Chilema cha masomphenya. Mankhwala ziwonongeke

Chilema cha masomphenya - ndi chiyani ichi? Yankho la funso limeneli, adzaphunzilanso pa nkhani anapereka. Komanso, mudzalandira zokhudza mmene, ndi mavuto diso anthu amakumana zambiri, ndi momwe mungazipezere kuchotsa iwo.

zambiri

Mu yochizira matenda, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa ndi chilema cha zolakwa za refraction. Chotero anomalies - mavuto ambiri diso. Akamanena za gulu la matenda ndi chakuti dongosolo kuwala kwa diso sikutha kuganizira cheza kuwala pa diso, yomwe ndi kuwala kwathu kaundula zikuchitika. The chizindikiro chachikulu ndi zotsatira za chikhalidwe ichi pathological ndi masomphenya osauka.

Masomphenya chilema ndi matabwa ake

zopatuka awa akhoza kukhala a khalidwe lina. zingapo zopindika wamba lero chionekera, akuti:

• astigmatism;
• patali kapena myopia wotchedwa;
• patali zokha kapena hyperopia;
• khungu mtundu kapena khungu mtundu;
• mtundu agnosia.

Kuti timvetse chifukwa chake pali makamaka masomphenya chilema tiyenera kuganizira makhalidwe zolakwika anapereka mwatsatanetsatane.

astigmatism

Chifukwa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe choterocho pathological ndi molakwa zooneka diso chamawonedwe thupi. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti mmene astigmatism likukhudza diso mandala kusamutsidwa wachibale kwa olamulira a refraction. Onse anatchula zifukwa zikuphatikizapo kusiyana kutalika zofunika kuganizira "zithunzi".

Chotero chilema cha masomphenya diso limodzi akhoza kuphatikiza zotsatira za hyperopia, myopia ndi masomphenya yachibadwa.

Myopia, kapena otchedwa myopia

Patali angayambe zifukwa zingapo. Woyamba ndi kutambasuka kwa diso, pokhalabe ndi index zolondola. Monga chifukwa wachiwiri, ndi zamphamvu kwambiri kuwala refraction amene ali wamkulu kuposa 60 diopters, pamene kutalika kwa thupi chamawonedwe mu osiyanasiyana yachibadwa. Onse zolakwika anapereka kusokoneza phwando fano yachibadwa. M'mawu ena, chithunzicho sangathe kuganizira diso, ndi ili mkati mwana wa m'diso la. Choncho, diso afika yekha fano maganizo zinthu zimene amene pang'ono kuchokera kwa munthu.

Pofuna kukonza ichi chilema cha masomphenya, odwala amakonda kulemba magalasi apadera kuti timalimbikitsa molondola kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, munthu akhoza tikambirana zinthu patali popanda Yosefera. Kwa mtima myopic taonanso bwino kwambiri, ntchito opanda magalasi amene kubweretsa zinthu kutali.

Patali zokha, kapena hyperopia

Chotero chilema apalana chifukwa ndi mwauchidakwa ofooka kuwala refraction mu ziwalo zithunzi pamene asayambe kutalika zachibadwa za mwana wa m'diso la. Tikumbukenso kuti chifukwa hyperopia ndi kufupikitsa amakhala phunziro mwana wa diso kuteteza refractive mphamvu.

Chifukwa diso hyperopic sangathe kulenga Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa diso, minofu mavuto kumawonjezera kwambiri. zodabwitsazi pang'ono ndi pang'ono kusintha kupindika disolo, womwe kumabweretsa anatengera limba zithunzi m'mikhalidwe mosavuta. Komabe, izi sikokwanira kwa cholinga yachibadwa za chifanocho.

Mukamakambirana zinthu pafupi diso minofu minofu ya thupi zinachitika ngakhale zambiri. M'mawu ena, bwinobwino chinthu, m'pamenenso chimaoneka pa chithunzi diso.

Kodi njira kuthetsa zopindika zithunzi, kapena kani, kuleza sightedness? Pofuna kukonza kupatuka ngati magalasi kuphatikiza ntchito ndi magalasi. Iwo kuthandiza kumanga wabwino chithunzi chokwanira.

Monga mukudziwa, pa kubadwa kwa mwana, maso ake pang'ono wothinikizidwa horizontally. N'chifukwa chake ndi ana onse aang'ono ena patali zokha. Komabe, mu ndondomeko chitukuko cha masomphenya awo pang'onopang'ono kubwerera mwakale.

Ngati mlingo wa patali zokha anthu ndi chochepa, kutali ndi pafupi masomphenya akhoza kukhala zachibadwa. Koma nthawi yomweyo anthu adzakhala amadandaula mutu kwambiri ndi kutopa diso. Ngati digiri avareji patali zokha, zikuoneka osauka pafupi masomphenya.

Mtundu khungu, kapena khungu mtundu

Chotero chilema ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo, lomwe limapezeka nthawi zambiri amuna. Akamanena za zopatuka izi odwala ndi kusokonezedwa zolondola mtundu kuzindikira, chosinthika photoreceptor maselo (cones) mu diso diso. Ngati mitundu ina ya cones anthu sikokwanira, ndiye alipo mtundu khungu.

mtundu agnosia

Mtundu agnosia - mtundu wa kupatuka monga agnosia zithunzi. Pamene matenda ngati wodwalayo ndi mtundu masomphenya labwinobwino mwina kusiyanitsa mitundu. Palinso munthawi yomweyo ndi kalata agnosia. Matenda a kuvutika izi amafuna kuunika bwinobwino ndi matenda okhudza ubongo a. Kudziwa mtundu wa agnosia n'zotheka mwa mayesero apadera.

Chithandizo cha matenda uwu mu mankhwala yogwira kupatuka, zimene zinachititsa kuti kugonjetsedwa kwa zigawo ubongo payekha. Nthawi zambiri agnosia sangakhoze anachiritsidwa, kubweretsa kusapeza chachikulu la wodwalayo.

vuto lililonse la migraine chakale

Migraine ndi aura chabwino ambiri amuna. Pankhaniyi, odwala akhoza kuona chisokonezo zithunzi. Iwo kawirikawiri amaoneka ngati nyali mfundo cheza molniepodobnyh, zigzags, mipira, kenako anayamba mutu wokongola amphamvu. Mphamvu ya zinthuzo anati kwa mphindi zochepa kapena masekondi. Nthawi zambiri, mafano m'malo mwa wothwanima imfa ya ena zigawo munda zithunzi. Tikumbukenso kuti kuyan'anila amenewa nthawi zina pamodzi ndi dzanzi ya nkhope, theka la thupi ndi chinenero, komanso kufooka kwa miyendo ndi kuphwanya kulankhula bwinobwino.