuthandizani kudziwa zambiri za malowa dzikoli.

Kapangidwe ka kungomanga

dongosolo khola popangidwa ndi pophatikizana a m'madera awiri - ndi Baikal ndi Yenisei. Iwo ali akunja ndi mbali mkati, ndi malire pakati pawo mutuluka zone, akuthamanga kuchokera kunyanja Mame mtsinje. Baikal m'chigawo cha kungomanga anawagawa kunja ndi mkati. Dama zinthu wolemera miyala wakale.

Features

Mbali yaikulu ya Baikal Pindani System kuti inakhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali (lonse otsiriza siteji Proterozoic), ndi mathirakiti ake zili m'madera ambiri Urals ndi, Taimyr, Kazakhstan, ndi Caucasus, Iran, Tien Shan ndi ena. Komanso, baykality wamba m'madera ena a Dziko Lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, mu France, India, North America ndi Australia. Komabe, n'kupita awa, kani, analogs awo (Kadoma, minaaskaya, musgravidy). Baikal m'khola 'chimakwirira "ndi mbali ya Brazil, yomwe ili pa Red Sea gombe.

M'nthawi ya nsanja angapo baicalensis tectogenetic ndiye anapanga chifukwa cha mizere tectonic, amene kenako anayamba kudzaza ndi kuchuluka kwa nyanja miyala. Chifukwa cha pobowola ndi kafukufuku ntchito m'munda wa geophysics, grooves awa akhala pa nsanja zina - ndi East European ndi Siberia. Ngakhale kum'mwera kwa dziko (m'madera a Antarctic), izi anapanga nsanja yopindika, anaonanso metamorphic ndi maginito njira.

kachitidwe

Mapiri lomwe lili Baikal yopindika, muli kum'mwera kwa Siberia. Zikuphatikizapo Trans-Baikal ndi dera Baikal, lomwe ndi phiri Olekma ndi ziwalo zitunda zathyathyathya (Vitim, Baikal) ndi uplands (Charskaya, Patom ndi Severobaikalsk). mbali izi imvera glaciation. Apa tiri ndi mapiri otsika ndi zigwa zomwe ziri pa mizere vuto.

A ambiri olemera chirengedwe cha Baikal khola. Relief mmene wapadera kuti madipoziti osiyanasiyana ali m'dziko lino (mwachitsanzo, mkuwa, Mercury, golide, tini, nthaka ndi ena). Ndipo, monga momwe adalowa dzina lake likunenera, kukopa zofunika kwambiri apa ndi nyanja Baikal, lomwe lili ndi kachigawo mawonekedwe. Iwo lili Baikal mapiri, kumbali zonse ndi m'mapiri. Mitunda ya malo awa ndi kukopa alendo.

nyanja Baikal

Baikal apangidwe - moona malo apadera. Kuti pali nyanja mmodzi, amene kudanenedwa pang'ono apamwamba. m'litali ndi makilomita oposa mazana asanu, ndi malo okwana chimakwirira kudera pa mamita zikwi zitatu lalikulu. Km. Pamene ambiri adziwe, ndi kuya mu dziko. M'madera ena kuya ukufika pa imodzi yomweyo, ndipo ngati ife kutenga mtengo zikutanthauza za mazana asanu ndi awiri. Ndi bwino kuti amalowa nyanja kwambiri mitsinje (oposa mazana atatu), ndipo motere imodzi yokha - ndi Angara. oposa theka amachokera madzi lilinkudza pa mtsinje. Selenga. Pa Baikal ali zilumba zingapo, yaikulu imene ndi Olkhon. Anapeza kuti nyanja unakhazikitsidwa 25 miliyoni zapitazo. Choncho, gulu lalikulu la madzi ankaona kuti osati kuya komanso amakezana. Ndipo chifukwa cha mtunda zosiyanasiyana pa Baikal dziko wachuma wa nyama ndi zomera.

Baikal

Mu kumpoto, kumadzulo ranges nyanjayi Western Pribaikalye chimene chiri chopapatiza Mzere ndi kufika msinkhu wa mamita 450. thanthwe formations awa kunja kuyang'ana amazipanga kukongola ndi mwangwiro osonyeza pagombe la nyanja. Makamaka anatsindika spiky phiri nsonga. Baikal lopinda (mawonekedwe mpumulo ndi sanali muyezo) amakopeka asayansi ambiri m'dzikoli.

Baikal

Zabaikalye oyenerera pakati Pribaykalye ndi mtsinje Argun. M'litali imodzi ndi theka makilomita zikwi ndi kunama kwa dera kum'mwera kumadzulo ndi kumpoto-kum'mawa. M'madera ena, mapiri ili pa madzi. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi zaka mpumulo, Baikal akhoza kugawidwa mu mbali zingapo zokhudzana. Lokwera apamwamba ndi encoder imene imafikira ndi kutalika kwa makilomita atatu. Chifukwa cha okwera wake kawirikawiri, ndipo ambiri kukaona chinthu zachilengedwezi, ngati khola Baikal. Mawonekedwe a mpumulo wa m'deralo ndi zodabwitsa. Ndipo yekha pa izi phiri oundana mwalandira pamene Quaternary glaciations. Malowa Izi m'gulu Stanovoy dongosolo, omwe anapangidwa wa zigwa ndi mapiri pakati unyolo. The zikuchokera aliyense unyolo zikuphatikizapo mumbali gale- ndi zitunda mosabisa. Kum'mwera Trans-Baikal otsika m'dera kufala. Chifukwa mu malo awa chaka pamlingo wochepa mvula, njira kukokoloka ndi wosayenera. Pa kum'mawa kwa Trans-Baikal chifukwa mvula anapanga proluvial mchere zingwe zopota. mpumulo apa zikuwoneka pachiyambi. Iwo makamaka anasonyeza zigawo mosabisa, amene kuoneka zikuchepa ndi zitunda mkulu. Mtundu wa chithandizo otchedwa Gobi.

Onse mapiri a Baikal kungomanga ndi zimachititsa chilumbachi wapadera, kusiyana ndi chidwi asayansi.