Cathedral wa St. Nicholas, Helsinki: history, kufotokoza ndi chidwi mfundo

Cathedral wa St. Nicholas (Helsinki) ndi wamkulu wa Evangelical Lutheran Church ndi dziko ndi pa Senate Square, likulu la Finland, m'chigawo chakumpoto. Izi ndi kukopa mwachilungamo otchuka pakati alendo, ngati chaka chilichonse kachisi kukaona ndi anthu pafupifupi 500 000 kuchokera padziko lonse lapansi. Cathedral amatchedwanso chizindikiro cha mzinda wa Helsinki ndi chipilala wapadera wa zomangamanga, nyumba ndi mbiri zachilendo ndi lofunika kwambiri chifukwa boma.

Cathedral wa St. Nicholas: mbiri ya yatsoka

Mu 1812, Finland anali mbali ya Russian Ufumu, ndipo Helsinki pa mwambowu, Alexander I ananena likulu la Grand Duchy. Choncho, mzinda zifukwa odetsedwa, ndipo mfumu inalamula kuti imangidwe motsatira malamulo. Ndiye likulu anali yaing'ono, ndi anthu anthu oposa 3000 ndipo kwambiri kuonongeka pambuyo moto zikuluzikulu zomwe zinachitika pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX.

Mwachidule, Helsinki akusowa kukhazikitsanso wathunthu ndi kumanganso. mapulani mzinda amatenga komiti yapadera lotsogoleredwa ndi Johan Albrecht Erenstremom. Iwo anakonza kumanga likulu kuti yotengedwa ndi amakona anayi lalikulu mawonekedwe.

Angagwiritse nyumba m'tawuni makamaka chinkhoswe Carl Ludwig Engel - German wamanga. Zinali iye amene anapanga kotero kuti fano la Helsinki amamuonera kalembedwe wa classicism. Engel anali mlengi wa nyumba:

• Senate Palace.
• The nyumba yaikulu ya University.
• Milimo ya University Library.
• Cathedral, kuphatikizapo pakhomo waukulu.

Last - ndi Cathedral wa St. Nicholas (Helsinki). Wazomangamanga anayamba ndi kugwetsa nyumba alipo pa Senate Square: Mpingo Ulriki Eleonory, yomwe inamangidwa nkhuni 1724, City Hall, ndi nyumba zina akale ndi manda. Kamodzi dziko chitakonzedwa, tinayamba kumanga kachisi. Iwo anamangidwira nthawi yomweyo ndi wotchuka ndi chidwi ntchito mapulani a Cathedral Petersburg St. Isake. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mungathe penyani ena kufanana kalembedwe ndi mmene kulembetsa wa ulemerero mkati ndi kunja.

Choncho, nyumbayi udaikidwa ndi kuyamba kumanga yokha Engel, ndi luso wamanga nthawi yake. Koma yomanga tchalitchi zinachitika nthawi yaitali, zaka 22 ku mapeto a yomanga katswiri wa zomangamanga anafa. Anapitiriza kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi ndi ana Karla Lyudviga pansi wamanga wina Lormanna, umene pang'ono kusinthidwa kamangidwe ka kuloŵedwa m'malo. Kachisi anatsegula mu 1938. nyumba izi zazikulu mu Wachiwiri-chakale kalembedwe (magwero ena amati classicism), sipangakhalenso bwinobwino wotchedwa chokongoletsera mkulu wa mzinda m'dera lapakati wa Helsinki.

Cathedral wa St. Nicholas (Helsinki): kufotokoza kunja

kachisiyo ndi dongosolo kamangidwe, wopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a mtanda Greek. Iwo ali mawonekedwe symmetrical, ndi domes asanu. Woyamba, chofunika kwambiri ndi mawu ophiphiritsa a Khristu. Iye wazunguliridwa ndi zina domes anayi. Mukhoza ndikuganiza, ichi ndi Mauthenga ovomerezeka: Marko, Luka, Mateyu ndi Yohane. Mbali ya triangular matabwa akutali mawonekedwe ndi Korinto yachiwiri. Pamakoma gawo pilasters okongoletsedwa ndi Antiokeya-ziboliboli. Aliyense wa iwo amasonyeza zochitika pa moyo wa Khristu.

Khomo lalikulu ndi korona ndi dzina lalembedwa "Yahweh." Pamwamba mizati pa mbali ya gables anaika chithunzi 12 atumwi anaponyedwa ku nthaka.

Mkati mwa Mpingo Cathedral

Mkati mwa Cathedral wa St. Nicholas (Helsinki), chabe chokongoletsedwa. Mark kokha zofunika kwambiri ndi zofunika, palibe superfluous, amaika. No pomposity amapezeka mipingo ina Orthodox. Makoma mwayera ndi ngodya mwaukhondo akomere kukonzanso misewu mpingo wa kanjedza amene utakwaniritsa kwambiri umenewu, monga Martin Luther, Philip Melanhtou ndi Mikael Agricola.

Mu kum'mawa kwa chipinda ndi guwa lansembe, monga chiyenera kukhala mu mipingo Orthodox. M'mbali mwa angelo - ndi ntchito ya German ziboliboli Blezera. Palinso thupi akaundula 57, opangidwa ku Denmark mu 1967.

Chidwi mfundo ndi zambiri za kachisi

Cathedral St. Nicholas (Helsinki) okonzeka crypt - ndi vaulted Phaka nthawi aikidwa pansi pa guwa kapena malo choral. Ndi okwanira kuti anthu 500. Pali waikidwa guwa latsopano, misonkhano dera, zoimbaimba ndi zisudzo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti crypt wa dzina lomwelo ngakhale cafe.

kachisi ankaona kuti chofunika kwambiri kwa dziko, kotero madera ake makamu zinthu zina zofunika kwa mzinda ndi Finland. Mwachitsanzo, kulambira zipembedzo, pamene mu umodzi wa mpingo ati magulu ena achipembedzo, kapena kulambira polemekeza maholide.

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa kwa alendo?

Cathedral wa St. Nicholas (Helsinki, Finland) ili pa Unioninkatu 29, 00170. ndi lotseguka tsiku lililonse kuyambira m'mawa mpaka 9 6 koloko madzulo, ndi miyezi wachiwiri ndi wachitatu chilimwe - mpaka usiku 12. Kodi mungathe kutenga zithunzi za mkati ndi kunja, mu belu nsanja ndi mphatso shopu, nthawi ya chirimwe. Pa yomweyo poyera ndi cafe "Crypt".

zikondwerero mpingo, misonkhano ndi ntchito mu tchalitchi

Tsiku m'kachisi, misonkhano pemphero, ndipo pa Lachitatu kwa miyezi 12 pa chaka masana mungasangalale othyathyalika phokoso limba. Confession akhoza kukhala madzulo, ndi pa maholide kuti abwere ku msonkhano mmawa.

Archpriest imachita makalasi Chilamulo cha Mulungu ndi ana. St. Nicholas Cathedral ku Helsinki amapereka kugula zosiyanasiyana ziwiya mpingo, pali kugulitsa mabuku auzimu Russian, pali laibulale.

Mwina ukwati, ndi masakramenti a ubatizo ndi kuikidwa m'manda. Zonsezi mfulu kwathunthu mlandu, m'dera la m'tchalitchi.

The Cathedral ndi mzinda yaikulu kukopeka ndi wamkulu mpingo, umene amapereka zosiyanasiyana ntchito kwa alendo ake. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti misonkhano ikuchitikira kuno osati ku Finland, komanso chinenero Church Chisilavo. The moyera-tchalitchi cha Saint Nicholas, kumene, ayenera kukhala amodzi a malo oyamba umene kukaona City wa Helsinki Mlendo.