Chuma amakono a Belarus

Chuma cha dziko la Republic of Belarus, malinga ndi mfundo boma, ndi chikhalidwe cholambira, lotseguka, apindulitsa za malonda, ndi chidwi sayansi ndi nzeru angathe. Mu Soviet Union dera ankatchedwa "msonkhano shopu" wa dziko, amene Belarus ndi lero, kukumbukira zikulumikizana malonda Russia, Ukraine ndi maiko ena CIS.

zizindikiro zachuma

Popeza chuma cha Belarus ndi lotseguka apindulitsa za malonda, ndiye kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina kusinthasintha kwa dziko, makamaka Russian chuma. Zotsatira za mavuto lonse, stagnation a makampani a boma latsopano la Russia chifukwa ziletso kugwa kwa mtengo wa chimasanduka, "likumira" msika Chiyukireniya azivutika m'madera onse a dziko. Pakhala kuchepa GDP, ndi chifooke ndi ruble Chibelarusi, kotulukira ulova komanso chifukwa cha munthu - muyezo wa chikhalidwe lafika poipa kwambiri.

Kudziwa mlingo wa zachuma chitukuko ndi chuma ntchito likukhudza zofunika zachuma chizindikiro - aakulu m'banja mankhwala. Mu 2014 Belarus 'chuma cha dziko lakwaniritsa ntchito kwambiri ya GDP - madola oposa biliyoni 77, kapena za $ 8,000 pa munthu. Yerekezerani: mu 2010 GDP anali oposa $ 60 biliyoni ($ 6,100 pa munthu aliyense). Komabe, izi pantchito anayamba kumapeto kwa 2014 mavuto dera. Mwina, chuma zotsatira 2015 adzakhala zochepa chidwi.

kapangidwe GDP

Monga kale, chopereka wopita ku chuma cha Belarus anayambitsa gawo mafakitale. Chimachititsa kotala ya GDP. Ndi ziwiri nthawi kwanthawi akutsatiridwa ndi malonda ndi kumanga. Ziwerengero cha 2014 ndi iyi:

• makampani - 24%;
• malonda - 12.1%;
• msonkho pa katundu - 12,1%;
• yomanga - 10,4%;
• kulankhulana ndi zoyendera - 7.9%;
• Ulimi ndi Zankhalango - 7.1%;
• kumabungwe ena - 25,8%.

Top malonda zibwenzi: Russia (40% wolowa ndi 50% wa imports), Europe (30% ya wolowa ndi pafupifupi 20% ya imports), makamaka Ukraine, Netherlands, Great Britain, Lithuania, Germany, Italy, Poland. Pompopompo osauka malonda ndi China, Brazil, Venezuela, Kazakhstan, India, Turkey ndi mayiko ena.

chuma msika

Belarus ngati chandamale chitsanzo umoyo ndi zachuma chitukuko kuganizira umoyo wokonda Baibulo ubale msika. chuma Belarus n'ngozikidwa pa:

• Kupeza ufulu wa munthu ndi kumasulika kwa nzika;
• patsogolo, chilakolako anthu kusintha umoyo wawo;
• kulenga wolimba kuteteza moyo;
• ufulu ogwira ntchito;
• liberalization wa Boma zosiyanasiyana za ntchito chuma;
• chitukuko cha mpikisano;
• KULIMBIKITSA mayiko gulu la ntchito.

Mu gawo loyamba la chitukuko ntchito mwachindunji boma lamulo m'madera msika kwenikweni kudziletsa lamulo ndi operewera. Chofunikanso ndi chitukuko nzeru ndi nkhani ya ndalama zakunja ndi zoweta.

Vuto amakampani imfa yopanga

Mu Belarus, gawo la mabungwe opanda pake chaka ranges kuchokera 20-25%, makamaka m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi sing'anga, zigawo Grodno, Minsk ndi Smolevichi, makamaka malonda ndi Catering anthu, mwina makampani. Kuonjezera profitability zofunika kudula mtengo kupanga, kuchepetsa mowa wake zipangizo ndi mphamvu.

Kapangidwe ka chuma

Economics wa Republic of Belarus kulimbana chiŵerengero cha munthu zigawo zikuluzikulu famu ndi ubale pakati pa iwo. Popeza 2011, Belarus ntchito gulu latsopano la ntchito zachuma. Mosiyana magawano nthambi (Soviet) ya chuma, tsopano amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito zachuma lagawidwa migodi akuphwanya, ndi utumiki wosamalira.

Kutenga monga osiyanasiyana minda ya ntchito, zokhudza ulimi wa ulimi, kusaka, nkhalango ndi asodzi, makampani migodi mwachindunji (salt potassium zomangira, chimasanduka ndi zina zotero. D.). Makampani opanga ndi udindo kwa processing a zipangizo, kupanga ndi kufalitsa magetsi, madzi ndi mpweya. ntchito ndalama, malonda, maphunziro, BOMA, mayendedwe ndi aya zalembedwa mu "utumiki wosamalira".

Akale ndi tsogolo

Pachikhalidwe, chuma cha Belarus anali agrarian cholambira, amene ankaimba ndi kudula mitengo yofunika, malonda ndi ntchito zamanja. Chotero Republic, ndipo mpaka cha m'ma makumi awiri. Ndi 60 ntchentche anayamba kukula zachiwawa malonda, chifukwa yomanga amakampani latsopano chimphona akhala sitima ya gawo lonse, zina zamakono mafakitale, wayamba chitukuko cha madipoziti wachibadwa wa potashi , ndi mafuta.

Pankhaniyi, nchito zaulimi ndi anapitiriza osati malo apamwamba, koma akhala bwino kumayambiriro umisiri watsopano, chitukuko cha sayansi ulimi, kupezeka kwa zatsopano ulimi chifukwa makampani m'dera kupanga. mathirakitala wotchuka "Belarus" amatuluka mu Minsk, komanso anapezerapo yopanga ndi uthunthu wonse wa mayunitsi, kuyambira pa makina akufa pochita yosavuta zina zamakono kuphatikiza okololawo. Today Chibelarusi chuma - agrarian-mafakitale.

Belarus overdue structural kukonza. amatsimikiza luso mkulu mu ulimi ndi mafakitale, IT-mafakitale chitukuko zokopa alendo, ntchito kuthekera logistic monga pasenjala kumidzi, wamakono wa ulimi lagona pa zopezeka wamba yaiwisi, ndi zina zotero. D. boma ndikukhazikitsa wokondwa yaikulu yopezera ndalama, ntchito, waukulu umene akhoza kukhala nyumba chimphona mafakitale paki ya umisiri mkulu "Great mwala" pamodzi ndi zibwenzi Chinese. azimuth chofunika khama kuti kusiyanitsa chuma ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito ndi wochezeka zikulumikizana lotha ndi ndale ndi mayiko ndi zigawo zonse pa dziko.