Brazil: zachilengedwe. Mchere ndi Makampani Brazil

Brazil - dziko waukulu mu Latin America, amene amatenga pafupifupi theka ndi ku America South. Kummawa, kumpoto, ndi nyanja ya Atlantic. Brazil, zachilengedwe ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana - Dziko yabwino kwa ulimi ndi moyo wa anthu.

mpumulo

Kumpoto kwa dziko ndi Amazon m'zigwa. Pang'onopang'ono amakhala atazunguliridwa ndi ovuta phompho anagubuduza zigwa za Guiana okwera. Pafupifupi m'dera lonse la otsala a dziko ali wotanganidwa ndi yachonde Brazil, mkuuka kumpoto, kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera steeply pa Saroni Atlantic. Kumadzulo kwa lokwera yotsalira ndi magulu Atlantic dera anatambasula lamba monoklinarno-mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe zigwa; kumpoto ndi pakati chimakhala chogwidwa ndi zigwa socle ndi zitunda zathyathyathya, interspersed ndi zitunda zathyathyathya.

nyengo

Brazil amakhala ndi nyengo otentha. zachilengedwe kwakukulukulu chifukwa nyengo. The mwezi pafupifupi kutentha ranges ku madigiri 16 mpaka 29, ndi kokha pa magulu mkulu kum'mawa zotheka yozizira koopsa. Komabe, dziko lomwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo ndi mpweya ankhanza.

madzi kumtunda

Ponena za zinthu zachilengedwe la Brazil, tisaiwale ndi wandiweyani kwambiri mtsinje maukonde. Amazon dongosolo irrigates lonse Amazon dera, kumpoto Brazil ndi kum'mwera kwa Guiana okwera. Kum'mwera kwa mapiri Brazil yothiriridwa machitidwe a mitsinje Parana ndi Uruguay, kumadzulo - mtsinje Paraguay, kum'mawa - mtsinje San Francisco. Awa okha Amazon ndi kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa ake makhwawa chaka odzaza madzi.

Pakuti mitsinje ya ku Brazil okwera amakhala ndi kusinthasintha lalikulu mu madzi ndi madzi osefukira. mtsempha wamagazi madzi yachonde ndi nkhokwe ndithu hydropower Komabe, zambiri yodutsira yekha pa mtunda waufupi.

Zomera ndi dothi

M'dziko lolamuliridwa ndi nkhalango lateritic (ferralitnyh) dothi wofiira. malo oyamba mu nkhokwe dziko la yolimba amatenga Brazil. zachilengedwe mu chigawo chakumadzulo cha Amazon kuperekedwa ndi yobiriwira wandiweyani chinyezi nkhalango kunyanja, ndi mitengo yofunika kwambiri (kuposa 4 zikwi mitundu), umene ndi lateritic dothi podzolic.

Pa mapiri amalemba ndi Brazil ndi Guiana okwera, kufalitsa chifukwa cha nyengo deciduous ndi yobiriwira nkhalango youma, podzoleniya ndondomeko m'nthaka ndi osakhazikika ndi ofooka. Similar mitundu ya zomera ndi nthaka, kutenga nkhani altitudinal mabacteria ndi khalidwe la mumawomba mphepo kwabasi, ndi kum'mawa, ndi ranges mkulu ndi mapiri a ku Brazil okwera. Otsetsereka kumadzulo makamaka yodziwika nkhalango yonyowa nyengo. Center yachonde wotanganidwa ndi m'tchire pa dothi wofiira lateritic, ambiri melkoderevnye shrubby savannah. Ili m'mphepete mwa mitsinje zomera m'nkhalango, ilo limakula wapatali carnauba sera kanjedza. Kumpoto yachonde wotanganidwa theka chipululu ochepa ongokhala zitsamba zokoma ndi Xerophytic ndi mitengo mu dothi red-bulauni ndi pabuka-bulauni. Pakuti kum'mwera uniformly lonyowa yodziwika ndi masamba obiriwira, kuphatikizapo nkhalango deciduous wa ku Brazil conifer Araucaria. Mu otsika anayala bezderevnye busa m'tchire pa red-wakuda mtunda.

dziko nyama

A zosiyanasiyana lalikulu la zomera akhoza zimachitika zosiyanasiyana zinthu zachilengedwe ndi kukula kwambiri m'gawo limene mukukhala Brazil. Review wa zinyama mu zinthu zosiyanasiyana ali osiyana, chifukwa ngakhale taxonomists zina kusagwirizana pa gulu la nyama tikukhala mu dziko. Aonane panthaŵi inayake kuzindikiridwa mtundu watsopano, pa nthawi yofanana ndi anthu ena, mwatsoka, kufa.

A m'mayiko onse Brazil yodziwika kwambiri kuchuluka Kanyaniko mitundu (pafupifupi 77 mi) ndi nsomba madzi oyera (oposa 3 zikwi). Malinga ndi chiwerengero cha achule dziko panambala m'dziko chiwerengero cha ya mbalame - lachitatu, chiwerengero cha mitundu ya nyama zokwawa - wachisanu. Nyama zambiri zikutha, makamaka okhala ku zimadalirana kuti tsopano anawononga pamlingo waukulu, monga Atlantic Forest.

chuma Brazil

Chifukwa mkulu mlingo wa chitukuko cha malonda mafakitale ndi migodi, ulimi, gawo ntchito ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu ntchito mawu a GDP, Brazil ndi zambiri patsogolo mayiko ena onse Latin American. Panopa, iye anapitiriza zambiri pamaso m'misika dziko. Waukulu katundu mankhwala - khofi, ndege, magalimoto, chitsulo miyala, soya, zitsulo, lalanje madzi, nsapato, zovala, shuga, zida zamagetsi.

chuma Brazil ndi yosiyanasiyana ndipo ali ilipoyi zimasiyana kwambiri m'madera. Pa mwayi wa akuchita malonda a mumzindawo ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake. Ngakhale chuma cha boma ndi ndithu akupangidwa kwambiri mavuto chitukuko adakali mavuto ambiri umphawi, kusaphunzira ndi ziphuphu.

Brazil chuma Zothandiza

Dziko umabala mitundu woposa makumi anayi a mchere. Zofunika kwambiri ndi manganese ndi zitsulo. Choncho, chaka kubala matani oposa mamiliyoni mazana awiri zitsulo, umene pafupifupi 80 peresenti zimagulitsidwa. boma Bauxite ndi amodzi mwa malo oyamba mu dziko. Mchere Brazil kuperekedwa monga madipoziti mkuwa, nthaka, faifi tambala amene ntchito msika zoweta. Dziko ndi njira zofunika zipangizo: niobium, tungsten, Mica, zirconium. Kufunika pacaka mafuta ndi matani 75 miliyoni, anapereka hafu chabe, kotero Brazil amakakamizidwa kuitanitsa izo. The Amazon mu 1970 ndi. anapeza nkhokwe yaikulu ya golide, Tsopano kupanga ake ndi pafupifupi 80 tonnes pa chaka. madipoziti khala zimapezekanso, koma zopangira zabwino kwenikweni, chaka kupanga ake ndi za 5 miliyoni matani.

makampani

The ambiri otukuka makampani Brazil ndi anaikira mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kwa dziko. Dera osaukitsitsa akuti ndi kumpoto, kum'mawa, koma tsopano wayamba kukopa ndalama. m'mayiko Latin American Brazil ndi ambiri anayamba mafakitale gawo, amapanga gawo limodzi la GDP. boma limapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira zitsulo, magalimoto ndi mafuta ndege, makompyuta ndi katundu ogula.

Kuposa kotala ya GDP chimakwirira makampani opanga ku Brazil. The mafakitale chachikulu - mafuta kuyenga komanso kupanga mankhwala. Pambuyo United States of America ndi sewerolo waukulu wa bioethanol, amene amathandiza pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya kufunika kwa mafuta. Pakuti refueling magalimoto ku Brazil, Mowa ntchito monga mtundu oyera kapena wothira mafuta. The zopangira kupanga ake amachita monga nzimbe. Makampani ku Brazil chaka kubala Mowa kuchuluka kwa malita biliyoni 16-20.

Chaka chilichonse, oposa 1.5 magalimoto opangidwa mu dziko. The opanga yaikulu - kampani "Mercedes-Benz", "Scania", "Fiat".

Nthambi zikuluzikulu za makampani kuwala - nsalu. Brazil ndi 6-7 kupanga mankhwala nsalu mu dziko. Pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya thonje ali kunja kwa kunja, chifukwa khalidwe otsika zipangizo Brazil yaiwisi.

Komanso, chitukuko cha mafakitale nsapato - ndi zomera kuposa 4 zikwi yopanga nsapato.

pomaliza

Mwa mayiko Latin American, lingathe apamwamba a zachuma, mosakaika, ali Brazil. The zachilengedwe a dziko lino amapereka mwayi waukulu kukula. Komabe, monga koma dziko amakhala ndi zosiyanasiyana ndithu mu ndalama ndi kusiyana kwakukulu mu mlingo wa chitukuko cha madera kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa.