Barium Oxide

Ntchito yowonjezereka kwambiri ya "babuum oxide" imachokera ku malo ake omwe amatha kupanga madzi. Ndicho chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji mu kupanga mankhwala monga gawo lopanga barium peroxide. M'makampani, okosijeni ndi ofunikira kwambiri popanga magetsi a ceramic. Kuonjezerapo, masiku ano, barium oxide, yomwe BaO, yapeza kwambiri ntchito yowonongeka ndi magetsi. Barium ferrate amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magnetoceramics, omwe amapezeka mwa kulowa mu mphamvu yamaginito pansi pa makina osakaniza a phalasitiki za barium ndi zitsulo zamkuwa.

Komabe, njira yaikulu yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyo kupanga makina a thermionic. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazo, wasayansi wina wochokera ku Germany, Venelt, anali kuphunzira lamulo la ma electron, limene posachedwapa linapeza ndi wofufuza wa ku Britain Richardson. Poyesera, Venelt amagwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za waya wa platinamu. Zotsatira zoyambirira zoyesera zatsimikiziranso zogwirizana zomwe zasankhidwa ndi afilosofi wa Chingerezi. Komano kuyeseraku kunalephera, ndipo Venelt ankanena kuti mawonekedwe a electron ndi apamwamba kwambiri kusiyana ndi kawirikawiri chifukwa pangakhale zonyansa pamwamba pa chinthu-platinamu. Anatsimikizira maganizo ake, Chiwombankhanga chinatsimikizira kuti gwero la kupotoka kwa ma electron ndi mchere wa barium, womwe umakhala pamwamba pa platinum monga gawo la magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera. Zomwe adagwiritsira ntchito chiwongolero zidapitirirebe kudziwika kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa anthu ophunzirira sangathe kuyesa kubwezeretsa zochitika zake. Zinatenga zaka pafupifupi zana kuti katswiri wa sayansi ya ku England Kohler atsimikizire kuti anali wolondola. Kohler chifukwa cha kafukufuku wambiri watsimikizira kuti ngati babuamu oksidi amatha kutenthedwa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ndiye kuti mphamvu ya thermionic imatuluka mofulumira.

M'zaka za m'ma 3000 zapitazo, katswiri wa zamalonda wa ku Germany, Paul, adawonetsa kuti mafotoni amayendetsedwa bwino chifukwa cha kusanganikirana kwa barium mu okusayidi. Pomwe akuchitapo kanthu, zomwe zimachitika pamtunda wochepa, mpweya wina umachokera ku okusayidi. Buluum otsala amawunikira ndipo motero amathandiza kuonekera kwa magetsi omasuka. Ma electrononi awa ndiwo omwe anasiya makonzedwe a kristalo pamene atenthedwa ndi chomwe Chiwombankhanga chidanenapo kale.

Ndipo kunali kumayambiriro kwa theka lachiwiri la zaka zapitazo kuti kutsimikizika kwa lingaliro limeneli potsiriza kunatsimikiziridwa. Akatswiri a zamagetsi A. Bundel ndi P. Kovtun (USSR) sankatha kuzindikira kuti palibenso zoperewera za barium mu okusakani, komanso kuyerekezeratu kuyesa kwake ndi mtengo wa thermoemission flux. Ichi ndichifukwa chake bhalaum oxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala opangira mankhwala a thermionic. Chitsanzo ndi mtanda wa electron, umene umapanga chithunzi pawindo la TV yochepetsera kapena kompyuta. Monga gwero la mtsinjewo, okusamu oxide amachita pano.

Ngati mankhwalawa ayesedwa kuti asungunuke m'madzi, zimapezeka kuti bariamu oxide imayimirira ndi madzi mukamaliza kuyamwa. Izi zimapanga barium hydroxide , ufa wonyezimira ndi 78 ° C. Mgwirizano umenewu umagwirizana kwambiri ndi carbon dioxide, motero njira yowononga madzi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "barite water", imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri monga reagent ya carbon dioxide.

Monga chiyambi chofunikira ndi chofunikira, chigawochi ndi gawo la zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, mafuta ndi mafuta. Ntchito imeneyi ya barium oxide inanenedweratu ndi D.I. Mendeleev.