Bromeliads zomera: mwachidule, zizindikiro ndi zofunika chisamaliro

A banja yaikulu Bromeliads (poyamba unkatchedwa chinanazi) ali mamembala a mitundu zoposa zikwi ziwiri. Bromeliads - maluwa zomera monocots m'gulu poales dongosolo.

inafikira

Bromeliads chomera banja imalengeza ku kotentha la North ndi South America, Africa. Iwo alipo ambiri otentha mabacteria kwambiri nyengo ya America, ku chipululu kwa nkhalango chinyezi yobiriwira.
M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, bromeliads kukhazikika pa nthaka ya makungwa analephera mtengo ndipo ngakhale miyala.

Chifukwa deta zachilendo njira, zomera zonse ndi dongosolo m'malo ofooka mizu. Ngakhale mitundu kukula pansi, akudya kuchokera m'nthaka, monga zomera kwambiri.

mafotokozedwe

Bromeliads - zomera monocarpic. Iwo mwake kovuta kwambiri, nthawi zambiri masamba prickly. Pa maluwa, nthawi zambiri masamba pang'ono utoto mitundu yowala ndi zokongoletsa ndi original kunyumba kwa miyezi 2-3.

Ambiri a mitundu a otchedwa zomera mosungiramo: ali yopapatiza masamba leathery pamodzi kubwereketsa, ndipo ndipamene posungira. Mu nyuzi amenewa amatenga madzi kugwa ndipo kenako tizilombo akuphedwa. Choncho anapanga zatsalira organic, amene kudya zomera. Mbali imeneyi chofunika kuganizira pamene kukula mamembala ambiri a banja. Mwachitsanzo, Guzman ayenera madzi ndi ukala okha kubwereketsa lapansi. Maonekedwe omwewo ndiwo khalidwe la kriptanusa, vriezy, neoregelia, ehmei.

Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka wa banja ndi chinanazi. Pamodzi ndi kriptantusom amalimako pansi, kupeza chakudya zonse zofunika dothi.
Nthawi zambiri kunyumba, zomera mwakula pa chidutswa cha mtengo epiphytic. Chifukwa ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi choyambirira nyimbo. The snag akalumikidzidwa whimsical kupanga recess, mudzaze ndi kuwala earthy gawo lapansi ndi zomera anabzala. Mizu ya chivundikirocho pamwamba ndi Moss, amene ayenera nthawi zonse moisturize.

Musadabwe ngati pamene kugula pa chizindikiro zomera za banja, muyenera kuona "Bromeliads mix." Potted zomera, makamaka mu apadera unyolo ritelo pamodzi dzina wamba.

Popeza zinthu zachilengedwe, mitundu kukula pa m'matanthwe, kunyumba floriculture iwo akuyesera kuti akonze zinthu succulents - anaika pa mawindo kum'mwera, ndi kupereka wokongola ochepa okwanira.

Bromeliads zomera: zoyimira ndi makhalidwe

zomera zonse za banja akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu malingana ndi malo awo. M'chigawo chino tidzayesetsa kuti ndifotokoze zimene zimagwidwa bromeliads.

thanki bromeliads

Pakati pa gulu ili pali zomera zambiri ndi masamba okongola wachikuda ndi lalikulu masamba yowala. Zikuphatikizapo: Gusman, vrieziyu, neoregelia, kriptantus, buluu Tillandsia, ehmeyu. zomera ndi nyuzi woboola pakati Rosette masamba leathery yopapatiza. Ku likulu lake kukudza mkulu kukwera inflorescence. Masamba kupanga kubwereketsa kotero mwamphamvu moyandikana wina ndi mzake, kupanga mosungiramo imene madzi likamva.

Ambiri mwa zomera ndi a ku nkhalango American, kumene kukula pansi nkhalango kapena mitengo. Mizu mu nkhani iyi, ndi mbali za mtundu wa nangula, atanyamula maluwa pa mtengo. Zitsulo zimatenga zaka zingapo maluwa ndi maluwa wokha ukhoza kwa miyezi ingapo kubwereketsa zazikulu wamwalira ndi m'malo kukula kumbuyo m'munsi mwa mphukira pambali.

Chikoka cha inflorescence izi bracts Ufumuyo zoyambirira, maluwa okha ziridi ang'ono ndi sakhalitsa. Mbali chisamaliro zomera chidebe ndi kuthirira: kuthira madzi zofewa ayenera nyuzi, ndiyeno ochepa moisten nyemba zanu. Mu chisamaliro kunyumba kusalola madzi kukhalabe hopper kwa nthawi yaitali: masamba lidzawola, makamaka ndi kuchepa lakuthwa kutentha.

Mu bromeliads epiphytic nyumba zomera wokongola osaya mizu, kotero iwo ayenera anabzala moti m'khola gawo lapansi ndi. madzi dothi zomera ndi zoopsa.

mumlengalenga

zomera bromeliads amakonda kusamukira ku yaikulu minga nkhadze malekezero a nthambi za mitengo, ndi zina zotero. N. Iwo ofooka mizu, ndi zina, mizu ndi sunayambe konse. Bright masamba iwo sizichitika, koma mawonekedwe a zomera yosiyanasiyana.

Ambiri ndi odziwika zomera za gulu - imvi Tillandsia. Mu pompo-pompo amalandira m'malovu madzi mame kapena nkhungu Kuthetsa pa masamba. Chakudya kukonzekera kwa particles fumbi. Sayenera madzi, koma kwa atomizer kuti utsi madzi zofewa. Atmospheric bromeliads zomera kwambiri kuwala, koma anabalalika. Iwo safuna wapadera dothi substratum bwino kukonza iwo pa choyikapo kukongoletsa.

mitundu lapadziko

zomera bwino chinayambika mizu, kotero chisamaliro iwo alibe kumasiyana ambiri houseplants. Leaf minofu, makamaka mitundu m'chipululu kudziunjikira chinyezi, kotero iwo ndi minofu kwambiri, yosalala ndi chonyezimira. Kuthirira zomera tikusowa zolimbitsa, sayenera kuloledwa madzi gawo lapansi.

Madzi ulimi wothirira ndi kukhala ofewa. Phunziroli kwa bromeliads lapadziko ayenera kukhala ndi paini makungwa, pepala chisanadze comminuted nthaka, humus ndi lalikulu mtsinje mchenga (4: 1: 2: 1). kuti amafuna kuyatsa kwa mitundu izi zimadalira zinthu zimene iwo anachita kunyumba: Pineapples muyenera dzuwa ndi kriptantusy pansi amakonda mthunzi.

Bromeliads nyumba zomera ndi kusamalira iwo

Poyamba, ife timathandiza ena mitundu otchuka mwa zomera zosowa, ndiyeno ife kulankhula za mmene kukwaniritsa chotero maluwa okongola, monga anaika zithunzi nkhani. Kusamalira mitundu awa ndi chithunzithunzi.

chinanazi

Mwina odziwika houseplant wa banja ili. Ambiri owerenga tidziwe ndi zipatso zazikulu zofanana kugundana kwa. Ndipo florist odziwa amadziwa kuti kunyumba chinanazi ndi chitsamba chilichonse yaing'ono, masamba yaitali chakuthwa amakonda kutentha ndi dzuwa, kutsitsi ndi kuthirira wochuluka. anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti kukula izi maluwa zosowa akhoza kukhala ku nsonga zipatso, amene amagulitsidwa ku sitolo.

billbergia

Ndithu undemanding chomera zazitali, likugwera pansi masamba. Izo limamasula kamodzi kokha moyo. masamba utoto mu wolemera mtundu wobiriwira, pang'ono serrated m'mphepete. zomera ayenera lowala kuunikira ndi chinyezi zolimbitsa. Billbergia undemanding kwa madzi, ndi kupulumuka popanda umuna, tillage ndi njira chisamaliro ena.

Vrieziya

zomera ndi zomera bwino kwa anthu amene kale ena zinachitikira kukula bromeliads epiphytes. Ikani osati mu nthaka, ndipo pa thundu mitengo, mphesa kuthawa kapena mbali ina ya mbewu.

Vriezii amafuna chinyezi mkulu ndi wofatsa kuteteza madzi ulimi wothirira, amene ayenera kukhala odziletsa. mmera madzi mu Rosette masamba. M'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi si stagnate.

Hecht

Izi mitundu lapadziko wa bromeliads, kotero mbewu zikuchititsa kuti amafuna kuti akhale pa kapangidwe wa nthaka: zikhale zosavuta ndi thanzi. Hecht amafuna pafupipafupi kwambiri kumasula ndi kuthirira wochuluka. Iye amakonda dzuwa (ngakhale cheza mwachindunji) ndi mpweya youma, ngakhale bromeliads kwambiri zinthu zimenezi savutika.

Guzman

Chomera ndipamene kubwereketsa zolimba za chidwi masamba yaitali. Zimafunika chinyezi mkulu, kuthirira wochuluka bwino anayatsa malo, koma n'kofunika kuphimba zomera ku cheza cha mwachindunji dzuwa. Zima limamasula yowala inflorescences kodzionetsela, amene ayenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga pamene iwo anayamba youma.

neoregelia

Duwa ali ndi masamba yaitali - 35 masentimita, limene lili Rosette wandiweyani amene m'munsi pamaso maluwa blushes. Neoregelia zimaonetseratu mu malo owala, kumene si poyera kuti kuwala dzuwa. Kuthirira mbewu mu nthaka, ndi kotentha masiku dzuwa, mungathe kuthira madzi kubwereketsa lapansi.

Care bromeliads

Kuti izi zosowa zomera maluwa, mwini Pakufunika zinthu zina ndi kuleza mtima, koma ndi wosavuta kusamalira zomera kale maluwa. Pakuti kusintha kwa maluwa amafuna ndi mkulu kutentha (osachepera +25 ° C), zomera kale maluwa ndi wofatsa zokwanira, koma sayenera kusiya kuti +12 ° C.

bromeliads ambiri amafuna kuyatsa kuwala. A m'banjali sangakhoze kulekerera madzi gawo lapansi, ndi iwo ayenera ngalande wabwino. nthaka madzi pokhapo uphwetsa. Mitundu kuti musati kupanga rosettes, nthaka ayenera kukhala amtengo lonyowa. Kupopera yokambirana mitundu yambiri yekha m'chilimwe.
zomera kudyetsedwa ndi kupopera masamba, kotero nthawi m'malo madzi mu sprayer kuvala (madzi).

Mu chikhalidwe, zomera ndi pafupifupi palibe zakudya. Bromeliad fetereza zomera ntchito mchere yekha, ndipo maganizo awo ayenera kukhala kasanu zosakwana kalozera akuonetsa zomera zina.

Awonjezere mbewu mphukira, wosawoneka pansi. M'pofunika kudikira kuti nthawi atamwalira wa zitsulo mpaka mphukira. Njira pa zaka miyezi awiri kapena atatu obzalidwa mu gawo lapansi opepuka ndi Kuyika ali ofunda.

mtengo bromeliad

Kupanga ake akufunika kulimbikitsidwa mu chidebe anasankha snag ndi miyala komanso pulasitala. Kodi kukhazikitsa vertically kapena obliquely. Aposa chidebe yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi kapena ntchito zokongoletsa yaing'ono miyala wachikuda. Pakuti "mtengo" mbewu yabwino ndi amphamvu nyuzi-kubwereketsa.

The zomera amasankhidwa ndi kuchotsedwa miphika, ndi mizu atakulungidwa mu sphagnum Moss ndi chikuni choyandama nthambi primatyvayut kuti waya kutetezedwa polima insulated. maluwa mmodzi kapena awiri akhoza kuyika mu chidebe. Rosette maluwa ayenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi nthawi zonse, ndipo pa masiku asanu ndi mizu atakulungidwa ndi Moss, sprayed ndi madzi zofewa.