Chibuda. Bodhisattva - ndi chiyani ichi?

Chibuda, pali chidwi kwambiri cholengedwa, wotchedwa ndi bodhisattva. Akukhulupirira kuti kukhala kovuta, koma n'kotheka, ambiri amene amachita njira iyi, kufuna kukwaniritsa boma akufuna. M'nkhani ino udzapeza yankho ku funso lakuti: Bodhisattva - awa ndi ndani? Mungaphunzirenso njira imene chiyenera kukhalira, ndi mfundo imene akutsatiridwa.

Mawu akuti "Bodhisattva"

Bodhisattva - munthu (pa dziko), amene mfumukazi choonadi, koma mosiyana iye sanangokhala dziko la Buddha ndi kumanzere. Cholinga chake ndi wosavuta ndi pa yemweyo nthawi zovuta - kuthandiza anthu pa njira zawo mwauzimu. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti bodhisattva angatchedwe munthu amene anazindikira bhumi choyamba. Mpaka izi zitachitika, limagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "dzhatisattva".

Bodhisattva zambiri amakhala mwamtendere ndi anthu ena, kuona zowinda ndi kukhala mwa njira. Iwo kusiyana ndi chifundo kwa anthu ena. Mu "Vimalakirti Sutra", mungapeze nkhani ya bodhisattva odwala. Koma akafunsidwa chifukwa chodwala, ndiye yankho ndi analandira motere: matenda zinachitika ku wachifundo kwambiri kwa anthu odwala. Choncho zikuoneka kuti anawuzidwanso zambiri pankhani timaganiza awo.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu akukhulupirira kuti kubera ngati cholengedwa pansi - ndi dalitso lalikulu. Ndipotu bodhisattva zonse kukopa anthu amene akufuna kumva nzeru kuchokera kwa iwo. Ena Kankhani zofunika, amene amalola kuti ukasintha kusintha moyo wake.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya Chibuda, lingaliro ili ndi yosiyana, komanso njira njira kwambiri. Zambiri za izi adzalembedwa penapake m'munsi.

Baibulo limatchula koyamba bodhisattva

Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa Bodhisattva mu Buddhism amatchulidwa siteji koyamba chitukuko gulu limeneli achipembedzo. Angapezeke mu sutras oyambirira amenewa Saddharmapundarika Sutra (limati makumi awiri ndi zitatu zolengedwa) nirdesha Vimalakirti Sutra (atalonjeza oposa makumi asanu).

cholinga bodhisattvas

Monga tanena ndi bodhisattva - ndi amene mfumukazi choonadi. ntchito yake mu dziko lino - kuti akuvutika ndi chimwemwe, onse palokha ndipo ena. Akukhulupirira kuti maziko a mwambo wa zolengedwa.

Malinga ndi malipoti ena, pali mitundu iwiri ya Bodhisattvas. Ena zabwino zokha, zochita zawo zikhoza kukhala zoipa kapena okha kapena kwa munthu wina. Motero, iwo si kudziunjikira Karma zoipa m'pang'ono pomwe kuchita basi.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa bodhisattva kumafuna kudzikundikira Karma zoipa, kuchita Muzingoona zabwino kwa ena. Ndipo iye akudziwa bwino zochita zake ndi chilango kwa iwo (kulowa zolengedwa m'munsi atafa). Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi njira yachiwiri kumafuna zambiri mphamvu.

malonjezo osasinthika

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kubweretsa mlingo wa malonjezo bodhisattva ali, kuti lili musanayambe chiuli masitepe. Iwo amaganiza chisamaliro cha zolengedwa zina, kuwonongedwa kwa zofooka zosiyanasiyana palokha, kusunga makhalidwe abwino, ndi zina zotero. D. Komanso kulowa Inde ukupereka lumbiro ndi zina zinayi malonjezo aakulu.

Makhalidwe (paramitas) bodhisattva

Mu bodhisattvas pali makhalidwe ena amene sangathe kutsatira kusiya osankhidwa njira chokana kugwiritsa ntchito anthu onse. Mu sutras zosiyanasiyana, anafotokoza chiwerengero osiyana, koma ife zikunena khumi zofunika:

• Dana Paramita. Owolowa manja, amene amathandiza zosiyanasiyana madalitso, osauka mwauzimu, komanso zopereka.
• Sila-paramita. Mwambo wa malonjezo, ndicho. E. Lamulo kutsatira malamulo ndi malangizo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti tipeze kuunika.
• Kshanti-Paramita. Kuleza mtima, amene amalola kuchitira udani ndi otsekerezedwawo. Koma khalidwe limeneli angatchedwe kuzizira - kuyenda ruffle kovuta.
• Virya-paramita. Changu (khama) - pali lingaliro limodzi lokha, zochita zake ndi malangizo.
• Dhyana-Paramita. Amalingalira - kupita ndende, samadhi.
• Prajna parmita. Kupambana ndi chidziwitso cha nzeru Kumwambamwamba, kufuna izo.
• Upaya-Paramita. Zidule imene bodhisattvas akapulumutse amene amafunika. Mbali yapadera ndi kuti aliyense ali ndi njira yolondola, kulola mavuto mwachindunji panjira kunja kwa gudumu la samsara.
• Pranidhana-Paramita. Malonjezo amene ayenera kutsatira Bodhisattva.
• Bala-Paramita. wanyonga, lomwe lili padziko lonse ndi kuthandiza anthu za kukhala munthu wamkulu njira ya chisomo.
• Jnana-paramita. Chidziwitso, zikusonyeza kuthekera kuli wodzilamulira mu malo osiyana kwambiri.

Siteji ya chitukuko ya Bodhisattvas

Palinso madigiri khumi Bodhisattva. Gawo lirilonse amatenga rebirths ambiri ndipo kumafunika kwambiri zaka mamilioni. Motero, anthu awa mwaufulu kuwonongeka okha kwa gudumu la samsara pofuna kuthandiza kutuluka izo cholengedwa china. Taganizirani mlingo (bhumi) Bodhisattva (iwo achokera zinthu ziwiri - "Madhyamikavatary" ndi "Holy Sutra golide"):

• Amene ali chimwemwe apamwamba;
• wosadetsedwa;
• yowala;
• lamoto;
• chisawawa;
• kuwonetseredwa;
• imafika;
• malo;
• dobromudry;
• dharma mtambo.

Bodhisattva mu Hinayana

Muyenera kuganizira kodi bodhisattva mu Buddhism miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Panthawi imeneyo, kodi chipembedzo ichi, ena ayamba kutenga njira yosiyana ndi choonadi, ndi ubale kwa anthu ena.

Choncho, Hinayana Bodhisattva - umunthu ndi (thupi lake ndi chosiyana, monga nyama, munthu kapena nthumwi ya mapulaneti hellish), zomwe waganiza kupita njira yonse kuti Buddha. Posankha ayenera zochokera kulakalaka kwambiri kusiya gudumu la samsara.

The malangizo hinayana anthu amenewa zitha kukhala Buddha kale (osapitirira twente-foro), ndipo kwa mphindi pamene iwo akhala iwo. Bodhisattva ayenera kukumana limodzi la kubadwa kwa Buddha, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ndi ulosi wonena lithandize m'tsogolo.

Tikumbukenso kuti mwambo wa Hinayana bodhisattvas - iyi si abwino Zochita. Ambiri a otsatira a akuyesetsa kukwaniritsa udindo arhanta, umene oyera, anapita njira zonse nirvana pa okha kutsatira malangizo a Buddha. Palibe wina pano iye sangakhoze kudzithandiza. Ichi ndi chifukwa chiphunzitso sangakhale losavuta wokhulupirira afikire Buddhahood.

Bodhisattva mu Mahayana

Bodhisattva mu Mahayana Chibuda ali ndi udindo yosiyaniranapo, komanso mkati lenilenilo, limene linakhazikitsidwa patapita nthawi yaitali kuposa m'mbuyomu, ndi zosiyana. Mbali yaikulu ya Mahayana ndi zoti aliyense angathe kupulumutsidwa, amene akhulupirira ndi kutsatira malonjezo. N'chifukwa chake kayendedwe, ndipo analandira dzina lake, limene likumasuliridwa kuti "Wamkulu wagalimoto".

Mu Mahayana Chibuda, ndi Bodhisattva - ndi abwino chipembedzo aliyense wofuna kukhala wotsatira wa akavalidwe. Arhanty amene Hinayana idealized adamfunsa chifukwa chakuti amakonda sangadziwe, osati kusamala za mavuto a anthu ena. Motero, amakhalabe mu chimango cha lake "Ine".

Nthawi zambiri, Mahayana njira arhanstva - yopapatiza ndi odzikonda njira. Mahayana kutsimikizira mfundo njira zitatu kukwaniritsa arhanstva, ndiye Chenicheni Pratyeka Achibuddha ndi bodhisattvas njira yokha.

Bodhisattva mu Vajrayana

Mu Vajrayana Bodhisattva - osakaniza ena chithunzi yabwino yogi amene katswiri siddhas onse. Ndi, mfundo, ndithudi, monga Mthandizi anauka patapita nthawi yaitali kuposa m'mbuyomu awiri. Mbali ina ndi ena mwa Bodhisattva ndi zina emanations wa Achibuddha. Choncho, mfundo ya pa njira ya ungwiro atayika.

Ena bodhisattvas amene amakhala m'dziko lathu

Tikumbukenso kuti pali gulu la bodhisattvas, mndandanda wa zomwe zingasiyane uliwonse pa Chibuda. Mwachitsanzo, mu Mahayana mukhoza kukumana kwenikweni moyo bodhisattvas kale amene anali pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana chitukuko. Aryaasanga izi (mlingo chachitatu), Naagaarjuna (milingo naini), ndipo ena. Chofunika kwambiri amaonedwa Avalokitershvara, Ksitigarbha, Manjushree neri Al.

Maitreya - ndi Bodhisattva, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika posachedwapa lapansi. Iye tsopano akuthamanga cheke lalikulu mu mlengalenga dera Tusita akufuna. Tikumbukenso kuti adzalemekezedwa bodhisattva mu mafunde onse a Chibuda.

Pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukudziwa yankho ku funso lakuti: Bodhisattva mu Buddhism - ndichiyani? Ngakhale kuti khalidwe lokonda zilombo izi mu madera osiyana a Chibuda ndi osiyana, chikhalidwe chawo ndi kufunika vuto, chifukwa mapangidwe njira ayenera mozama ndi mzimu.