Concept, gulu ndi makhalidwe a mpatuko wa. Mipatuko mu Russia: "Mboni za Yehova", "yogwirizanitsa Mpingo"

Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri achilendo munthu akufuna kupeza Mulungu. Izi chimaoneka ndi chakuti izo sizinali zonse za mbiri ya anthu ayi chikhalidwe chimodzi, wopanda lingaliro la luntha apamwamba amene analenga dziko lapansi ndi zonse zikuchitika chimayendera. Nthawi zonse anthu kuzifuna, koma njira kuchita zimenezi, kusankha osiyana, nthawi zina akuwatsogolera m'njira chosiyana.

oopsa omasuka ndiponso ochezeka

Kwa zaka zambiri, okwana kulibe Mulungu ndi kupanduka, anakwezedwa mlingo wa mfundo boma, m'malo masiku ano ufulu chipembedzo chilichonse ndiponso kukhala wotsatira wa aliyense wa ambiri mu nthawi athu olambirira. Natural chidwi pankhani moyo wauzimu unakula mafashoni, amene Nthawi zambiri, popanda kupita akamanena za ziphunzitso zoperekedwa ndi alaliki kumene anawonekera "aphunzitsi".

zachiphamaso amakopeka ndi zauzimu anati lero zinadzala ndi ngozi ndithu, popeza kuti chikhulupiriro ndi mbali ya moyo imene imafuna odziwa malamulo ake, ndipo, ndithudi, ndi chikhulupiriro chabodza kuti chipembedzo chilichonse aposa kulibe Mulungu, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri. Iko kunali maganizo zosafunikira kwa nkhani ya chikhulupiriro ndi kuchita manambala a mamembala atsopano a magulu achipembedzo, amatchedwa mipatuko.

Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "mpatuko"

Tisanayambe kuyankhula za izo, angadziwire kuti kumveketsa tanthauzo la liwu lokha komanso zimene amadziŵika nyumba zachipembedzo. Mawu akuti "mpatuko" ndi muzu chomwecho ndi ofanana tanthauzo ndi mawu akuti monga "odulidwa," ie m'madera osiyana wonse. Ndi N'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa amanena kuti dzina gulu, analekana ndi zipembedzo zikuluzikulu za padziko lapansili, amene ankaona kuti Chikhristu, chiBuddha ndi chi Islam.

Zizindikiro za mpatuko wa

Masiku ano, pali masauzande a magulu osiyana, koma iwo onse amakhala ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti, mu amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana chibadidwe aliyense wa iwo. Childs, ofufuza za zodabwitsazi chikhalidwe womangidwa malo oyamba khalidwe la iwo achipembedzo malonda - mtundu wa malonda kuti amalola kuti asanene chiphunzitso chawo, ngati chinthu msika, pazipita chiwerengero cha anthu ogula angathe. Mwa njira, ndipo ntchito njira imeneyi ndi ngongole mwachindunji ku dziko la zamalonda.

Komanso, zizindikiro za magulu monga wamba ambiri a iwo, chikhalidwe aukali nawo za pawo Otsatira latsopano m'menemo njira maganizo kuthamanga ankagwiritsa ntchito. Izi makamaka khalidwe la magulu opondereza akulankhula za tikambirana pansipa.

Kunama monga njira akulembedwa dongosolo la utsogoleri wolowezana mkati

Komanso n'kofunika kwambiri mbali chofuna kuchita mipatuko ndi otchedwa iwiri chiphunzitso - mchitidwe umene Wolemba pofuna kunyengerera wopinduka wina (kutembenuza membala), kubisala kwa Iye yekha mbiri woona wa bungwe ndipo atsogoleri, koma ngakhale molakwika, kupangitsa dzi, kwambiri akamanena za ziphunzitso zawo.

Zosafuni- mbali ndi utsogoleri wolowezana okhwima wamangidwa zochokera lonse lamkati dongosolo lomenyera. Kawirikawiri mpatuko membala ali kudutsamo milingo angapo mwambo uliwonse umene umabweretsa wolimba ndi chidziwitso cha choonadi analonjeza. Mwa ichi, kodi siteji ndi pa nthawiyo, anatsimikiza ndi udindo wake.

Umwini yosalephera ndiponso zochita

Komabe, aliyense mpatuko watero ukulu wake mtheradi ndipo salakwa mtsogoleri wawo pa ena onse, kuphatikizapo amene anayambitsa zipembedzo zikuluzikulu za padziko lonse. Chiphunzitso cha aliyense wa iwo ponena kuti ndi umboni wa Choonadi Supreme, ndipo sangathe kudzudzulidwa. Zonse izi kuika mu funso zafala monga "nyama ziwiri miyendo."

Poganizira zoipitsitsa kwambiri khalidwe la mpatuko akhoza asataye, choncho ntchito phwando ngati mapulogalamu anthu ake kutsitsimuka. Popeza kuti mpatuko amakhala anthu ndi osakhazikika maganizo, kusowa i olimba makhalidwe ndi nzeru zauzimu. Monga ulamuliro, iwo mosavuta suggestible, kotero msanga ufulu ndi okonzeka kuchita unsembe za "aphunzitsi".

Total ulamuliro pa "onyamula choonadi"

Mbali khalidwe la kwambiri kwa mipatuko ndi amati exclusivity wauzimu wa anthu ake. Kawirikawiri umachititsa lingaliro iwo okha, onyamula onse mofanana Supreme Choonadi, apulumutsidwe, ndi ena onse amene sakhulupirira maganizo awo, udzawonongedwa.

Pomaliza, zizindikiro pamwamba wa gulu lampatuko chingakhale chosakwanira ngati ife sananene ulamuliro okwana pa miyoyo ya mpatuko la, anasonyeza atsogoleri awo auzimu. njira wake wonse wa moyo tsopano mogwirizana ndi kamodzi ndi malamulo onse anakhazikitsa. Nkosafuna kunena kuti amagwirizana yekha zofuna za mpatuko ndipo atsogoleri? Ichinso akhoza zimachitika zonena wokwera chuma zinachititsa kuti udindo wapamwamba mamembala a mpatuko wa nthawi zambiri ndiye kuti kuli wovuta pamodzi ndi mabanja awo.

Gulu la magulu Russian

Miyambo ndi mipatuko mu Russia akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo. Oyamba ndi amene ali ndi mbiri mokwanira yaitali mu dziko lathu. Iwo Achipentekoste, Adventists ndi Abaptisti. Iyi ndi Achilutera monga anasiyanitsidwa ndi zipembedzo zazikulu Mkhristu.

Mbiri yakale, mamembala awo anali oimira mitundu, ndi Lithuanians, Zitsulo Germany. Komabe, chifukwa kuchita zinthu zolimba kuchita m'ziwalo latsopano zisakuyenda chakhala wopinduka, mamembala ambiri akale a m'deralo Orthodox.

Masika tsiku eni choonadi apamwamba

Otsatirawa ndiwo gulu mokwanira lalikulu zoyerekeza-Christian opondereza mpatuko. Zikuphatikizapo dongosolo, amadzitcha okha "New Apostolic Church", "Mpingo wa Khristu", "Banja la" ndi zina zotero. Kugwiritsa ntchito kupanda kuzindikira achipembedzo a otsatira awo, onse a iwo ankanena za Malemba, akwatule kwa izo makoti tendentiously asankhidwa kuti ndi nkhani yonse kutsimikizira ntchito zinthu zimene watipatsa atapereka mwa iwo.

Pamakhala ndi mndandanda kwambiri kwa mipatuko, kulengeza lawo yekha "vumbulutso latsopano." Yotchuka kwambiri iwo - ndi "Mboni za Yehova", "Mayi wa Mulungu Center", anthu achipembedzo cha Mormon ndi wowopsa mpatuko "Aum". Yotsirizira mulinso mbali ya opondereza monyanyira ndipo ngakhale mpatuko zigawenga. Kukhazikika mu 1987 ndi Japanese Shoko Asahara, anasiya kudziwika ndi mpweya oukira mu Tokyo yapansi.

Zamatsenga ndi Satana mipatuko

M'zaka zapitazi, mayiko a kumadzulo kwa Ulaya ndi America mu Russia analowa mpatuko, zokhudzana ndi kayendedwe otchedwa M'badwo Watsopano. Iwo onse ndi osiyana zamatsenga khalidwe ndi kutsamira pa chitukuko cha katundu paranormal munthu. Otsatira ake ali, monga ulamuliro, anthu amene amadziona kuti amizimu ndi amatsenga, komanso kukhala otsatira ambiri mipatuko Oriental.

Komabe, pakati zosiyanasiyana za magulu achipembedzo ndi mumaganiza kuti ndi lero mpatuko mu Russia, anthu ambiri odious kuti amachita zosiyanasiyana Satana mipatuko. khalidwe lawo molapitsa ndi cholinga anadalitsa achinyamata amaika gulu chiwerengero cha owopsa kwa anthu a. Zimafalitsidwa mu mwambo wa chiwawa, chiwerewere, ndi kukana mfundo lingathandize komabe chikumbumtima amphamvu achinyamata achibadwidwe basest ndi awapitikitsa osati kusiya anthu, koma nthawi zina kukhumudwa.

Mpatuko, wochokera ku America

Lero, mmodzi wa yaikulu mu magulu Russian ndi nthambi ya mayiko chipembedzo kuitana yokha Mboni za Yehova. likulu lake zili ku New York, ndipo chiwerengero cha mamembala a anthu oposa mamiliyoni asanu ndi atatu. zoyerekeza Izi ndi yotsutsa chiphunzitso cha Utatu Woyera mpatuko poyamba anaonekera mu Russia mu m'ma XIX, koma inali yololedwa mwalamulo yekha mu 1913.

Mu Soviet Union, pamene panali kulimbana ndi zipembedzo zonse, a "mpatuko Mboni za Yehova ndi chizunzo chilengedwe. Iwo ngakhale anavutika kwambiri kuposa aakulu tsoka kuposa okhulupirira wamba: mu nthawi kuyambira 1949 mpaka 1951, zikwi mbali yake ndi mabanja awo mokakamiza ku Siberia Kazakhstan ndi Far East.

Mu positi-perestroika nyengo, komanso magulu ena ambiri mu Russia, gululi lakhala mobwerezabwereza kulembetsa ndi makonsolo. Kupeza ufulu yochepa kulibe, ndiye koma nkhanambo amapita mobisa. Ngakhale kuti masiku ano si mtchatho, mamembala ake mu dziko pano ali kuwerengetsera a akatswiri, osati anthu osakwana zana ndi makumi asanu ndi zikwi.

The brainchild mlaliki Korea South

Chitsanzo china malowedwe mu dziko lathu ziphunzitso ena ndi mlendo kwa ife tinabadwa achipembedzo ndi mpatuko "yogwirizanitsa Church." Zikuoneka mu 1954 ku Seoul, ndipo anayambitsa malowa anali Korea South mtsogoleri wachipembedzo ndi mlaliki wa Mun Mwana Mon. chiphunzitso chake kusokonezeka yakuthengo ya chakudya munthu wa Chikhristu, chiBuddha, kukhulupirira mizimu, matsenga ndipo ngakhale zipembedzo zambiri ndi miyambo. Mkuluyu mabwalo onse amadziwika monga chikominisi.

Mu dziko lathu, lingaliro la chiphunzitso ichi poyamba anaonekera mu makumi asanu ndi awiri, koma, pa zifukwa zoonekeratu, kodi sinafalikire. Ufulu kanthu mlaliki USSR Korea chinali chiyambi chabe cha perestroika ndi kuyendera Moscow mu 1991, izo wakhala amawatenga M. S. Gorbachovym. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, "yogwirizanitsa Church" walandira tili ndi kachirombo boma.

tate wake ankaganiza, monga kunapezeka chabe, kuti danga pambuyo Soviet adzakhala pansi lopatsa kufala kwa maganizo ake. Komabe, zochitika zasonyeza kuti ngakhale mu zaka wopindulitsa kwambiri kwa iye chiwerengero cha otsatira mpatuko si upambana anthu zikwi zisanu. Kudutsa Russia zoona, limasonyeza unpopularity ake kwambiri.

Zamagulu - chilengedwe zoipa

Kodi mipatuko ndi malo ena achipembedzo, kulalikira malingaliro zoyerekeza-Christian opondereza nthawizonse zakhala odzipereka otsutsa Mpingo Orthodox, miyambo uzimu omwe amasonyeza poyera Bodza awo. Mbiri imasonyeza kuti magulu zinawonongeka ndi mpatuko amatipeza amanyoza ndi kutsalira pa chitukuko. Kodi mabodza a mpatuko zinayenda bwino, palibe patsogolo m'madera iliyonse ya moyo.

Large udindo kukana choipa ankaimba ndi kufalitsa nkhani, wothandiza anthu kuti zotsatira zoipa zimenezi zingabweretse nawo mabungwe awa, ndi kuti atsogolere ntchito zawo. Zamagulu ndi mliri lonse, kotero polimbana ndi ndi chidwi chipembedzo chilichonse dziko. Gulu Lampatuko wosiyana izo - nthawi zonse kuyesa akutsomphola izo ku dera la otsatira ankati ndi zinthu zauzimu, choncho, kaya pali mawu za mtundu wa chipembedzo, vuto zogwirizana zonse.