Capercaillie Common: kufotokoza, chithunzi

Capercaillie - mmodzi wa mbalame yaikulu kuti moyo mu nkhalango. misa ukufika makilogalamu 5. Wamba grouse ali maina angapo: Mokhovikov wogontha grouse, Moshnikov. Izi mbalame fizanti banja (Galliformes dongosolo).

A pang'ono za mitundu ya grouse

Wamba capercaillie - woimira mmodzi wa mitundu lalikulu la wildfowl. View Capercaillie wamba ogaŵikana 3 boma mitundu: oyera-bellied nkhuni grouse, tikukhala mu zigawo kum'mawa ndi chapakati Russia; mdima nayonso, kukhala mbali ya kum'mawa, ndi kumpoto kwa dziko; Black-Western European (mu nkhalango madera kumadzulo kwa dziko).

Capercaillie Common: photos, ikulongosola

Capercaillie - mbalame waukulu wa grouse (subfamily).

Ku ziwalo zina za mchira ndi osiyana, kwambiri adzakhale ndi zachilendo nthenga elongated pakhosi pake.

Wood grouse nthenga ndi mdima ndi kafungo zachitsulo, ofiira owala eyebrow nthenga pansi pa mulomo ngati "ndevu". grouse Female kuwala kuposa akuda (osakaniza dzimbiri chikasu, dzimbiri-bulauni, dzimbiri yofiira ndi woyera). Ndipo mmero wake, chapamwamba mbali ya chifuwa ndi mbali ya phiko ali rzhavovogo mtundu wofiira.

Capercaillie wamba - mbalame kukula kwa zomwe amuna ndi akazi amasiyana kwambiri. Amuna 110 masentimita kapena zambiri, mapiko awo ndi kutalika kwa 1.4 mamita Akazi kuli -. 1/3. mwamuna mutu blackish. Khosi pa mbali kumbuyo ndi phulusa-imvi papezeka wakuda, ndi kutsogolo - imvi wakuda. Mtundu blackish kumbuyo ndi mawanga imvi bulauni. Pachifuwa ali ndi mtundu Kamaoneka wa zitsulo, mbali m'munsi ali ndi mawanga oyera ndi wakuda. Mchira ndi wakuda ndi mawanga woyera, zofiirira mapiko. Mlomo ndi zoyera ndi pinki.

Kugawa malo

Capercaillie amakhala wamba zambiri mu nkhalango coniferous, wosakaniza ndi deciduous la Europe ndi ku Asia.

Zochita mbalame zimenezi amangokhala, koma zimachitika kuti amapanga ndi migrations nyengo.

Kalekale, zomangira mphunzitsi ankachiritsa mu nkhalango zonse Europe ndi ku Asia, kum'mawa Siberia ku Trans-Baikal (kumadzulo gawo). Mu 18-20 zaka TH kuchuluka ndi malo a capercaillie achepetsa, ndi m'madera ena ngakhale mbalame mbisoweka. Pofika m'ma 18 m'zaka mu UK, mbalame anaziwonongeratu. Koma kenako mu 1837, capercaillie wamba kachiwiri anayambitsa ndi uko ku Sweden ndi mwangwiro Anapitirizabe.

Pa gawo Russian, mogwirizana ndi kudula nkhalango zambiri, capercaillie anthu anayamba abwerere kwa kumpoto kwa dzikolo, ndipo m'madera ena kum'mwera kwa malo awo nkhalango (Tula, Voronezh, Kursk, etc.). Mbalame zinafa kwathunthu. Kupatula Russia ndi Sweden, capercaillie akhoza kupezeka Greece, Spain, ndi Alps, ndi Carpathians, mu Asia Minor ndi pakati mapiri German.

Grouse amakonda kwambiri m'madera akutali m'nkhalango.

Khalidwe la kasupe mbalame tokovanie, kumene kumachitika makamaka mitengo. Achikhalire mbali yapadera ali grouse vulgaris.

Khalidwe ndi zizolowezi

Mu chilimwe, kuoneka mu grouse molt. Panthawi imeneyi, iwo kuuluka mu nkhalango makamaka wandiweyani.

Mu nthawi otere anamuona pa mbalame khalidwe achilendo: nthaŵi anakweza mchira ndipo anatsitsanso mutu wake, inunso, anawuka ndipo kudzaza, pamene pang'onopang'ono kuyendera nthambi.

Childs, capercaillie pa nthawi ino kwambiri kufotokoza amayimba amakhala osamva nthawi zina. Choncho dzina: capercaillie. Mkazi, nayenso ifika kuti panopa, pamene mating chikuchitika, kenako kusiya ndipo anakonza zoti mu malo akutali kwambiri ndi moti nkhalango kumene molt awo.

Capercaillie wamba nthawi limapezeka mu nkhalango wosanganiza ndi deciduous. Ndimakonda mbalame izi ndi bogs Moss, amene ali olemera mu zosiyanasiyana zipatso.

Zouluka mbalame kuchisenza, phokoso, nthawi zambiri mokweza kukupiza mapiko awo, ndipo makamaka amapanga ndege yaing'ono.

Kutacha grouse amathera pansi ndi ogona pa nthambi za mtengo. Nthawi zambiri izo akungoganiza mwamakani ndi maonekedwe a nyama zina. Pali milandu kuti nthawi zina grouse anayesa kuukira agalu ndi zina za pakhomo nyama zing'onozing'ono (nkhani Norway anthu).

Capercaillie wamba m'malo yochenjera ali kumva kwambiri ndipo maso. Choncho, kusaka imatengedwa kukhala kovuta.

chidzukulu

The kuganizira kwa mibadwo lagona pa mkazi. Iye limakonza chisa pansi, nthawi zambiri ikayamba matchire ndi mitengo akugwa, lomwe m'tsogolo niikira. Complete zowalamulira zambiri imakhala za 5-16 mazira.

The wamkazi amawaumbatira mazira yekha. Nayenso kupitirizabe kusamalira ANAPIYE: umafunda, amateteza kwa adani.

chakudya

Mtundu waukulu chakudya grouse mu kasupe ndi chilimwe nyengo ndi mphukira wa zomera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, masamba mitengo, masamba, udzu, zipatso, mbewu ndi tizilombo. M'dzinja mbalame kudyetsa makamaka pa singano larch, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira iwo amakopeka spruce ndi paini masingano ndi impso. Kodi anapiye kudya zakudya zapadera za akangaude ndi tizilombo.

Pomaliza

Wamba grouse ndi chimodzi chofunika kwambiri mitundu malonda alenje. Pa nkhani imeneyi, m'madera ambiri monga Russia ndi mayiko ena a dziko lapansi, anthu osowa ndithu wokhalamo, koma penapake palimodzi osaonekanso, ndi tsopano anatengedwa miyeso zosiyanasiyana kuteteza mitundu.

Capercaillie wamba mayina a Red Book of Russia ndi dera Tula. M'pofunika kumbukirani onse amene mukufuna kusaka.

Mopitilira yeretsani kukula, ndende, ndipo anapatsidwa udindo wa mbalame mu Russia zimalira kufufuza zambiri ndi yaitali.