Natural zipilala za Krasnodar Gawo. Lakes, mathithi Krasnodar Gawo (chithunzi)

Tsopano ayamba wotchuka Eco-zokopa alendo, cholinga chimene ali zodutsa m'midzi zachilengedwe ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe.

M'nkhani ino inu Adzaperekedwa zipilala achilengedwe a Krasnodar Gawo. Tonse amasirira nyanja ya zidzasintha, kuphunzira dongosolo la mathithi ndi m'mapanga, kuyang'ana pa zodabwitsazi chidwi, ngati mwala nyanja.

ndi zipilala zachilengedwe chiyani?

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu akuti anaonekera mu wofufuza wotchuka Aleksandra Gumboldta. Koma kenako odzipereka kwambiri kwa anataya zinthu ndi sayansi.

Today analenga gulu bwino, lomwe limasonyeza osati chipilala limabweretsa ichi kapena mtundu umenewo, koma momveka bwino amene ali osowa chitetezo kapena wamtengo wapatali.

Choncho, kuzindikira magulu otsatirawa: zipilala zachilengedwe, nkhokwe chilengedwe, malo osungirako zachilengedwe ndi malo osungirako zachilengedwe.

Nzosadabwitsa chiwerengero cha alendo ikukula lero pa maulendo a zokopa achilengedwe. Ndipotu kokha kuno adzatha kumasuka, kutenga woyang'anira vivacity, tambasulani ndi kulimbikitsa minofu, kudzilimbitsa wamanjenje dongosolo.

Abrau

Lonena za zipilala achilengedwe a Krasnodar Gawo, makamaka ofunika kukhala on Lake Abrau. Ndi yaikulu madzi posungira m'deralo. M'litali chimachititsa makilomita oposa awiri, ndipo m'lifupi - mamita zana. Est padziko dera - mahekitala 180.

Nyanjayi ndi pamwamba pa nyanja pamalo okwera mamita 84. Iwo undrained mwachitsanzo, amagwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje, koma madzi ambiri si ikuyenda. Njira yaikulu ya otaya madzimadzi - evaporating.

Zolemba mozama tsopano zimasiyanasiyana mamita 11. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale mu zaka za m'ma otsiriza, pansi nyanja mamita 30 m'madzimo. Koma chifukwa chakuti madzi ndi gulu lililonse, nyanja Abrau silting.

Lero ndi vuto lalikulu la chipilala zachilengedwezi, monga madzi ake ntchito zosowa banja la m'deralo. Ntchito yofuna pa ntchito yomanga damu kwa chitayiko msampha ndi sindikupatsani kugwera n'nyanza. Komanso, nthawi zina mwayeretsa kuchokera sludge pansi.

Malinga ndi nthano wamba, nyanja unakhazikitsidwa pa malo a analephera m'mudzi mobisa. anthu ake akhala olemera ndi odzitukumula kuti iwo anaganiza kuti pakhale njira nyanja ya ndalama za golide ndi siliva. Pakuti Ambuye napukuta m'mudzi pa mapu mudzaze beseni ndi madzi. Kwenikweni, dzina la nyanja amachokera Abkhaz mawu "Abrau" kutanthauza "dzenje".

Masiku ano, ofufuza za izi chipilala mkangano zachilengedwe za mosungiramo mapangidwe njira. Pali Mabaibulo atatu.

Malinga ndi ganizo loperekedwa choyamba, Abrau nyanja unakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa karst. Koma Akatswiriwa simukugwirizana nazo izo, chifukwa nyanja karst zambiri anakonza m'magulu, ndipo amene ali mmodzi. Komanso chikhalidwe cha pansi silinachirikize chiphunzitsochi.

Baibulo chachiwiri - ndi maganizo oti dziwe ndi otsalira a kamodzi analipo dziwe lalikulu Cimmerian. Kupezeka kwa nsomba madzi pang'ono, chikutsimikizira kungolota izi, koma kuunikira pa chiyambi cha maganizo.

Waukulu ndi ambiri wodalirika Baibulo akuti ndi chibvomezi Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga kapena anasintha zina za matanthwe a pansi padziko. Malinga amanena, panali chiwonongeko, amene oletsedwa njira ya Abrau mtsinje m'Nyanja Black. Chifukwa, nyanja unakhazikitsidwa.
Pakalibe mapiri atali, kumene Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga zingachitike - chifukwa chokha chimene chapangitsa Mabaibulo ena. Choncho, kufufuza nkhani wotseguka.

Kardyvach

Aliyense amene akufuna kuona zipilala ya cholowa chikhalidwe achilengedwe a Krasnodar Gawo, chabe ayenera kukaona nyanja Kardyvach. Ichi ndi thupi wokongola wa madzi m'madera amenewa. Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita 44 kuchokera Krasnaya Polyana m'chigawo cha Sochi Adler.

Kardyvach - otaya-kudzera nyanja. The mtsinje wakudya izo, amatchedwa Mzimta. mosungiramo kutalika pafupifupi theka kilometre, m'lifupi - mamita 350-360, pazipita kuya - mamita 17. Malowa ali pamtunda pamalo okwera mamita 1838 pamwamba pa nyanja, atazungulira otsetsereka a ku Main Caucasus.

M'mphepete mwa nyanja munakwanisa kuona nsonga monga Loyub, Tsyndyshho, Kardyvach (waukulu ndipo Nangula). dziwe South-kum'mawa m'mphepete mwa lokwera Kuteheku.

Magwero a nyanja - moraine-kusiya. Pamene glacier anasamukira, analenga beseni ndi zokhoma izo moraine. M'kupita kwa nthawi, chifukwa polandirira msonkho wa zinyalala za miyala ndi matope, madzi kukhala ang'onoang'ono.

Ngakhale Upper Mzimta ndi chakudya Kardyvach nyanja kwathunthu bezrybnoe monga pambuyo pake mathithi ili.

Ngati tikwera mtsinje, mukhoza kukhala pafupi pamwamba Kardyvach. M'nyanja, ngakhale tsiku lotentha chilimwe akuyandama makombo a oundana, zomwe kwathunthu chimakwirira pamwamba pa miyezi kwambiri.

Agura mathithi

Zovuta zipilala zachilengedwe a dera Krasnodar musatisiye aliyense osayanjanitsika. Aliyense amene anapita mathithi awa, musaiwale kukongola ndi ulemerero achilengedwe.

Iwo zili chigawo cha Sochi Khosta. Pali mwa njira alendo, ophunzira amasirira maganizo chigulu cha mathithi atatu ndi phiri Akhun.

Ambiri, mtunda kuchokera oyamba chinthu otsiriza za awiri makilomita. Tiyeni mudziwe zambiri za Agura mathithi.

Choncho Pansi imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. The oyamba - khumi ndi wachiwiri - mamita khumi. Ngati mukuyenda njira, amene akuyamba ku wosasintha Mdyerekezi, mpaka woyamba mathithi mtunda adzakhala makilomita pafupifupi imodzi ndi theka.

Avereji Augursky mathithi ali pamtunda wa kilometre theka kuchokera wotsika. kutalika kwake ndi mamita 23. Ili pang'ono pamwamba pa siteji chapamwamba, kutalika amene mamita 23.

Mathithi yamasika amapereka maganizo chigulu cha Mphungu Rock. Amakhulupirira kuti pali kamodzi Prometheus anamangiriridwa ndi kuzunzidwa iye mphungu. Pa njira, mungathe kuona chipilala cha ngwazi lanthano.

zipilala Natural nthawi zina wodzilemekeza ndi cholowa chikhalidwe cha anthu, amene amalenga zotsatira zidzasintha.

Salt nyanja

chinthu chotsatira ili pa Taman chilumba. Ndi kwathunthu ndi dzina lake, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi 350-400 ppm. Ndiko kuti, pa lita imodzi ya madzi kutenga 400 magalamu a mchere. Mwachitsanzo: mu Nyanja Yakufa ndi amenewa chomwecho.

Ina ya Kuban estuary, chifukwa shallowing wa nyanja ndi kugwa kwa yamasika, nyanja chikusonyeza ndondomeko ya n'kupanga saltwater lagoon.

Pa maps of m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, komabe chigawo chimodzi cha Kuban estuary, kenako - gawo Bugaz estuary. Pa maps of zaka 1850-1912 ndi nyanja, ngakhale ankatchedwa ndiye dzina la Bay lapansi. Kale mu zaka mazana makumi awiri, pamene maphunziro a anatsimikizira kuyenera ake, dziwe zinadziwika amenewa.

Zidzasintha maganizo zokopa mapiri yapafupi. Kenako tikambirana ena a zipilala za chilengedwe. malo otetezedwa, monga inu muwona posachedwapa, kawirikawiri kuonetsa chuma chawo pachionetsero.

Kuwaona ku phiri nyanja zikuwoneka chachikulu komanso chozama. M'litali imodzi ndi makilomita theka, ndipo m'lifupi - kilometre. Inu amamvetsa azithunzithunzi wa chipilala kumene adzapita pansi pafupi. Kuya kwa Wamkulu Salt Lake ndi masentimita 10 okha!

Koma dziwe si chuma madipoziti coarse mchere. Mtengo waukulu wa nyanza - shestidesyatisantimetrovy wosanjikiza machiritso matope.

Pamene asayansi anatulukira ndi kufufuza madipoziti awa, madzi pomwepo anadza kukuteteza boma. Ndipotu, muli oposa 200 zikwi kiyubiki mamita wa haidrojeni sulfide chithandizo kasakaniza!

Kukongola achisangalalo zachilengedwezi ndi gombe, lomwe limasiyanitsa nyanja ndi Black Sea. m'lifupi ndi za zana meters, kutalika - makilomita 40! Iwo umachokera kwa Anapa wokutidwa laling'ono khwatsi mchenga.

nyanja Khanskoye

Ponena zipilala kumuteteza ndiponso wokwanira amasiya on Lake Chitata. Iwo ili pa magombe a estuary Beysugskogo ndipo tikubweretsazi chipatala chaching'ono "Yeisk".

Ndipotu zimatanthauza siteji oyambirira mapangidwe Salt Lake.

Ndi mbali ya kunyanja, umene uli m'kati shallowing wa otsiriza anapambulwa oyamba Bay, ndiyeno anakhala wodziimira Madamu chatsekedwa.

Kutalika kwa Khan nyanja kutalika pafupifupi sikisitini makilomita lonse - asanu kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri. kuya kwake - 80 masentimita.

Madzi amalowa mosungiramo kudzera mvula ndipo nthawi zina ku Lima, mu nkhani ya mphepo yamphamvu.

Malinga ndi nthano, nyanja dzina lake chifukwa cha Crimea Khan, amene anamanga nyumba pano, kusangalala ndi mphamvu ya machilitso osambira m'dera matope.

Pshadskie mathithi

mathithi Local zovuta zikuphatikizapo magawo oposa zana, koma wotchuka kwambiri ndi khumi ndi zitatu za iwo.

Natural zipilala la Krasnodar Krai nthawi zambiri zinkakambidwa pofuna pogwiritsa ndi kuikamo wowoneka kukwera njinga. Ikuchitikira pa malo chigwa otchedwa Base. Satini zokopa zikuluzikulu zili pamalo okwera pakati pa 245 ndi 270 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Iwo analumikizana mwa kilometre wina.

Eyiti mathithi Pshadskogo zovuta ili pa Red Mtsinje. Yaikulu izi, ndipo akutsitsa pansi pa mtsinje - Olyapkin kapena Big Pshadsky. kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi isanu mamita. Ndi za, chifukwa mmodzi wa mabanki sloped gawo ndi ndege udzaphwanya miyala, osati mwachindunji padziko madzi.

Chiwiri kwa yaikulu ndi m'kamwa mwa Mphesa Creek. Iye komanso kupita kumbuyo mu unyolo wa magawo asanu ndi atatu ndipo lili pamalo okwera mamita 270 pamwamba pa nyanja. kwakusiyana wake akutsikira pansi ndi mamita asanu.

Mathithi otsala zili pakati zimphona izi. kutalika awo ranges ku mamita 4.5 30 masentimita.

Kochkareva kagawo amadziwika stalactite ake watenganso, amene kumaoneka ngati ng'ona. Komanso kumtunda kwa mtsinje umayenda Pshada Gorlyanov mtsinje. Malowa ali pamtunda za mathithi khumi. Apa, kutalika ranges ku mamita anayi khumi.

Poyima penapo - mathithi 40 gorge, ndi malire chapamwamba Thabit. Padzakhala kudutsa m'malo ovuta kuona zinthu mamita mpaka makumi awiri mkulu.

Komanso, ayenera kubwerera m'mbuyo wa Papayka rivulet, amene amalowa Pshada. Iye ali tributary - Black Mtsinje. Pa malo otsiriza a kuipidwa yapamwamba ya zokopa zachilengedwe otchedwa Papayskie mathithi.

njira akuyamba ku mudzi wa Black ndi kupita kupyola gorge lapansi. Pamaso pa kaskadikov woyamba pochitika za zitatu makilomita. Kenako akuyamba nyansi mathithi. Pang'onopang'ono, kutalika chawo chinawonjezeka.

Woyamba kwambiri imagwera mamita asanu mkulu atazungulira zochititsa chidwi miyala Bwalo la maseŵera. meters khumi kumtunda ndi lachiwiri - seveni-mita.
Kenako mndandanda wa magawo m'munsi. Ngati inu mufika apa, zikutanthauza kuti ali pafupi alendo m'munsi "akuchuluka". Near wayikidwa Convents, ndipo ngati Muyenda mphero mtsinje (inflow Pshada) akhoza kukumana china mathithi.

Choncho, ngati mungathe kukongola kwa chodabwitsa masewera miyala ndi mitsinje, muyenera ndithudi kukaona malo awa.

Vorontsovskaya phanga

Natural zipilala la Russia nthawi zambiri kukwapula mu mbiri yawo ndi akalumikidzidwa chodabwitsa cha dongosolo losiyana. mfundo yathu yotsatira chidwi - ndi zidzasintha zovuta zipinda mobisa. Iwo ali nawo mu dongosolo Vorontsov phanga.

Dzina la chipilala sanali dzina la wotchuka kalonga wa m'ma XIX, ndi m'mudzi wapafupi - m'mudzi Vorontsovka.

Dongosolo m'mapanga ili m'chigawo cha Sochi Adler, pafupi malire chapamwamba kwa mtsinje Kudepsta.

Pansi pali khumi zolowetsa, zomwe zili pamalo okwera mamita 400 700 pamwamba pa nyanja. Pali liwu loti ofufuza phanga - "wovulala". Izo zimasonyeza mlingo wa nyumba monolithic.

Kotero kuti pamene khoma zochepa homogeneous, mwachitsanzo pali zambiri ming'alu, ndi zovuta za zipinda chapansi mupezamo chifukwa cha kukongola.
Pakati wotchuka kwambiri: Nyamuliranani, chowulungika, chete kuchipinda ndi Prometheus Grotto. Ena mwa nyumba awa ali oopsa. Chifukwa cha ming'alu ambiri pafupipafupi zigumukire. Mwachitsanzo, mu holo ya mtsinje mobisa mudzapeza makombo a kiyubiki mamita 50 mu buku.

Kuwonjezera malowa pali anagwa maholo ndi stalactites ndi stalagmites. Wotchuka - ndi luster kapena Zosiyanasiyana. m'lifupi zimasiyanasiyana mamita asanu ndi inayi, ndi kutalika - mamita awiri. Aliyense amene amabwera kuno, ali mu ufumu wa chodabwitsa formations karst.

Holo yaitali - Prometheus Grotto. m'litali ndi mamita 120.

Ofukula dongosolo phanga anapeza zotsalira za zimbalangondo mbiri isanayambe, komanso malo Paleolithic ya anthu akale.

ubwenzi mtengo

zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zipilala za chilengedwe si nthawi zonse anapanga paokha. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi zikhoza kukhala mfundo yotsatira chidwi.

zomera ndi kale zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu. Kamodzi (mu 1934), asayansi Zorinym F. M. inabzalidwa mandimu zakutchire. Cholinga cha ntchito iyi inali wofufuza kuchotsa zipatso, zimene Usaope Russian frosts.

Zonse katemera 45 zipatso zosiyanasiyana. mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mandarins, malalanje, mpesa ndi zipatso zina zipatso.

Tsiku lina mu 1940, anayambitsa anapita Otto Schmidt ndipo anamuonetsa mtengo-munda. Kumalo ozizira wofufuza kuti inoculate wina nthambi ina. Kenako mu 1957, ndondomeko ofanana anabwereza udindo wapamwamba alendo ochokera Vietnam.

Pakali pano, izi zomera zodabwitsa prischepleno oposa 630 mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso, ndi m'kati kumezetsanitsa nawo alendo otchuka ochokera m'mayiko 167 a dziko. mitengo kuti iwo anabzala olamulira akunja, akazembe, chombo ndi mafanizo ena - 60 "ana" kukula pafupi naye.

Today pali Museum ku omwe awasungira pa zikwi makumi awiri zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kachikumbutso azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Iwo anaganiza zopatsa pamene kuyendera ena lodziwika dziko veshchichki.

mwala nyanja

Ngati inu kuwona ndemanga pa ukondewo, zikuoneka kuti pafupifupi onse manda zachilengedwe a dera Krasnodar ali pafupi ndi mzinda wa Sochi.

Koma izi sizili choncho. Tsopano tikambirana mmodzi wa zokopa za chigawo Maikop. Pali amenewa alendo monga Khadzhokh ndi dolmens zake, White Mtsinje Canyon, thanthwe "Musanyamule ndi Ambuye," ndipo ena. Koma chidwi kwambiri ndi losaiwalika ndi mwala nyanja.

Izi munda yaikulu ogulitsira karst tofanana mafunde mantha la nyanja ya namondwe. Pali magalimoto, grottoes ndi mapanga. Phanga lalikulu walunjika.

chitetezo chofunika kwambiri misewu achilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, munda sikuti ntchito ndi alendo ndi holide opanga, komanso ndi mayunivesite ambiri zolinga maphunziro.

Pali munda maphunziro a Akatswiriwa, botanists ndi ophunzira ukatswiri ena. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mbali ya kum'mwera ya Stone Nyanja ili ya m'mapiri meadows, ndi kumpoto - nkhalango. Ndi, zomera malo awa ndi yosiyanasiyana.

Choncho, m'nkhani ino ife tikuyidziwa zipilala achilengedwe a Krasnodar Gawo, tinayenda m'mphepete mwa mathithi a dongosolo lino, anapita m'mapanga ndi kuyenda motsatira Stone nyanja.