China: boma. Boma ku China

Nambala yaikulu ya boma la dziko ndi onse limodzi mwa mabuku akale - malinga ndi sayansi, ndi chitukuko pafupifupi 5 Zaka chikwi ndi kupezeka m'mabuku olembedwa kuphimba zaka 3.5 zikwi ... Boma ku China - ndi Socialist Republic Anthu a.

Nthawi ya Mao Zedong

Mu 1949, mphamvu mu dziko anapita Party Communist. TSNPS anasankhidwa tcheyamani ake anali Mao Tszedun. Mu 1954, malamulo Analeredwa. Mu 1956, pambuyo chigonjetso cha Mao Zedong inayambanso lamulo "Great Sangalalani Forward" ndi "communes", chimene chinafika mpaka 1966, kenako anayamba (1966-1976.) Ankalalikira mu 1966, "Cultural utasintha". The zopanda yaikulu ya izo - kulimbitsa kalasi kulimbana ndi "njira yapadera" wa China.

PRC ali kusanduka m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi zochitika za USSR. Ulamuliro wa Mao Zedong angayerekezedwe ndi nthawi Stalin mu Russia, achinyamata "Red Alonda" ndi kupondereza wa dissent anagwedeza China. Mtundu wa boma anali kwenikweni opondereza mwankhanza.

Dzikoli, monga Soviet Union panthawi Stalin, panali mwambo mwa umunthu. Pamene Joseph Vissarionovich moyo ubale pakati pa maiko awiri ndi atsogoleri awo anali ochezeka kwambiri.

Kusintha ndi Growth Economic

zaka ziwiri pambuyo pa imfa Mao Zedong a (mu 1978) anatengera latsopano, wachitatu Chinese malamulo, komabe ntchito, ndipo China (mu mawonekedwe a boma lomwe m'malo kwenikweni wofanana mu maonekedwe) walowa m'nyengo yatsopano. Mu chaka chomwecho boma la nyengo ya "kusintha omasukirana" anatsimikizidwa (osati kwenikweni chidzakantha Komabe, mfundo).

Zinali zotheka kuthetsa mphamvu, kuyambika kwa makampani ndi GDP kukula. Ubwino wa anthu ankakhulupirira kuti bwino poyerekeza ndi zaka zam'mbuyo.

Mu 2012-2013, mlembi wamkulu wa chipani cha Communist ndipo anakhala pulezidenti XI Jinping - uyu ndi m'badwo wachisanu atsogoleri chilengedwere wa PRC.

China wakale

Tikaona m'mbiri pa nthawi asayansi bwino dziko anapita panthawi mobwerezabwereza mgwirizano ndi azingokhala. Monarchical boma ku China wakale nthawi kuchepetsedwa nthawi ya kugawikana ndi kukhalapo kwa maufumu angapo ndi akalonga amene pambuyo kachiwiri ogwirizana mu ulamuliro wa mfumu.

deta yeniyeni pa nthawi oyambirira - ndi Neolithic (12-10 Zakachikwi BC ...), Kapena M'badwo Stone - No. Padakali tinapeza otchulidwa ochepa pa shards Lunshanskoy chikhalidwe (zimene akatswiri zinamangidwa chiyambi za 3 zikwi. BC. E.).

Malinga ndi mwambo Chinese, ndiye wolamulira wake ndi demigod atatu ndi zisanu mafumu, amene inanena kuti Ancient China. Mtundu wa boma Komabe, osati mochuluka kwambiri mafumu ngati utumiki - mafumu kumbuyo anthu ake ndipo amamukonda ndi mphamvu kuchokera mkulu wa nzika kwambiri luso ndi olemekezeka, ndi sanali ana magazi.

Pambuyo "zisanu mafumu 'mafumu anakwera wachifumu C, ndiye - Shan. Pofotokoza za kale zambiri olembedwa Komabe, kuli C asayansi mafumu ngati ndi zotheka.

"Izo zinali ..."

Pambuyo Shang Mafumu anatsatira Zhou. Olamulira anali ofooka, olamulira m'dera itakula. Pomaliza mfumuyo Lee chatha udzu atumiki kwa nkhanza wake ndi unagonjetsedwa, ndiye zaka 13 dziko ankalamulidwa ndi olamulira, osati kukhala wolamulira limodzi. Pomaliza, wachifumu anabwerera mwana Lee.

Izi nthawi pa zipolowe, pamene panali kwambiri olamulira yaing'ono palokha ndipo maufumu. Iye kutha Qin Shi Huang, kulumikizanitsa zonse pansi mphamvu zake ndi anayambitsa mzera watsopano Qin.

Mfumu yatsopano anali kuchita zambiri, koma njira ya ulamuliro wake anali nkhanza. Atamwalira Pambuyo nkhondo yapachiweniweni, imene inatha mu m'munsi mu chaka cha AD 202. e. Latsopano Mafumu - Han.

The mkombero akupitiriza ndi michira ena - pambuyo Han anabwera nthawi ya maufumu atatu, imene inatha mu Kubwera kwa Jin mafumu, ndiye anapitiriza kulekana, ndi mafumu atsopano (Sui ndi Tang), zomwe m'malo awo umodzi 5 achepetse ndi maufumu 10, imene inatha mu inalowa mtundu wa Song.

Atatu zambiri Mafumu m'malo, mpaka wachifumu chiyani sizingamere oimira Qin, amene analamulira mpaka 1911, Mfumukazi Dowager sanali kusaina abdication.

The zipolowe zachiwawa

Pambuyo 1911 ndi pamaso pa kupangidwa kwa mtundu Chinese wopyoza zipolowe ndi nkhondo ziwiri dziko. Hyperinflation, ndi ulamuliro wa alendo ndi kuwonongedwa chifukwa cha zaka zambiri kumenyana m'dera - ndicho chimene anatembenuka China. Mtundu wa boma, chomwe chifuna anthu wamba, ndipo sichinayambe akuyendera - pulezidenti angathe akhafuna korona wachifumu, ndi chisokonezo inayamba mu boma.

Komabe, mapangidwe China anabweretsa kuti (ngakhale kwenikweni). Mu zaka 60 zokha, dziko wakhala anatha kukhala mtsogoleri kwa kupanga katundu ndi kukhala mayiko amphamvu kuthekera, ndi ndalama zokwanira kuti aganyali ndi kuthandiza chuma m'mayiko ena, komanso zokwanira zimakhudza limati ndondomeko amadalira, pamene otsala lipabliki zokomera - pamaziko a zochitika posachedwapa, boma China sakufuna kusintha chirichonse pano.